scholarly journals Payments for environmental services, gendered livelihoods and forest management in Vietnam: a feminist political ecology perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Wouter Tuijnman ◽  
Mucahid M Bayrak ◽  
Pham Xuan Hung ◽  
Bui Duc Tinh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Gendered Roles

Economic approaches to combat environmental degradation and deforestation have resulted in development initiatives such as the Payment for Environmental Services program (PES). This study deals with the effects of PES on women's livelihoods in Thuong Lo commune, Central Vietnam. Employing a feminist political ecology perspective and adopting a qualitative approach, we analyze the gendered roles, responsibilities and effects of PES on local livelihoods. We found that the women in our study portrayed different preferences and knowledge in relation to PES, forest management and livelihoods. Women are often excluded in PES projects due to a range of various socio-cultural factors.Keywords: Payments for Environmental Services; forest management; gender; women's empowerment; livelihoods; Central Vietnam; Co Tu people

scholarly journals Restricting spatial lives? The gendered implications of conservation in Cambodia’s protected wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Perry ◽  
Josephine Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Geographic Thought ◽  
Legal Geography ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
Tonle Sap ◽  
Gendered Roles

Environmental conservation through the creation of protected areas is recognised as a key tactic in the fight against degrading ecosystems worldwide. Understanding the implications of protected area regimes on both places and people is an important part of the protection agenda. In this context and in this paper, we build on the work of feminist legal geographers and feminist political ecologists to enhance our understanding of the constitution of localised socio-legal-environmental interactions in and around protected areas. Our approach looks to developments in feminist and legal geographic thought to examine the interactions between identities, law and the environment in a Ramsar protected wetland on the Tonle Sap, Cambodia. We bring together legal geography perspectives regarding the spatiality of law with insights from feminist political ecology examining gendered roles and exclusions. We found that conservation areas interact in complex ways with local pre-existing norms prescribing female weakness and vulnerability which, ultimately, restrict women’s spatial lives.

scholarly journals Payments for Environmental Services: A New People Centric Approach for Biodiversity Conservation in Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Lina Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Preliminary Stage ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Global Biodiversity

Payment for Environmental Services (PES) in its preliminary stage is gaining much attention. The worth of many valuable environmental services is undermined from centuries due its free access. But now with the advancing time the blind conservation practices seem to be unreal. Thus, PES mechanism provides an attractive and convincing package in conservation and valuation of most of the indirect services of environment. This is a review article based on the introductory queries on emerging issue of valuation of environmental services via PES mechanism. Key Words: Environmental services, Global biodiversity, Conservation practices DOI: 10.3126/init.v2i1.2529 The Initiation Vol.2(1) 2008 pp99-103

scholarly journals Diverse ecologies: Mapping complexity in environmental governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Early Literature ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Diverse Economies

This article outlines a novel framework for investigating complex intersections among divergent approaches to enacting environmental governance. I term this the study of “diverse ecologies.” The framework builds on J.K. Gibson-Graham’s influential “diverse economies” perspective but seeks to integrate this with research in political ecology that devotes greater attention to issues of structural power. In particular, the article draws on growing analysis of environmental governance as a form of “environmentality” building on Foucault’s influential governmentality analytic. While early literature in this area overlooked the multiple forms of environmentality that may intersect within a given context, more recent research emphasizes this diversity. Integrating multiple environmentalities and diverse economies perspectives thus provides the grounding for the “diverse ecologies” framework outlined herein. The framework’s application is illustrated through analysis of a popular payment for environmental services program in Costa Rica.

scholarly journals Gendered Dimensions of Unpaid Activities: An Empirical Insight into Rural Bangladesh Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6670
Author(s):  
Faisal Bin Islam ◽  
Madhuri Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Feminist Political Ecology ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Gendered Roles ◽  
Environmental Shocks

Women in Bangladesh are generally perceived as caregivers, often confined within the households to perform various activities, whereas men are perceived as the providers. These complex gendered roles intersect with multiple factors such as household structure, marital status, religion, cultural beliefs, economic shocks, and livelihood opportunities. This study used the feminist political ecology framework to contextualize and analyze time allocated toward unpaid works, culturally accepted as female/gendered activities, and the nuanced power dynamics between men and women within the rural households of Bangladesh. We used the household survey data collected from the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey of 2015 to create a multiple linear regression model that helps understand the impacts of economic, cultural, and environmental shocks on the total time allocated toward unpaid activities by women within the household. Results suggest women who experienced climate-change shocks such as crop losses due to disasters and non-climatic shocks such as dowry tend to allocate more time toward unpaid tasks. In contrast, women who own their businesses tend to give less time toward unpaid tasks. This study provides guidelines for necessary gender-sensitive national policies to address the United Nation’s goal of gender equity and sustainable development.

scholarly journals The Challenges of Implementing Payment for Environmental Services to Prevent The Agricultural Land Conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Tri Ratna Saridewi ◽  
Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Institutional Analysis And Development

<p>Payments for environmental services mechanism is expected to strengthen decisions of agricultural landowners to maintain the existence of their agricultural land. This mechanism is expected to prevent the conversion of land that occurs due to its lower appreciation compared to other uses. This study is aimed to critically examine the challenges of implementing payments for environmental services in Indonesia and strategies to improve the implementation of payments for environmental services schemes to reduce agricultural land conversion. Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development framework is used to examine the implementation of Payments for environmental services. The implementation was able to run well through the establishment of institutions that regulate constitutional rules. The collaboration between the Government (as the user of environmental service) and farmers (as the service provider) should be declared and fully understood before the scheme is implemented. Therefore, full participation of all related parties was crucial in achieving the program’s goals. Collective understanding of the need to prevent land conversion and the coordination of stakeholders needs to be carried out sustainably.<br />Keywords: Land, conversion, environmental services, payment</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>TANTANGAN IMPLEMENTASI PEMBAYARAN JASA LINGKUNGAN UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KONVERSI LAHAN PERTANIAN</strong></p><p>Mekanisme pembayaran jasa lingkungan diharapkan dapat memperkuat keputusan pemilik lahan pertanian untuk mempertahankannya. Mekanisme tersebut diharapkan dapat mencegah konversi lahan yang terjadi akibat apresiasi terhadap lahan pertanian secara ekonomi lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan penggunaan lainnya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah secara kritis tantangan implementasi pembayaran jasa lingkungan di Indonesia dan strategi meningkatkan implementasi skema pembayaran jasa lingkungan untuk mengurangi konversi lahan pertanian. Kerangka Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development digunakan untuk mengkaji implementasi pembayaran jasa lingkungan. Implementasi pembayaran jasa lingkungan dapat berjalan dengan baik melalui penetapan lembaga yang mengatur aturan konstitusional. Kontrak kerja sama antara pemerintah sebagai pengguna jasa lingkungan dengan petani sebagai penyedia jasa lingkungan harus disosialisasikan dan dipahami sebelum skema pembayaran jasa lingkungan dijalankan. Pelibatan partisipan secara penuh merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam mencapai keberhasilan program. Pemahaman bersama tentang perlunya pencegahan konversi lahan dan koordinasi seluruh pemangku kepentingan terkait secara berkelanjutan sangat diperlukan.<br />Kata kunci: Lahan, konversi, jasa lingkungan, pembayaran</p>

scholarly journals Estimate the Impact of Payments for Environmental Services on Local Livelihoods and Environment: An Application of Propensity Scores

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110407
Author(s):  
Thang Quyet Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Tan Huynh ◽  
Wen-Kai K. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Hired Labor ◽  
The Impact

Payments for environmental services (PES) are usually considered as a useful tool to both protect the environment and generate multiple income streams for mountainous households who receive the payments, and thus, it has been widely implementing in many developing countries so far; however, the impact of it on local livelihoods and environment has been questioned. Therefore, the article aimed to evaluate the Vietnamese PES scheme’s effect on both environment and local livelihoods by surveying 282 households living in Quang Nam, Vietnam, and utilized the propensity score matching (PSM) technique to investigate the intervention policy’s influence. Furthermore, to evaluate PES’s effect on the environment, the article used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a measure of the photosynthetic level of forest trees. The calculation of NDVI relied on satellite images downloaded from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. The results indicated that (a) the natural forest status has been improved during PES implementation compared with that of pre-PES period regarding total forest areas, percentage of forest coverage, and vegetation cover; and (b) PES-participants have got a significantly lower income than nonparticipants regarding total annual income, agricultural income, and hired labor income. The limitation is that the impact of interventions on livelihoods and the environment is determined by the mutual combination of implemented programs rather than only the PES regime. So, we highly recommend that the future study separate the PES scheme’s actual impact to precisely evaluate the PES project’s effect on financial and environmental outcomes.

scholarly journals Tackling fragmentation of climat Tackling fragmentation of climate and biodiversity regimes complexes: the role ecosystem services and payment for environmental services : the role ecosystem services and payment for environmental services

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrabanski Marie ◽  
Le Coq Jean-François
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Bridging Concept ◽  
History Of

In the realm of global governance, fragmentation is a recognized and recurrent feature and the multiple causalities underlying global governance issues along with their often cross-sectoral and cross-scale dynamics constitute major driving forces for fragmented governance. The article aims to identify the interactions between the elements of two regime complexes: climate and biodiversity. We argue that despite the different structuration and history of climate and biodiversity regime complexes, the notion of Ecosystem services, in developing specific policy instruments such as payments for environmental services, contributes to the synergy of these two complexes regimes. Indeed, ES concept has been an “integrative” and “bridging” concept that facilitated the creation of linkages between climate and biodiversity regimes complexes. First, the diffusion of the ecosystem services concept has been possible though bringing organizations involved in both regimes complexes. Second, the market based instruments for ecosystem services and biodiversity, especially payment for environmental services has been the operational setting that enables to create at national and/or local scales the operational synergies between both issues and regimes. Payment for environmental services can achieve jointly biodiversity conservation and some mitigation and adaptation objective

scholarly journals PAYMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (PES): CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR RURAL PRODUCERS AT SENHORA DE OLIVEIRA, MINAS GERAIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 090
Author(s):  
Bruno Leão Said Schettini ◽  
Marcelo Gomes da Silva Pereira ◽  
Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽  
Samuel José Silva Soares da Rocha ◽  
Paulo Henrique Villanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Payments For Environmental Services ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Payment For Environmental Services ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Diagnosis Technique

Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is an important tool for environmental conservation and is a relevant practice in many countries for the maintenance of forests. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate challenges and opportunities of implementing a Payment for Environmental Services program in the municipality of Senhora de Oliveira, Minas Gerais. Socioeconomic and environmental diagnosis was performed using the Rapid Participatory Diagnosis technique. The total of 20 socioeconomic and environmental questionnaires were applied in the municipality, aiming to know in detail the local reality, raising potentialities and demands. The number of members of the 20 families that participated in the rural diagnosis was 72, of which 36 were men and 36 were women, with an average of 3.6 persons per family. Of the 20 rural properties that participated in the rural diagnosis, 35% have delimited RL areas and none of them has a management plan. The exploration of Legal Reserve occurs in 15% of the evaluated properties, being the production of firewood and cuttings the predominant activity. The average value of disposition receivable by rural producers was R$ 220.00 ha-1year-1, in which the producers who did not respond to this question were not considered. The municipality of Senhora de Oliveira, Minas Gerais has the necessary conditions to implement the PES, however the producers still do not receive any incentive to provide environmental services. If this process of PES is implemented, there will certainly be advances in environmental conservation and will bring social benefits throughout the region.

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