Phase relations in the system PbS-PbSe-PbTe

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (393) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Liu ◽  
L. L. Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Interaction Parameter ◽  
Phase Relations ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Complete Solid Solution ◽  
Miscibility Gaps ◽  
Subregular Model

AbstractPhase relations in the system PbS-PbSe-PbTe were investigated in the temperature range between 1150 and 300°C. There is a complete solid solution series along the join PbS-PbSe, whereas miscibility gaps exist below ∼ 350°C and 805°C along joins PbSe-PbTe and PbS-PbTe, respectively. Both gaps extend into the ternary system, and the range of the gap between PbS and PbTe reduces in size with temperature as well as Se-content.By using the subregular model of mixing (Ganguly and Saxena, 1987), mixing energetics and activity composition relations of PbX were derived. The temperature-dependence of the interaction parameters was calculated to be 5057.6 − 1.7T, 9605.2 − 4.4T, 3933.2 − 3.1T (T < 500°C), 6410.3 − 6.35T (T < 500°C) 1649 − 0.26T, 1594.6 − 0.2T, and 12906.3 − 17.3T for WWSte, WTeS, WSeTe, WTeSe, WSSe, WSeS, and WSSeTe, respectively. A critical temperature along the join PbS-PbSe at ∼ 100°C was obtained from interaction parameter calculation, which suggests the separation of the PbS-PbSe series.Correlation of solid-solution ranges established in this study with natural occurrences was made.

Subsolidus phase relations in La2O3–Bi2O3–CuO

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Chen ◽  
W. Eysel
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Binary Compound ◽  
Phase Relations ◽  
Ternary Solid Solution ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Subsolidus Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Series

The subsolidus phase relations in the ternary system La2O3–Bi2O3–CuO at 900 °C were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction. A new binary compound, Bi2La4O9, was found, as well as a binary and a ternary solid solution series, Bi1−xLaxO1.5 (0.16≤x≤0.33) and La2−xBixCuO4 (0≤x≤0.11), respectively.

Carbonates of the magnesite–siderite series from four carbonatite complexes

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (376) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Buckley ◽  
A. R. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Partial Melting ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Liquidus Phase ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complete Solid Solution ◽  
Textural Evidence

AbstractCarbonates of the magnesite-siderite series have been found and analysed in carbonatites from the Lueshe, Newania, Kangankunde, and Chipman Lake complexes. This series has been represented until now only by a few X-ray identifications of magnesite and three published analyses of siderite and breunnerite (magnesian siderite). Most of the siderite identified in carbonatites in the past has proved to be ankerite, but the new data define the complete solid-solution series from magnesite to siderite. They occur together with dolomite and ankerite and in one rock with calcite. The magnesites, ferroan magnesites and some magnesian siderites may be metasomatic/hydrothermal in origin but magnesian siderite from Chipman Lake appears to have crystallized in the two-phase calcite + siderite field in the subsolidus CaCO3-MgCO3-FeCO3 system. Textural evidence in Newania carbonatites indicates that ferroan magnesite, which co-exists with ankerite, is a primary liquidus phase and it is proposed that the Newania carbonatite evolved directly from a Ca-poor, Mg-rich carbonatitic liquid generated by partial melting of phlogopite-carbonate peridotite in the mantle at pressures >32 kbar.

The crystal chemistry of the solid solution series between chalcostibite (CuSbS2) and emplectite (CuBiS2)

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (404) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Razmara ◽  
C. M. B. Henderson ◽  
R. A. D. Pattrick ◽  
A. M. T. Bell ◽  
J. M. Charnock
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Cell Parameter ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Waller Factor ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Debye Waller Factor ◽  
Complete Solid Solution

AbstractSulphosalts in the system CuSbS2-CuBiS2 (chalcostibite-emplectite) form a complete solid solution series. Seven compositions with the general formula Cu(SbxBi1–x)S2 have been synthesized using dry methods at 310°C. All members of the series are orthorhombic (space group Pnma) and show smoothly increasing a and b cell parameters with substitution of Bi for Sb; the c cell parameter increases up to 50% CuBiS2 substitution and then becomes constant. DSC experiments on CuBiS2 show an endothermic heat effect (2.45 kJ/mol.) at 472°C due to the breakdown reaction to Cu3BiS3 (wittichenite) plus Bi2S3 (bismuthinite). With the addition of 10% CuSbS2 to CuBiS2, the decomposition temperature increases and the endothermic peak is broadened but the energy remains essentially the same (2.53 kJ/mol.). No evidence of this decomposition was observed when the amount of the CuSbS2 component was >30%. The local structure and co-ordination of Cu in the samples were studied by EXAFS analysis of the Cu-K edge but no significant variation occurs in the local Cu environment. The Debye-Waller factor for the first shell of S atoms surrounding Cu in end member CuSbS2 tends to be slightly smaller than for the intermediate solid solutions, suggesting that the tetrahedral Cu environments in the intermediate composition samples is somewhat more disordered than in the end-member. The low expansion characteristics along c appear to be controlled by the linkages between the (CuS3 + BiS2) sheets perpendicular to c being relatively inflexible.

A Review of the XRD Data of the Phases Present in the CaO-SrO-CuO System

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Reardon ◽  
Camden R. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
Reference Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Xrd Patterns

AbstractX-ray powder patterns for the phases in the CaO-SrO-CuO ternary system, along with the corresponding crystal structures, were obtained from the literature and from the Powder Diffraction File. Available XRD patterns were compared with each other and with a calculated pattern for each phase, yielding a recommended reference pattern. The simulated powder patterns presented here deal with the phases found within the (Ca,Sr)O, (Ca,Sr)2CuO3, (Ca,Sr)14Cu24O41, (Ca,Sr)CuO2, (Ca,Sr)Cu2O3, and (Ca,Sr)Cu2O2 solid solution series and are recommended for the Powder Diffraction File (PDF).

Investigation of (Sr4−δCaδ)PtO6 using X-ray Rietveld refinement

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wong-Ng ◽  
J. A. Kaduk ◽  
R. A. Young ◽  
F. Jiang ◽  
L. J. Swartzendruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Rietveld Refinement ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Complete Solid Solution ◽  
Ca Ions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The structures of the solid solution series (Sr4−δCaδ)PtO6, with δ=0, 0.85(1), 2, and 3, have been investigated using the Rietveld refinement technique with laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data. A complete solid solution between Sr and Ca was confirmed to exist. These compounds crystallize in the rhombohedral space group R3¯c. The cell parameters of the series range from a of 9.4780(3) to 9.7477(1) Å, and c from 11.3301(4) to 11.8791(1) Å for δ from 3 to 0, respectively. The structure consists of chains of alternating trigonal prismatic (Sr, Ca)O6 and octahedral PtO6 units running parallel to the c axis. These chains are connected to each other via a second type of (Sr, Ca) ions, which are surrounded by eight oxygens, in a distorted square antiprismatic geometry. As Ca replaced Sr in Sr4PtO6, it was found to substitute preferentially in the smaller octahedral (Sr, Ca)1 site (6a) rather than at the eight-coordinate (Sr, Ca)2 site (18e). There appears to be an anomaly of cell parameters a and c at the compound Sr3.15Ca0.85PtO6. Their dependence on Ca content changes at δ≈1.00, where the Ca has fully replaced Sr in the 6a site. The substitution of Sr by Ca reduced the average (Sr, Ca)1–O length from 2.411 to 2.311 Å and (Sr, Ca)2–O from 2.659 to 2.570 Å as the composition varied from Sr4PtO6 to SrCa3PtO6. Reference X-ray powder diffraction patterns were prepared from the Rietveld refinement results for these members of the solid solution series. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of three of the samples (δ=0, 0.85, 2) show electronic transitions at low temperatures.

Miscibility Gaps in Fused Salts. Note X. The Reciprocal Ternary System K, Li/Br, F

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 836-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Margheritis ◽  
Giorgio Flor ◽  
Cesare Sinistri
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Interaction Parameters ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Solution Theory ◽  
Ionic Solution ◽  
Fused Salts ◽  
Miscibility Gaps ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Stable Diagonal

Solid-liquid and liquid-liquid equilibria in the reciprocal ternary system K, Li/Br, F were fully measured.The projection of the miscibility gap occupies 20.8% of the composition square; the upper critical point of the gap is along the stable diagonal at 953°C and xLIF = 0.70.Attempts to predict the liquid-liquid equilibria by means of the conformal ionic solution theory using temperature independent interaction parameters lead to an incorrect symmetry of the gap. The symmetry can be improved if the temperature dependence of the interaction parameters of the binary mixtures is taken into account.

THE SYSTEM: ALUMINIUM–INDIUM–SILVER: PART I. THE BINARY AND TERNARY MISCIBILITY GAPS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
R. Wagemann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Miscibility Gap ◽  
Partial Miscibility ◽  
Miscibility Gaps

The miscibility gap in the binary system: Al–In has been investigated and the critical temperature and composition estimated as 945 °C and 68.8% In, 31.2% Al (by weight).The liquid–liquid partial miscibility region of the ternary system has also been determined. The lowest temperature at which two liquids can exist in equilibrium before a third (solid) phase appears was found to be approximately 590°. At this temperature, the ternary gap extends to 30.5% Ag, 34.7% Al, and 34.8 In. Isotherms of the ternary gap are given for 50° intervals between 650° and 900°. A true ternary critical point does not exist, i.e. the binary critical temperature is lowered continuously by addition of silver.

Sodic amphiboles in fenites from the Loe Shilman carbonatite complex, NW Pakistan

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (356) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mian ◽  
M. J. Le Bas
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Iron Oxidation ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Complete Solid Solution ◽  
Oxidation Ratio ◽  
Dark Blue

AbstractThe carbonatites at Loe Shilman, near Khyber in NW Pakistan, fenitize their country rocks to form a metasomatic zone c.100 m wide of alternate dark blue (mafic) and pale grey (felsic) banded fenites which grade into unfenitized bedded slates and phyllites. The Na-amphiboles in the banded fenites form a complete solid solution series between magnesio-arfvedsonite and magnesio-riebeckite which coexist with varying proportions of aegirine, albite, and K-feldspar, with or without phlogopite or biotite.The amphiboles show a gradual decrease in Na2O, K2O, Mg ratio [100Mg/(Mg + FeT + Mn)] and iron oxidation ratio, and an increase in total iron away from the carbonatite contact. The pleochroism correlates with the chemistry and distance from the carbonatite contact.The Mg ratio decreases from 74 to 35 away from the carbonatite contact. The iron oxidation ratio [100Fe3+/ (Fe3+ + Fe2+)] decreases in the magnesio-arfvedsonite for the first 30 metres from the carbonatite contact, and then increases in the magnesio-riebeckite from 40 to 60 metres from the carbonatite contact. K relative to Na decreases away from the contact in the amphibole, and the decrease in K causes an increase in vacancy in the A site. The main variation in the chemistry in this solid solution series is due to (K,Na)A+(Mg,Fe2+)c ⇌ □ + (Fe3+)c substitution.

A Review of the XRD Data of the Phases Present in the CaO-SrO-PbO System

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Reardon ◽  
Camden R. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
Reference Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Series ◽  
Xrd Patterns

AbstractX-ray powder patterns for the phases in the CaO-SrO-PbO ternary system, along with the corresponding crystal structures, were obtained from the literature and from the Powder Diffraction File. Available XRD patterns were compared with each other and with a simulated pattern for each phase, yielding a recommended reference pattern. The simulated powder patterns presented here deal with the phases found within the (Ca,Sr)2PbO4solid solution series and are recommended for the Powder Diffraction File (PDF).

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