Prevalence and risk factors for resistant hypertension among hypertensive patients from a developing country

Background: To study the prevalence and associated cardiovascular risk factors of ‘Resistant’ hypertension (RHT) in hypertensive patients of India.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 300 hypertensive patients attending ‘Hypertension Clinic’ and providing informed written consent from October 2013 to December 2013 at Burdwan Medical College and hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal in India. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The prevalence of Resistant hypertension was 23.33% among all hypertensives. The patients with Resistant hypertension were significantly associated with older age groups (>55 years) (77.1% vs. 38.3%, p value <0.001, OR 5.446, 95% CI 2.935 and 10.104), Obesity (BMI > 27.5 kg/m2) (67.1% vs. 45.7%, p value 0.002, OR 2.433, 95% CI 1.387 and 4.268), Diabetes mellitus (72.9% vs. 45.2%, p value <0.001, OR 3.252, 95% CI 1.808 and 5.851), Prolonged hypertension (>10 years; 74.3% vs. 43.9%, p value <0.001, OR 3.690, 95% CI 2.033 and 6.696) and co-morbidity like Ischemic Heart Disease (60% vs. 44.8%, p value 0.026, OR 1.850, 95% CI 1.073 and 3.187) as risk factors as compared to patients with non-resistant hypertension. Conclusions: Nearly one fourth of the hypertensive persons were suffering from Resistant hypertension, which was significantly associated with the presence of older age, obesity, diabetes mellitus, longer duration of hypertension and co-morbidity like Ischemic Heart Disease as risk factors. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9737 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 1-5

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08 / RISK FACTORS TO DEVELOP POSTOPERATIVE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WHO UNDERGO LUNG RESECTION SURGERY

10.26226/morressier.5aeb0ac907b0d6001a79a7af ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Diana Catalina Suarez

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Lung Resection ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Hypertensive Patients

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Survey of Hypertensive Patients Visiting Outpatient Clinics in Baghdad Associated Co Morbidities, Diseases and Risk Factors

Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera ◽

10.36872/lepi/v51i2/301118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 589-595

Author(s):

GHAZI FARHAN HAJI

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Hypertensive Patients

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Microalbuminuria in Hypertensive Patients of Tertiary Care Hospital

International Journal of Life-Sciences Scientific Research ◽

10.21276/ijlssr.2017.3.5.20 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 1382-1386

Author(s):

Shiv Shanker Tripathi ◽

Malvika Mishra

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Hypertensive Patients

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Should all Hypertensive Patients be Screened for Primary Aldosteronism?

Current Hypertension Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573402114666180507153549 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 54-56

Author(s):

Stelina Alkagiet ◽

Konstantinos Tziomalos

Keyword(s):

Resistant Hypertension ◽

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Large Scale ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The Other ◽

Limited Data ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is not only a leading cause of secondary and resistant hypertension, but is also quite frequent in unselected hypertensive patients. Moreover, PA is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, which is disproportionate to BP levels. In addition, timely diagnosis of PA and prompt initiation of treatment attenuate this increased risk. On the other hand, there are limited data regarding the usefulness of screening for PA in all asymptomatic or normokalemic hypertensive patients. More importantly, until now, no well-organized, large-scale, prospective, randomized controlled trial has proved the effectiveness of screening for PA for improving clinical outcome. Accordingly, until more relevant data are available, screening for PA should be considered in hypertensive patients with spontaneous or diuretic-induced hypokalemia as well as in those with resistant hypertension. However, screening for PA in all hypertensive patients cannot be currently recommended.

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Determination of risk factors associated with inflammation in hypertensive patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in a Palestinian Diabetes Study

Current Medical Research and Opinion ◽

10.1080/03007995.2021.1941826 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Mohammed S. Ellulu ◽

Ihab A. Naser ◽

Sahar M. Abuhajar ◽

Ahmed A. Najim

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Factors Associated

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Prevalence of Polypharmacy and Risks of Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in the Older Population in a Developing Country: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000516075 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula ◽

Eyob Alemayehu Gebreyohannes ◽

Daniela Fialova

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Literature Review ◽

Developing Country ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Inappropriate Medication ◽

Older Age ◽

Potentially Inappropriate Medication ◽

Older Population

Background and Aim: Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older populations (65+ years) have not yet been investigated by meta-analyses in developing countries. This systematic literature review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of polypharmacy and PIM use and major risk factors associated with PIM prescribing in older adults in Ethiopia. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies published between January 1990 and October 2020. Observational studies reporting the prevalence and association of risk factors with polypharmacy and PIM use in the older population were meta-analyzed. A multilevel meta-analysis was conducted to pool the prevalence estimates, and the risk of PIM use was reported as a relative risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We identified by systematic literature review 404 articles. Of those, 8 studies fulfilled inclusion criteria, comprising a total sample of 2,608 participants. The overall prevalence of polypharmacy and PIM use pooled by meta-analysis in the Ethiopian older population was 33 and 37%, respectively. The risk factors of PIM use were analyzed in the meta-analysis (particularly polymorbidity, polypharmacy, gender, and older age), and only older age of 65+ (RR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.16–2.51) was significantly associated with PIM use. Conclusion: This first meta-analysis from a developing country revealed a high prevalence of polypharmacy and PIM use in the Ethiopian older population. There was no awareness about the risk of PIMs in patients with polypharmacy and polymorbidity, and older age significantly predicted PIM use. Interventions ensuring rational geriatric pharmacotherapy are essential in developing countries in order to reduce the expected burden of PIM-related geriatric morbidity, higher costs, and mortality.

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