scholarly journals Restricting spatial lives? The gendered implications of conservation in Cambodia’s protected wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Perry ◽  
Josephine Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Geographic Thought ◽  
Legal Geography ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Tonle Sap ◽  
Gendered Roles

Environmental conservation through the creation of protected areas is recognised as a key tactic in the fight against degrading ecosystems worldwide. Understanding the implications of protected area regimes on both places and people is an important part of the protection agenda. In this context and in this paper, we build on the work of feminist legal geographers and feminist political ecologists to enhance our understanding of the constitution of localised socio-legal-environmental interactions in and around protected areas. Our approach looks to developments in feminist and legal geographic thought to examine the interactions between identities, law and the environment in a Ramsar protected wetland on the Tonle Sap, Cambodia. We bring together legal geography perspectives regarding the spatiality of law with insights from feminist political ecology examining gendered roles and exclusions. We found that conservation areas interact in complex ways with local pre-existing norms prescribing female weakness and vulnerability which, ultimately, restrict women’s spatial lives.

scholarly journals Gendered Dimensions of Unpaid Activities: An Empirical Insight into Rural Bangladesh Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6670
Author(s):  
Faisal Bin Islam ◽  
Madhuri Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Gendered Roles ◽  
Environmental Shocks

Women in Bangladesh are generally perceived as caregivers, often confined within the households to perform various activities, whereas men are perceived as the providers. These complex gendered roles intersect with multiple factors such as household structure, marital status, religion, cultural beliefs, economic shocks, and livelihood opportunities. This study used the feminist political ecology framework to contextualize and analyze time allocated toward unpaid works, culturally accepted as female/gendered activities, and the nuanced power dynamics between men and women within the rural households of Bangladesh. We used the household survey data collected from the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey of 2015 to create a multiple linear regression model that helps understand the impacts of economic, cultural, and environmental shocks on the total time allocated toward unpaid activities by women within the household. Results suggest women who experienced climate-change shocks such as crop losses due to disasters and non-climatic shocks such as dowry tend to allocate more time toward unpaid tasks. In contrast, women who own their businesses tend to give less time toward unpaid tasks. This study provides guidelines for necessary gender-sensitive national policies to address the United Nation’s goal of gender equity and sustainable development.

Women Fighting Peatland Fire: Rural Women’s Experiences in Central Kalimantan and Riau Provinces

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Catharina Indirastuti
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Women Experiences ◽  
Gendered Roles

<p>Forest and land fire that repeatedly destroyed million hectares of peatland in Indonesia is a result of unsustainable peatland governance for many years. Rural women and men living in peatland have different experiences with forest and land fire. Intersectionality between gender and class, geographical location, and ethnicity further add nuances to these different experiences.   This article explores women experiences in fighting peat forest and land fire in 3 target villages of Peat Care Village Program led by Peat Restoration Agency in Central Kalimantan and Riau. Power network that women must endure and a priori on gendered roles and responsibilities weaken women’s position in fighting peatland fire. Women do not have access to resources given to prevent and fight against forest and land fire, while in reality fire fighting activities require women’s involvement especially when it happened in their land or living space. Women experiences in facing peat forest and land fire is reflected using feminist political ecology approach to highlight the multiple impacts that women experience.</p>

scholarly journals Payments for environmental services, gendered livelihoods and forest management in Vietnam: a feminist political ecology perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Wouter Tuijnman ◽  
Mucahid M Bayrak ◽  
Pham Xuan Hung ◽  
Bui Duc Tinh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Gendered Roles

Economic approaches to combat environmental degradation and deforestation have resulted in development initiatives such as the Payment for Environmental Services program (PES). This study deals with the effects of PES on women's livelihoods in Thuong Lo commune, Central Vietnam. Employing a feminist political ecology perspective and adopting a qualitative approach, we analyze the gendered roles, responsibilities and effects of PES on local livelihoods. We found that the women in our study portrayed different preferences and knowledge in relation to PES, forest management and livelihoods. Women are often excluded in PES projects due to a range of various socio-cultural factors.Keywords: Payments for Environmental Services; forest management; gender; women's empowerment; livelihoods; Central Vietnam; Co Tu people

scholarly journals Carrying capacity for ecotourism development in Tahura K.G.P.A.A. Mangkunagoro I

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Ari Wulandari ◽  
Maryono Maryono ◽  
Agus Setyawan
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Environmental Carrying Capacity

The development of nature tourism in conservation areas such as in Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) should be able to minimize the negative impact for the ecosystem. Tourism activities on the utilization block of Tahura must be limited by applying ecotourism concept which is concerned with environmental conservation and not the concept of mass tourism that is oriented on the number of visitors. Tahura K.G.P.A.A. Mangkunagoro I, every year has increased the number of tourist arrivals, most occur in 2016 and 2017 that is equal to 62.8% and 63.5%. This condition harmful the environment if it is not managed in a sustainable way that considers the carrying capacity of its environment. Therefore, a study was conducted to calculate the environmental carrying capacity in the utilization blocks of Tahura K.G.P.A.A. Mangkunagoro I using the method of calculating the physical carrying capacity (PCC), real carrying capacity (RCC) and effective carrying capacity (ECC) with the formula developed by Cifuentes (1992). The results of the calculation of environmental carrying capacity can be used as recommendation of the types of tourist activities that can be done, the arrangement of tourist visits, the type of facility that can be built in accordance with the rules of conservation and the number of officers required.

THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF ‘INCURSIONS’: LIVESTOCK, PROTECTED AREAS AND SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS IN THE MARA REGION OF KENYA

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Butt
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Mara Region

ABSTRACTAcross the world, the presence of domestic animals in protected areas (PAs) is considered an ‘incursion’ that threatens the economic and ecological viability of these areas. Dominant narratives about incursions inaccurately describe the relationships between people and PAs because they lack adequate contextualization. In this paper, I rely on a political-ecological framework to argue for an alternative narrative. Through a case study from a PA in southern Kenya, I demonstrate how incursions are instead modern co-productions that arise from the intersections between changing political geographies of resource control and variable animal geographies of resource utilization – thus clarifying a long-standing debate about the presence of domestic animals in PAs. I rely on direct empirical and supporting evidence from place-based studies to illustrate the spatial and temporal differences in resource access strategies of wildlife and livestock within and outside the PA. I contrast these against changing land tenure and resource management policies to highlight how livestock movements into PAs are patterned in ways that reflect the changing nature of PA management, the material conditions of the landscape, and the agency of animals. Through these investigations, this paper provides a more accurate and nuanced explanation for livestock movements into PAs.

scholarly journals Assessment of the main factors impacting community members’ attitudes towards tourism and protected areas in six southern African countries

Koedoe ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Future Success

In southern Africa, many early conservation efforts from the late 1800s and early 1900s either displaced local communities or restricted their access to natural resources. This naturally affected community attitudes towards protected areas and efforts were later made to rectify growing tensions. In the last few decades of the 20th century, these efforts led to conservation and ecotourism models that increasingly included communities in the decision-making and benefit-sharing process in order to garner their support. Although the results of these policies were mixed, it is clear that the future success of conservation and, consequently, ecotourism in many areas will depend on the attitudes and behaviour of communities living in or adjacent to protected areas. Managing and understanding community expectations and attitudes under varying socio-economic circumstances will lead to more efficient, equitable and sustainable community-based conservation and ecotourism models. This study was based on 1400 community interview schedules conducted in Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe, allowing for an accurate comparison of attitudes across countries, protected areas and communities. The results highlighted important demographic and socio-economic factors to consider in terms of understanding the attitudes of those living in and around protected areas. Suggestions were put forward for managing community relationships and garnering long-term support for protected areas and ecotourism. Conservation implications: It was observed that, in general, community members living in or adjacent to conservation areas in southern Africa have an understanding and appreciation of the importance of conservation. Formal education was found to positively impact attitudes and human–wildlife conflict negatively impacted attitudes, highlighting important policy focus areas.

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