scholarly journals Immune profiles in acute myeloid leukemia bone marrow associate with patient age, T-cell receptor clonality, and survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Brück ◽  
Olli Dufva ◽  
Helena Hohtari ◽  
Sami Blom ◽  
Riku Turkki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Disease Classification ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract The immunologic microenvironment in various solid tumors is aberrant and correlates with clinical survival. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the immune environment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bone marrow (BM) at diagnosis. We compared the immunologic landscape of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded BM trephine samples from AML (n = 69), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; n = 56), and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients (n = 52) at diagnosis to controls (n = 12) with 30 immunophenotype markers using multiplex immunohistochemistry and computerized image analysis. We identified distinct immunologic profiles specific for leukemia subtypes and controls enabling accurate classification of AML (area under the curve [AUC] = 1.0), CML (AUC = 0.99), B-ALL (AUC = 0.96), and control subjects (AUC = 1.0). Interestingly, 2 major immunologic AML clusters differing in age, T-cell receptor clonality, and survival were discovered. A low proportion of regulatory T cells and pSTAT1+cMAF− monocytes were identified as novel biomarkers of superior event-free survival in intensively treated AML patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that AML BM and peripheral blood samples are dissimilar in terms of immune cell phenotypes. To conclude, our study shows that the immunologic landscape considerably varies by leukemia subtype suggesting disease-specific immunoregulation. Furthermore, the association of the AML immune microenvironment with clinical parameters suggests a rationale for including immunologic parameters to improve disease classification or even patient risk stratification.

scholarly journals Single cell T cell landscape and T cell receptor repertoire profiling of AML in context of PD-1 blockade therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein A. Abbas ◽  
Dapeng Hao ◽  
Katarzyna Tomczak ◽  
Praveen Barrodia ◽  
Jin Seon Im ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
T Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Cell Phenotypes ◽  
Acute Myeloid

AbstractIn contrast to the curative effect of allogenic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia via T cell activity, only modest responses are achieved with checkpoint-blockade therapy, which might be explained by T cell phenotypes and T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires. Here, we show by paired single-cell RNA analysis and TCR repertoire profiling of bone marrow cells in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia patients pre/post azacytidine+nivolumab treatment that the disease-related T cell subsets are highly heterogeneous, and their abundance changes following PD-1 blockade-based treatment. TCR repertoires expand and primarily emerge from CD8+ cells in patients responding to treatment or having a stable disease, while TCR repertoires contract in therapy-resistant patients. Trajectory analysis reveals a continuum of CD8+ T cell phenotypes, characterized by differential expression of granzyme B and a bone marrow-residing memory CD8+ T cell subset, in which a population with stem-like properties expressing granzyme K is enriched in responders. Chromosome 7/7q loss, on the other hand, is a cancer-intrinsic genomic marker of PD-1 blockade resistance in AML. In summary, our study reveals that adaptive T cell plasticity and genomic alterations determine responses to PD-1 blockade in acute myeloid leukemia.

scholarly journals An anti–PR1/HLA-A2 T-cell receptor–like antibody mediates complement-dependent cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia progenitor cells

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (16) ◽  
pp. 4262-4272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sergeeva ◽  
Gheath Alatrash ◽  
Hong He ◽  
Kathryn Ruisaard ◽  
Sijie Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Specific Lysis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract PR1 (VLQELNVTV) is a human leukocyte antigen-A2 (HLA-A2)–restricted leukemia-associated peptide from proteinase 3 (P3) and neutrophil elastase (NE) that is recognized by PR1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes that contribute to cytogenetic remission of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report a novel T-cell receptor (TCR)–like immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) antibody (8F4) with high specific binding affinity (dissociation constant [KD] = 9.9nM) for a combined epitope of the PR1/HLA-A2 complex. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy of 8F4-labeled cells showed significantly higher PR1/HLA-A2 expression on AML blasts compared with normal leukocytes (P = .046). 8F4 mediated complement-dependent cytolysis of AML blasts and Lin−CD34+CD38− leukemia stem cells (LSCs) but not normal leukocytes (P < .005). Although PR1 expression was similar on LSCs and hematopoietic stem cells, 8F4 inhibited AML progenitor cell growth, but not normal colony-forming units from healthy donors (P < .05). This study shows that 8F4, a novel TCR-like antibody, binds to a conformational epitope of the PR1/HLA-A2 complex on the cell surface and mediates specific lysis of AML, including LSCs. Therefore, this antibody warrants further study as a novel approach to targeting leukemia-initiating cells in patients with AML.

Improved Outcome With T-Cell–Depleted Bone Marrow Transplantation for Acute Leukemia

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1545-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Aversa ◽  
Adelmo Terenzi ◽  
Alessandra Carotti ◽  
Rita Felicini ◽  
Roberta Jacucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Antithymocyte Globulin ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Acute Myeloid

PURPOSE: To eliminate the risk of rejection and lower the risk of relapse after T-cell–depleted bone marrow transplants in acute leukemia patients, we enhanced pretransplant immunosuppression and myeloablation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Antithymocyte globulin and thiotepa were added to standard total-body irradiation/cyclophosphamide conditioning. Donor bone marrows were depleted ex vivo of T lymphocytes by soybean agglutination and E-rosetting. This approach was tested in 54 consecutive patients with acute leukemia who received transplants from HLA-identical sibling donors or, in two cases, from family donors mismatched at D-DR. No posttransplant immunosuppressive treatment was given as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. RESULTS: Neither graft rejection nor GVHD occurred. Transplant-related deaths occurred in six (16.6%) of 36 patients in remission and in seven (38.8%) of 18 patients in relapse at the time of transplantation. The probability of relapse was .12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0 to .19) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia and .28 (95% CI, .05 to .51) for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received transplants at the first or second remission. At a median follow-up of 6.9 years (minimum follow-up, 4.9 years), event-free survival for patients who received transplants while in remission was .74 (95% CI, .54 to .93) for acute myeloid leukemia patients and .59 (95% CI, .35 to .82) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. All surviving patients have 100% performance status. CONCLUSION: Adding antithymocyte globulin and thiotepa to the conditioning regimen prevents rejection of extensively T-cell–depleted bone marrow. Even in the complete absence of GVHD, the leukemia relapse rate is not higher than in unmanipulated transplants.

scholarly journals Acute myeloid leukemia with T-lymphoid features: a distinct biologic and clinical entity

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-587
Author(s):  
AH Cross ◽  
RM Goorha ◽  
R Nuss ◽  
FG Behm ◽  
SB Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

We studied the clinical and biologic features of 10 cases of acute leukemia that met standard French-American-British (FAB) criteria for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but in which the blast cells also expressed the T-cell-associated CD2 surface antigen. All cases had greater than 3% myeloperoxidase and Sudan black B-positive leukemic blasts, and blasts from seven cases contained Auer rods. Reactivity of the cells with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) indicated that leukemic cells in all cases expressed myeloid-associated (CD11b, CD13) surface antigens, further supporting the diagnosis of AML. However, blasts from every patient coexpressed the T-cell-associated surface CD2 and CD7 as well as cytoplasmic CD3 antigens. Blasts from five patients expressed surface CD25, whereas blasts from only one expressed surface CD3. Five patients had rearranged T-cell receptor beta-chain genes, whereas only three had rearranged T-cell receptor gamma-chain genes. This pattern of lineage-related gene expression appears to define a distinct subtype of AML with T-lymphoid features (CD2+ AML) and could reflect either aberrant gene expression in leukemic blasts or transformation of a pluripotent stem cell having a flexible pattern of gene expression. Clinically, these 10 patients presented at an older age with a higher leukocyte count and a higher frequency of lymphadenopathy than did children whose blast cells were characteristic of myeloid leukemia. Patients with CD2+ AML also had poorer responses to remission induction therapy (50% v 80% entered complete remission, P = .05). However, each of the five children who failed induction chemotherapy on AML protocols had a striking response to drug combinations usually reserved for lymphoid leukemia. We conclude that this leukemia with mixed lymphoid and myeloid characteristics is a distinct biologic and clinical entity.

scholarly journals Solitary expression of CD7 among T-cell antigens in acute myeloid leukemia: identification of a group of patients with similar T-cell receptor beta and delta rearrangements and course of disease suggestive of poor prognosis

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1292-1300
Author(s):  
AW Jensen ◽  
M Hokland ◽  
H Jorgensen ◽  
J Justesen ◽  
J Ellegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Allogenic Bone ◽  
T Cell Antigens ◽  
Acute Myeloid

In a series of 100 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients defined by cytochemistry and immunophenotyping, 20 expressed T-lymphocyte associated antigens on the surface of their blasts. While 15 expressed two or more T-cell antigens, five were found to express only CD7. All patients belonged to the French-American-British type M4, and four were under the age of 40. Despite intensive chemotherapy, four never obtained a complete remission and the fifth died of relapse after an allogenic bone marrow transplantation. While 12 randomly selected T- cell antigen negative AML patients showed only few rearrangements in Ig- or T-cell receptor (TCR) genes, such genetic alterations were demonstrated in four of five patients for the TCR delta gene and in all patients for the TCR beta gene. Interestingly, DNA fragments of similar size were demonstrated in three of five patients for both the beta and delta genes. These data suggest that the solitary presence of CD7 among T-cell antigens in otherwise clearcut AML cases identifies a group of patients with similarities in antigen receptor gene configuration as well as outcome.

scholarly journals Acute myeloid leukemia with T-lymphoid features: a distinct biologic and clinical entity

Blood ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Cross ◽  
RM Goorha ◽  
R Nuss ◽  
FG Behm ◽  
SB Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Remission Induction ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract We studied the clinical and biologic features of 10 cases of acute leukemia that met standard French-American-British (FAB) criteria for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but in which the blast cells also expressed the T-cell-associated CD2 surface antigen. All cases had greater than 3% myeloperoxidase and Sudan black B-positive leukemic blasts, and blasts from seven cases contained Auer rods. Reactivity of the cells with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) indicated that leukemic cells in all cases expressed myeloid-associated (CD11b, CD13) surface antigens, further supporting the diagnosis of AML. However, blasts from every patient coexpressed the T-cell-associated surface CD2 and CD7 as well as cytoplasmic CD3 antigens. Blasts from five patients expressed surface CD25, whereas blasts from only one expressed surface CD3. Five patients had rearranged T-cell receptor beta-chain genes, whereas only three had rearranged T-cell receptor gamma-chain genes. This pattern of lineage-related gene expression appears to define a distinct subtype of AML with T-lymphoid features (CD2+ AML) and could reflect either aberrant gene expression in leukemic blasts or transformation of a pluripotent stem cell having a flexible pattern of gene expression. Clinically, these 10 patients presented at an older age with a higher leukocyte count and a higher frequency of lymphadenopathy than did children whose blast cells were characteristic of myeloid leukemia. Patients with CD2+ AML also had poorer responses to remission induction therapy (50% v 80% entered complete remission, P = .05). However, each of the five children who failed induction chemotherapy on AML protocols had a striking response to drug combinations usually reserved for lymphoid leukemia. We conclude that this leukemia with mixed lymphoid and myeloid characteristics is a distinct biologic and clinical entity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document