Demonstration of human kidney differentiation antigens with monoclonal antibodies.

Six human differentiation antigens (EE24.6, EG9.11, EG14.1, EI16.1, EK8.1, EK17.1) have been defined using monoclonal antibodies obtained from mice immunized with embryonic kidney cells. Their histologic distribution was determined on frozen sections of embryonic, fetal, and adult human kidneys by immunofluorescence assay. EE24.6, an ureteral bud marker, was detected only on the germ layer of mature kidney urothelium. EG9.11 and EG14.1 were detected on the S-shaped bodies and also on the adult proximal convoluted tubule for the former and the glomerular basement membrane for the latter. EI16.1, a marker of condensed mesenchyme, was detected only on epithelial cells of adult proximal convoluted tubule. EK8.1 was found in the mesangium, connective tissue, and with particularly dense labeling in the basement membranes. This labeling pattern was present throughout renal organogenesis. EK17.1 recognized both cell and plasma human fibronectins. Staining for all antibodies was nearly identical in mesonephros and metanephros. These results demonstate that some antigens follow their embryonic destiny. They indicate an antigenic similarity between the mesonephros and the metanephros and, therefore, a very early appearance of these antigens. During differentiation, these antigens concentrate on more defined structures, and staining became increased with an increased degree of differentiation.

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Immunoanatomic dissection of the human urinary tract by monoclonal antibodies.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/32.10.6384360 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (10) ◽

pp. 1035-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

C Cordon-Cardo ◽

N H Bander ◽

Y Fradet ◽

C L Finstad ◽

W F Whitmore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Blood Group ◽

Human Kidney ◽

Cell Types ◽

Blood Group Antigens ◽

Human Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Differentiation Antigens ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Different Cell Types

The immunoanatomy of the human kidney and urinary tract has been analyzed by a panel of mouse anti-human monoclonal antibodies that define specific domains and structures. The differentiation antigens detected by these monoclonal antibodies represent a series of glycoproteins characteristic of different cell types. They differ from the blood group antigens and appear to be distinct from other antigens previously described within the kidney or urinary tract. The antigens recognized by these monoclonal antibodies represent an immunohistologic dissection of the human nephron. These antibodies have a broad range of potential applications in studying embryogenesis and pathogenesis of nonneoplastic and neoplastic diseases of the human kidney and urothelium.

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Differential expression of laminin polypeptides in developing and adult human kidney.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/43.6.7769233 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 621-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

I Virtanen ◽

L Laitinen ◽

M Korhonen

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Differential Expression ◽

Human Kidney ◽

Basement Membranes ◽

The Other ◽

Adult Human ◽

Beta 2 ◽

Glomerular Development ◽

Bowman's Capsule

We studied the expression of laminin chains in embryonic and adult human kidney by indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). In embryonic human kidney, immunoreactivity for laminin alpha 1, beta 1, and gamma 1 chains was found in basement membranes (BMs) of primary vesicles, in comma- and S-shaped bodies, and in more mature stages of glomeruli and in tubules. The beta 2 chain of laminin was absent in the early glomerular structures but was prominent in BMs of maturing glomeruli (GBMs) and Bowman's capsule (BCBMs) and was also detectable in some tubules. Both the beta 2 and alpha 2 chains were variably seen in medullary tubule BMs. In adult human kidney, laminin alpha 1 chain was seen in GBMs and all tubule BMs (TBMs) as well as in arterial smooth muscle BMs (SMBMs). Laminin beta 1 chain reactivity was found in all TBMs, but not in GBMs or SMBMs. In the glomerulus, a distinct mesangial type of reaction was revealed with the MAbs to beta 1 and alpha 2 chains. The GBMs and SMBMs reacted with MAbs to the beta 2 chain, but reactivity was lacking in BCBMs. Laminin gamma 1 chain immunoreactivity was weakly present in BCBMs, GBMs, and SMBMs. The alpha 3 and beta 3 chains could not be detected in developing or adult human nephron. The results show that during development the BMs in human nephron undergo distinct changes, laminin beta 1 chain being transiently co-expressed with alpha 1 chain during early glomerular development and then becoming replaced by the beta 2 chain, which, on the other hand, disappears from the BCBMs on maturation. The alpha 2 chain appears to emerge in the mesangium late during development.

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Study of the Normal Human Kidney and Kidney Cancer with Monoclonal Antibodies

Uremia Investigation ◽

10.3109/08860228409115852 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 8 (3-4) ◽

pp. 263-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Neil H. Bander

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Kidney Cancer ◽

Human Kidney ◽

Normal Human Kidney ◽

Normal Human

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Evaluation of the binding properties of monoclonal antibodies submitted to third international IASLC workshop on lung tumor and differentiation antigens to neural cell adhesion molecule

International Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1002/ijc.2910570706 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 57 (S8) ◽

pp. 30-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Takamatsu ◽

B. Auerbach ◽

R. Gerardy-Schahn ◽

G. Jaques ◽

D. Krause ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽

Lung Tumor ◽

Neural Cell ◽

Binding Properties ◽

Differentiation Antigens ◽

Neural Cell Adhesion

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Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to guinea pig lymphoid differentiation antigens

Journal of Immunological Methods ◽

10.1016/0022-1759(83)90429-5 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 247-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Joe Chiba ◽

Thomas M. Chused ◽

William M. Leiserson ◽

Stephen E. Zweig ◽

Ethan M. Shevach

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Differentiation Antigens

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Human macrophage maturation and heterogeneity: analysis with a newly generated set of monoclonal antibodies to differentiation antigens

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v67.5.1257.bloodjournal6751257 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 1257-1264 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R Andreesen ◽

KJ Bross ◽

J Osterholz ◽

F Emmrich

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Cell Lineage ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Human Macrophage ◽

Blood Monocytes ◽

Differentiation Antigens

We have analyzed the expression of late differentiation antigens during terminal in vitro maturation of human macrophages (M phi) from blood monocytes (MO) in comparison to their distribution among mature M phi residing in various tissue sites. By immunizing mice with M phi derived from blood MO by culture on hydrophobic Teflon foils, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed (MAX.1, MAX.2, MAX.3, MAX.11) that reacted with lineage-restricted differentiation antigens. These antigens were expressed exclusively on M phi or were markedly increased after in vitro differentiation. The only overlap to another hemopoietic cell lineage was observed with MAX.3, which is shared by platelets and megakaryocytes. In the course of M phi maturation in vitro, the MAX.1 and MAX.3 antigens are detected within the cytoplasm two days before they appear on the cell surface. In contrast, the MAX.11 antigen is expressed simultaneously in the cytoplasm and at the cell surface, is found in varying degrees on a minor portion of blood MO and U937 cells, and is expressed rapidly at high density during early M phi differentiation in vitro. Among conventional mAbs that do not react with MO we found those against the transferrin (TF)-receptor, the BA-2, and the PCA1 antigen to label M phi. M phi matured in vivo and isolated from body fluids were positive with some but not all MAX mAbs. Distinctive patterns were observed with pulmonary M phi, exudate M phi from pleural and peritoneal effusions, synovial fluids, and early lactation milk. M phi from the alveolar space, for example, constantly expressed the MAX.2 antigen but not the MAX.3 antigen. Pleural effusion M phi, however, did not react with the MAX.1 mAb, but in most cases, it did react with the MAX.3 mAb. The detection of novel differentiation antigens, all expressed on monocyte-derived M phi but differently expressed on site-specific M phi in situ, underlines the remarkable heterogeneity among human M phi. The expression of these antigens is flexible because those MAX antigens that were not expressed in situ could be induced if cells from distinct tissue sites were cultured in vitro for several days. MAX mAbs may be of potential value to study both the sequential stages of maturation within the M phi lineage as well as differential developments induced by various culture conditions in parallel to environmental factors in vivo.

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Analysis of human bone marrow with monoclonal antibodies.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/33.12.2415573 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 1183-1189 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P J Thurlow ◽

L Kerrigan ◽

R A Harris ◽

I F McKenzie

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Cell Types ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

Simple Method ◽

Antigenic Phenotype ◽

Beta 2 Microglobulin ◽

Cellular Phenotypes

In order to study the antigenic phenotype of different hemopoietic cells, we used a series of monoclonal antibodies to investigate normal bone marrow in a standard immunofluorescence assay. The antibodies detected the following antigens: HLA-ABC, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), HLA-DR (Ia), a lymphocyte subset and specific antigen (T and B) HuLy-m2, m3, T lymphocyte antigen (HuLy-m1), lymphocyte T200 antigen (HuLy-m4), a viral-associated antigen (HuLy-m5), and platelet-specific glycoproteins IIb-IIIa (HuPl-m1). The following results were obtained: (a) normoblasts were weakly HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+ and Ia-; all other lymphocyte and platelet antigens were not detected. (b) Myeloid cells at all stages of differentiation (promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and neutrophils) were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; HuLy-m1-, m2-, m3+/- (20%), m4+, m5+/- (20%); HuPl-m1-; in addition, promyelocytes and myelocytes were Ia+ but neutrophils and metamyelocytes were Ia-. (c) Lymphocytes were HLA-ABC+, beta 2m+, Ia+/- (20-30%), HuLy-m1+/- (40-50%), m2+/- (60-70%), m3+, m4+, m5+; Pl-m1-. (d) Platelets and megakaryocytes were HLA-ABC+; beta 2m+; Ia-; HuLy-m1+-, m2-, m3-, m4-, m5-, HuPl-m1+, and the putative "megakaryocyte precursors" were HuPl-m1+, Ia-, HuLy-m1-. The different cell types in bone marrow could readily be distinguished, particularly cells of the myeloid series (Ia and HuLy-m4, m5), lymphocytes (Ia and HuLy-m1, m2, m3), and platelets and their precursor cells (HuPl-m1). This simple method of defining cellular phenotypes in bone marrow has demonstrated the practicality of using monoclonal antibodies to identify marrow cells and should be of diagnostic value.

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Monoclonal antibodies to heparan sulfate proteoglycan: Development and application to the study of normal tissue and pathologic human kidney biopsies

Connective Tissue Research ◽

10.3109/03008208809019069 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 9-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Eva Kemeny ◽

Howard M. Fillit ◽

Shridhar Damle ◽

Ram Mahabir ◽

Nicholas A. Kefalides ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Heparan Sulfate ◽

Normal Tissue ◽

Human Kidney ◽

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan ◽

Sulfate Proteoglycan

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Monoclonal antibodies to laminin reveal the heterogeneity of basement membranes in the developing and adult mouse tissues.

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.98.3.971 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 971-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Y J Wan ◽

T C Wu ◽

A E Chung ◽

I Damjanov

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Adult Mouse ◽

Basement Membranes ◽

Newborn Mouse ◽

Preimplantation Stage ◽

Mouse Tissues ◽

Reichert's Membrane ◽

Anatomic Locations ◽

Immunohistochemical Studies

Two monoclonal antibodies raised against laminin isolated from a mouse parietal yolk sac cell line were used for immunohistochemical studies of basement membranes of the mouse embryo and various fetal and adult tissues. No immunoreactivity with either of the two monoclonal antibodies could be detected in the preimplantation-stage embryos, although it has been shown that these embryos contain extracellular laminin reactive with the conventional polyclonal antilaminin antibodies. Reichert's membrane in early postimplantation stages of development reacted with the monoclonal antibody LAM-I but not with the antibody LAM-II. However, from day 8 of pregnancy onward the Reichert's membrane reacted with both antibodies. Basement membranes of the embryo proper were unreactive with both monoclonal antibodies until day 12 of pregnancy. By day 14 some basement membranes of the fetal tissues became reactive with one or both monoclonal antibodies, whereas others remained still unreactive. In the 17-d fetus and the newborn mouse most of the basement membranes reacted with both monoclonal antibodies, whereas others still reacted with only one. Similar heterogeneity in the immunoreactivity of basement membranes of various tissues was noted in the adult mouse as well. These results indicate that the immunoreactivity of laminin in the extracellular matrix changes during development and that the basement membranes in various anatomic locations display heterogeneity even in the adult mouse.

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