scholarly journals Evidence to support natural hybridization between Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles kleini (Diptera: Culicidae): possibly a significant mechanism for gene introgression in sympatric populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wej Choochote ◽  
Gi-Sik Min ◽  
Pewpan M Intapan ◽  
Chairat Tantrawatpan ◽  
Atiporn Saeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Sinensis ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Gene Introgression ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Significant Mechanism

scholarly journals Gene Introgression among Closely Related Species in Sympatric Populations: A Case Study of Three Walnut (Juglans) Species

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang ◽  
Yue ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Private Allele ◽  
Gene Introgression ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Biogeographic History

Gene introgression usually results from natural hybridization occurring among closely related species in sympatric populations. In this study, we discussed two rare and frequent gene flow phenomena between three species of Juglans plants and analyzed the possible causes for the difference. We collected 656 individuals from 40 populations of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.), Chinese walnut (J. cathayensis Dode), and Iron walnut (J. sigillata Dode) that were genotyped at 17 expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) loci to analyze the introgressions between J. regia and J. cathayensis, and J. regia and J. sigillata. Our study compared the spatial patterns of expected heterozygosity (HE), allelic richness (Rs), and private allele richness (PAR) so as to vividly infer the biogeographic history of related species of Juglans in the two regions. The results of the PCoA, UPGMA, and STRUCTURE analyses showed that all J. regia and J. sigillata populations clustered into one group, and the J. cathayensis populations clustered into the other group. The results of the historical gene flow analysis indicated that J. regia and J. sigillata have no genetic barriers, and the directional gene flow is mainly from J. regia to J. sigillata. For the three species of Juglans, all the above results indicated that gene flow was common among the same group of Juglans, and only rare and low-level gene flow appeared in distinct groups. Therefore, our study revealed multiple phenomena of gene flow and introgression among closely related species in sympatric populations, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the genetic evolution of the genus Juglans.

Natural Hybridization and Morphometric Relationships Between Three Mallee Eucalypts in the Fitzgerald River National Park, W.A

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Hopper ◽  
DJ Coates ◽  
AH Burbidge
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
National Park ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Sympatric Population ◽  
Sympatric Populations

The suspected occurrence of natural hybridization between Eucalyptus preissiana Schau, and E. Buprestium F. Muell, near West Mount Barren was investigated through a study of morphometric and reproductive parameters in allopatric and sympatric populations of these species. While E. Preissiana and E. buprestium were morphometrically distinct in allopatry, a small number of intermediate individuals occurred in one of the two sympatric populations examined. These intermediates set less fruit per plant than the parental species on average, a fact consistent with the hypothesis that they were hybrids showing partial F2 breakdown. The demonstration that New Holland honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novae-hollandiae) carried pollen of both parental species in a sympatric population was interpreted as further evidence in support of the occurrence of hybridization. The possible hybrid status of E. chrysantha Blakely & Steedman was investigated through determining its morphometric relationships in a multivariate analysis of E. sepulcralis F. Muell., E. Preissiana and E. buprestium. E. chrysantha was intermediate between E. sepulcralis and E. preissiana, and distinguishable from E. preissiana-E. buprestium hybrids in this analysis. The taxonomic and evolutionary implications of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongli Liao ◽  
Weibang Sun ◽  
Yongpeng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Intergenic Spacers ◽  
Typical Distribution ◽  
Hybridization Origin ◽  
Butterfly Bush ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

Abstract Background: It has been recognized that certain amount of habitat disturbance is a prerequisite for occurrence of natural hybridization, yet we are currently still not aware of any studies exploring hybridization and reproductive barriers to those plants preferably occupying disturbed habitats. Buddleja plants (also called butterfly bush) generally grow in disturbed habitat, and several species with hybrid origin only on basis of morphology evidence have been proposed. Results: In the present study, we test the natural hybridization origin hypothesis of B. × wardii in two sympatric populations of three taxa including B. × wardii and its parents (B. alternifolia and B. crispa) plus 4 referenced parental populations, using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sites B. × wardii was likely to be hybrids between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, and moreover, most of the hybrids examined were confirmed to be F1s. This was further supported by morphology as no transgressive characters were detected. B. crispa was found to be the maternal parent in Bahe (BH) population from the cpDNA. While in the Taji (TJ) population was difficult to distinguish the hybridization direction due to the shared haplotypes of cpDNA between B. alternifolia and B. crispa, we still predicted the similar unidirectional hybridization pattern due to results from cross-specific pollination treatments which supported the “SI x SC rule”. Conclusions: Hybrids mainly consisting of F1s can successfully impede gene flow and thus maintain species boundaries of parental species in its typical distribution of Buddleja, i.e. disturbed habitats.

Propagated Fish in Resource Management

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Westslope Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Oncorhynchus Clarkii ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
Directional Preference ◽  
Time Of Year

<em>Abstract.</em>—Westslope cutthroat trout <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi </em>are currently under a second review for listing as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. Both natural and anthropogenically induced hybridization has been previously documented between this subspecies and rainbow trout <em>O. mykiss </em>and between steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout) and coastal cutthroat trout <em>O. clarkii clarkii</em>. However, levels of reported introgression have varied greatly. To assess natural hybridization and the extent to which it may affect the frequency and persistence of <em>O. mykiss </em>alleles among sympatric populations of westslope trout, we used three nuclear loci to detect hybrids, and mitochondrial DNA to assess the direction of hybridization and introgression in Big Creek, Idaho and its tributaries. Natural hybridization between westslope cutthroat and sympatric rainbow trout/steelhead appears to occur at a relatively low frequency with numerous parental types still present in varying numbers within the drainage. Subsequent genetic analyses revealed no hybridization in samples from 2001 and percentages of hybrid genotypes within sample locations ranging from 1.6% to 13.3% in 2002. Differences between years may be attributable to sampling, time of year, and seasonal movements of westslope cutthroat trout and their hybrids. Furthermore, hybrids were more frequently observed (<em>p </em>< 0.01) with mitochondrial haplotypes of westslope cutthroat trout indicating a directional preference of westslope cutthroat females spawning with <em>O. mykiss </em>males.

Is Genetic Continuity Between Anopheles sinensis (Diptera: Culicidae) and its Sibling Species Due to Gene Introgression or Incomplete Speciation?

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1239-1252
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Guo ◽  
Fenglin Song ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Weilong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Anopheles Sinensis ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Potential Vector ◽  
Genetic Continuity

Abstract The Anopheles mosquito Hyrcanus Group is widely distributed geographically across both Palearctic and Oriental regions and comprises 26 valid species. Although the species Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann (1828) is the most common in China and has a low potential vector rank, it has nevertheless long been thought to be an important natural malaria vector within the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. A number of previous research studies have found evidence to support the occurrence of natural hybridization between An. sinensis and Anopheles kleini Rueda, 2005 (a competent malaria vector). We, therefore, collected a sample series of An. sinensis and morphologically similar species across China and undertook ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA analyses in order to assess genetic differentiation (Fst) and gene flow (Nm) amongst different groups. This enabled us to evaluate divergence times between morphologically similar species using the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. The results of this study reveal significant genetic similarities between An. sinensis, An. kleini, and Anopheles belenrae Rueda, 2005 and therefore imply that correct molecular identifications will require additional molecular markers. As results also reveal the presence of gene flow between these three species, their taxonomic status will require further work. Data suggest that An. kleini is the most basal of the three species, while An. sinensis and An. belenrae share the closest genetic relationship.

Pleuroxus denticulatus and P. procurvus (Cladocera, Chydoridae) in North America: distribution, experimental hybridization, and the possibility of natural hybridization

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1605-1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Shan ◽  
David G. Frey
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Hybrid Individual ◽  
Intermediate Morphology ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
High Elevations ◽  
Continental Glaciation

In North America the two closely related Pleuroxus procurvus and P. denticulatus are presently sympatric over much of the region of continental glaciation and commonly occur in the same water bodies. Pleuroxus denticulatus extends southward quite generally through the United States into Middle America, whereas P. procurvus extends southward into New Mexico only at high elevations in the western mountains. Some early attempts at crossing northern with southern populations of P. denticulatus yielded a few hybrid offspring that were abnormal on hatching or otherwise died before reaching maturity, suggesting that two different taxa are involved. Attempts at crossing site sympatric populations of the two species in the laboratory yielded a single hybrid individual, which developed a clone with intermediate morphology. Hybrid males and ephippial females were incapable of mating successfully with themselves or with either parent. Thus, it is quite likely these species are incapable of hybridizing in nature. The two reports from North America of the European P. truncatus, which grossly resembles P. procurvus, are regarded as misidentifications. Pleuroxus uncinatus from Europe superficially resembles the experimental hybrid, but the several reports of P. uncinatus from the Pacific Northwest are regarded instead as possibly an undescribed species.

scholarly journals Natural hybridization between two butterfly bushes in Tibet: dominance of F1 hybrids promotes strong reproductive isolation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongli Liao ◽  
Weibang Sun ◽  
Yongpeng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Intergenic Spacers ◽  
Hybridization Origin ◽  
Butterfly Bush ◽  
Disturbed Habitats

AbstractBackgroundIt has been recognized that a certain amount of habitat disturbance is a facilitating factor for the occurrence of natural hybridization, yet to date we are unaware of any studies exploring hybridization and reproductive barriers in those plants preferentially occupying disturbed habitats.Buddlejaplants (also called butterfly bush) generally do grow in disturbed habitats, and several species with hybrid origin have been proposed, based solely on morphological evidence.ResultsIn the present study, we test the hypothesis thatB. × wardiiis of natural hybridization origin in two sympatric populations of three taxa includingB. × wardiiand its parents (B. alternifoliaandB. crispa) plus 4 referenced parental populations, using four nuclear genes and three chloroplast intergenic spacers, as well as with 10 morphological characters. Our results suggest that at both sitesB. × wardiiis likely to be a hybrid betweenB. alternifoliaandB. crispa, and moreover, we confirm that most of the hybrids examined are F1s. That these plants are F1s is further supported by morphology, as no transgressive characters were detected.B. crispawas found to be the maternal parent in the Bahe (BH) population, from cpDNA evidence. However, in the Taji (TJ) population, the direction of hybridization was difficult to establish due to the shared cpDNA haplotypes betweenB. alternifoliaandB. crispa, however we still predicted a similar unidirectional hybridization pattern due to results from cross-specific pollination treatments which supported the “SI × SC rule”.ConclusionsThe presence of mainly F1hybrids can successfully impede gene flow and thus maintain species boundaries in parental species in a typical distribution ofBuddleja, i.e. in disturbed habitats.

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