scholarly journals The Effect of Cold on Platelets. III. Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism After Brief Storage at Cold Temperature

Blood ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman E. Kattlove ◽  
Dorothy Mormino
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism

Abstract The effect of cold on platelet adenine nucleotide (PAN) metabolism was studied. Spontaneous aggregation which occurs when chilled platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is simultaneously warmed and stirred was not accompanied by the changes in adenine nucleotides associated with the release reaction. Connective tissue caused the release of the same amount of ADP and conversion of equal amounts of ATP to IMP and hypoxanthine in cold-stored platelets as it did in room temperature stored platelets. However, cold did have an important effect on PAN. In PRP stored at cold (0° C, 3° C) temperatures and warmed up to 37° C in the presence of 3H adenine, there was an increase in the conversion of adenine to its metabolites and ultimately to hypoxanthine as compared to PRP stored at warmer temperatures. This effect could not be prevented by ouabain, prostaglandin E1, antibody to immunoglobulin M or adenosine.

The Platelet of the Newborn Infant – Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism and Release

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 099-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Whaun ◽  
P Lievaart ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism

SummaryBlood from normal full term infants, mothers and normal adults was collected in citrate. Citrated platelet-rich plasma was prelabelled with 3H-adenine and reacted with release inducers, collagen and adrenaline. Adenine nucleotide metabolism, total adenine nucleotide levels and changes in sizes of these pools were determined in platelets from these three groups of subjects.At rest, the platelet of the newborn infant, compared to that of the mother and normal adult, possessed similar amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 4.6 ± 0.2 (SD), 5.0 ± 1.1, 4.9 ± 0.6 µmoles ATP/1011 platelets respectively, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), 2.4 ± 0.7, 2.8 ± 0.6, 3.0 ± 0.3 umoles ADP/1011 platelets respectively. However the marked elevation of specific radioactivity of ADP and ATP in these resting platelets indicated the platelet of the neonate has decreased adenine nucleotide stores.In addition to these decreased stores of adenine nucleotides, infant platelets showed significantly impaired release of ADP and ATP on exposure to collagen. The release of ADP in infants, mothers, and other adults was 0.9 ± 0.5 (SD), 1.5 ± 0.5, 1.5 ± 0.1 umoles/1011 platelets respectively; that of ATP was 0.6 ± 0.3, 1.0 ± 0.1,1.3 ± 0.2 µmoles/1011 platelets respectively. With collagen-induced release, platelets of newborn infants compared to those of other subjects showed only slight increased specific radioactivities of adenine nucleotides over basal levels. The content of metabolic hypoxanthine, a breakdown product of adenine nucleotides, increased in both platelets and plasma in all subjects studied.In contrast, with adrenaline as release inducer, the platelets of the newborn infant showed no adenine nucleotide release, no change in total ATP and level of radioactive hypoxanthine, and minimal change in total ADP. The reason for this decreased adrenaline reactivity of infant platelets compared to reactivity of adult platelets is unknown.Infant platelets may have different membranes, with resulting differences in regulation of cellular processes, or alternatively, may be refractory to catecholamines because of elevated levels of circulating catecholamines in the newborn period.

Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism of Human Platelets

1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
M Murakami ◽  
K Odake
Keyword(s):  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Layer Chromatography

SummaryAfter platelet-rich plasma was incubated with radioactive adenine, radioactive adenine nucleotides in platelets were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography.Radioactive adenine was selectively incorporated into adenine nucleotides. Gradual decomposition of labelled nucleotides was observed after longer period of incubation. Radioactive ATP, ADP, AMP, IMP, and hypoxanthine were separated from PCA extract of platelets. On the other hand, radioactive adenine and hypoxanthine were separated from platelet-poor plasma.After thrombin treatment, radioactive ATP in platelets broke down rapidly, while radioactive ADP decreased more slowly. Radioactive AMP increased at first in the cellular and supernatant fractions, and then decreased gradually. The accumulation of radioactive hypoxanthine was observed in the supernatant fraction. Released radioactive ATP and ADP were 23% and 22% of the initial radioactive ATP and ADP in platelets, respectively.

scholarly journals L-Arginine Intake Effect on Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism in Rat Parenchymal and Reproductive Tissues

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kocic ◽  
J. Nikolic ◽  
T. Jevtovic-Stoimenov ◽  
D. Sokolovic ◽  
H. Kocic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Amp Deaminase ◽  
Male Impotence ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Adenosine Concentration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

L-arginine is conditionally essetcial amino acid, required for normal cell growth, protein synthesis, ammonia detoxification, tissue growth and general performance, proposed in the treatment of men sterility and prevention of male impotence. The aim of the present paper was to estimate the activity of the enzymes of adenine nucleotide metabolism:5′-nucleotidase (5′-NU), adenosine deaminase (ADA), AMP deaminase, and xanthine oxidase (XO), during dietary intake of L-arginine for a period of four weeks of male Wistar rats. Adenosine concentration in tissues is maintained by the relative activities of the adenosine-producing enzyme,5′-NU and the adenosine-degrading enzyme-ADA adenosine deaminase. Dietary L-arginine intake directed adenine nucleotide metabolism in liver, kidney, and testis tissue toward the activation of adenosine production, by increased5′-NU activity and decreased ADA activity. Stimulation of adenosine accumulation could be of importance in mediating arginine antiatherosclerotic, vasoactive, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. Assuming that the XO activity reflects the rate of purine catabolism in the cell, while the activity of AMP deaminase is of importance in ATP regeneration, reduced activity of XO, together with the increased AMP-deaminase activity, may suggest that adenine nucleotides are presumably directed to the ATP regenerating process during dietary L-arginine intake.

scholarly journals Nucleotide and Serotonin Metabolism in Platelets With Defective Secondary Aggregation

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. Pareti ◽  
H. J. Day ◽  
D. C. B. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Serotonin Metabolism ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Atp Breakdown ◽  
Platelet Defects ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Pool

Abstract Ten patients with qualitative platelet defects have been investigated. All of the patients had impairment of secondary platelet aggregation induced by ADP, epinephrine, and collagen, and a defective release reaction. In seven patients from four families, the abnormality was consistent with the lack of a metabolically inert adenine nucleotide pool. Four of these patients, from two families, were albinos. Platelets from all of these patients had lower than normal amounts of adenine nucleotides and 5HT; the ability of these platelets to incorporate the amine was reduced and 5HT was metabolized at an abnormally rapid rate in platelet-rich plasma. It was not possible to distinguish the defect present in the albinos from that in the normally pigmented patients. Three other patients had normal amounts of platelet adenine nucleotides and 5HT; platelet aggregation and the release of adenine nucleotides induced by collagen were impaired. Metabolic ATP breakdown, during collagen aggregation, was also decreased. This defect is similar to that induced in normal platelets by aspirin. Studies on intracellular synthesis of cyclic 3'5' AMP in both groups of patients showed that the platelets were normally responsive to PGE1 and the antagonism of PGE1 by ADP and by epinephrine was also normal.

Increases of cell ATP produced by exogenous adenine nucleotides in isolated rabbit kidney tubules

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (4) ◽  
pp. F720-F733 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Weinberg ◽  
H. D. Humes
Keyword(s):  
Cell Injury ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Kidney Tubules ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Functional Consequences

The effects of exogenous nucleotides on adenine nucleotide metabolism and cell cation levels in normal and O2-deprived isolated rabbit kidney tubules were studied to gain insight into ways in which exogenous nucleotides could contribute to ameliorating O2 deprivation-induced injury. In control oxygenated tubules, 250 microM exogenous ATP, ADP, or AMP resulted in two- to threefold increases of cell ATP over 75-90 min of incubation and smaller relative increases of ADP and AMP. GTP was not increased. Exogenous adenosine, inosine, and hypoxanthine were substantially less effective at increasing intracellular nucleotides than equimolar concentrations of exogenous nucleotides. Nucleotide-treated cells had higher levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ than untreated cells. Treatment of O2-deprived tubules with exogenous Mg-ATP improved recovery of ATP levels following O2 deprivation, and tubules with mild injury increased their ATP levels to supranormal values such as those seen in control oxygenated tubules treated with nucleotides. Increases of tubule cell ATP levels required ongoing oxidative metabolism and thus were not evident until the reoxygenation recovery period. Exogenous ATP produced some improvement of other injury-associated metabolic parameters but did not substantially alter the overall pattern of tubule susceptibility to lethal cell injury. Allopurinol did not affect the behavior of oxygenated or O2-deprived tubules irrespective of the presence of exogenous ATP. These data clarify the potential for manipulating intracellular ATP levels with exogenous nucleotides and the functional consequences of such manipulation in oxygenated and O2-deprived renal tubule cells.

scholarly journals The effect of platelet concentrate storage temperature on adenine nucleotide metabolism

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-756
Author(s):  
DJ Filip ◽  
JD Eckstein ◽  
CA Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Platelet Concentrate ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Red Cell Count ◽  
Ph Decrease ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Pool

The effect of platelet concentrate storage temperature (4 degrees C versus 22 degrees C) on platelet adenine nucleotide metabolism was studied. In general, levels of platelet ATP and ADP, the release reaction, and the metabolis nucleotide pool were best preserved for 72 hr by storage of concentrates at 4 degrees C. Storage of concentrates for 72 hr at 22 degrees C was occasionally associated with a pH decrease to less than 6.0, which is incompatible with platelet viability. When the pH fell below 6.0, there was a marked deterioration of platelet adenine nucleotide levels and the release reaction. The results for concentrates stored at 22 degrees C, with a final pH above 6.0, were not inferior to the results for those stored at 4 degrees C. The pH remained above 7.0 in all concentrates stored at 4 degrees C. The pH changes of platelet concentrates stored at 22 degrees C could not solely be attributed to platelet count, red cell count, or bacterial contamination. Storage at both temperatures was associated with conversion of ATP in the metabolic adenine nucleotide pool to hypoxanthine.

Effects of ribose on cardiac metabolism and function in isoproterenol-treated rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (5) ◽  
pp. H880-H886
Author(s):  
H. G. Zimmer ◽  
H. Ibel
Keyword(s):  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Metabolism ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Nucleotide Biosynthesis ◽  
Ventricular Systolic Pressure ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
And Function

Continuous iv infusion of ribose for 5 h in unanesthetized and unrestrained rats treated with isoproterenol (25 mg/kg sc) further enhanced the available pool of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate and the biosynthesis of adenine nucleotides in the myocardium. The increase in adenine nucleotide biosynthesis was of such an extent that the isoproterenol-induced decline of the ATP level (mumol/g) was attenuated after 5 h (isoproterenol + ribose infusion 4.0 +/- 0.2, n = 10; isoproterenol + NaCl infusion 3.5 +/- 0.1, n = 23; control 4.5 + 0.1, n = 38) and prevented after 24 h (isoproterenol + ribose infusion 4.6 +/- 0.3, n = 5; isoproterenol + NaCl infusion 3.2 +/- 0.1, n = 9). Ribose, however, did not affect the isoproterenol-elicited elevation of the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and glucose 6-phosphate content nor did it influence the decline in glycogen. Thus ribose acts primarily via elevation of the cardiac 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate pool. Measurements of hemodynamic parameters with an ultraminiature catheter pressure transducer in intact rats anesthetized with thiobutabarbital sodium revealed that ribose infusion for at least 3 h further enhanced the isoproterenol-elicited increase in left ventricular dP/dtmax by about 20% but did not influence appreciably the rise in heart rate and the fall in left ventricular systolic pressure. Since ribose did not affect the immediate hemodynamic alterations induced by isoproterenol, it appears that it exerts its hemodynamic effects via the pronounced influence on cardiac adenine nucleotide metabolism.

Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism of Human Platelets during Collagen-Induced Aggregation

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 416-424
Author(s):  
M Murakami ◽  
K Yoshino ◽  
M Takase ◽  
K Odake
Keyword(s):  
Light Transmission ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Intracellular Atp ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryChanges in platelet adenine nucleotides during collagen-induced aggregation were estimated. Averaged values of ATP and ADP in intact platelets were 56.3 and 28.9 attomoles per platelet, respectively. After collagen-induced aggregation, intracellular ATP plus ADP was depleted to about half of that in intact platelets. The released ADP accounted for 13% of that in intact platelets.Behavior of platelet adenine nucleotides during aggregation was divided into the following phases. At first, platelet ATP decreased without the release of nucleotides. The release of ADP occurred at the stage of rapid change of light transmission. Subsequently, the released ADP decomposed in parallel with the degradation of intracellular ADP. The radioactive ATP in platelets decreased during exposure to collagen, without appreciable release of radioactive nucleotides. The ATP released from disrupted platelets was rapidly metabolized in plasma.

scholarly journals Studies on the mechanism of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
HE Kattlove ◽  
MH Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Platelet Membranes ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Abstract Adenine nucleotide metabolism and the release reaction were studied during ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. Decreasing platelet ATP by incubation with metabolic poisons did not decrease ristocetin- induced aggregation. ADP and ATP were released from platelets during ristocetin-induced aggregation, and ATP was converted to hypoxanthine. However, these occurred after aggregation was almost complete. Aggregation was inhibited by p-choromercuribenzoic acid. By studying platelet suspensions, we were able to determine that this effect was on platelets and not on the plasma cofactor needed for aggregation. We postulate that ristocetin and its cofactor aggregate platelets by binding platelet membranes and that the platelet plays a passive role in this reaction.

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