scholarly journals The perceptions of professional soccer players on the risk of injury from competition and training on natural grass and 3rd generation artificial turf

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine CN Poulos ◽  
John Gallucci ◽  
William H Gage ◽  
Joseph Baker ◽  
Sebastian Buitrago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
And Training

scholarly journals Training habits in professional soccer players during COVID-19 confinement

Kinesiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
Marcos Chena ◽  
Luis Gutiérrez-García ◽  
Juan Carlos Zapardiel ◽  
Iván Asín-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Competitive Activity ◽  
Training Habits ◽  
New Situation ◽  
And Training

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has led to an unprecedented situation, forcing governments to take urgent measures and confine the population. These measures have also affected sports. Soccer competitions and training sessions were interrupted worldwide, causing the need to adapt training sessions to the new situation. The objective of this study is to observe and analyse training habits carried out during the COVID-19 confinement by Spanish professional soccer players of both sexes. An o bservational study was based on an ad-hoc telematic questionnaire during the COVID-19 state of alarm in Spain. The results showed that strength and conditioning training was of great importance in the training habits developed during the COVID-19 confinement, fundamentally that of strength and endurance capacities. Specificity was low as conditional capabilities were affected by contextual limitations. The findings of this study yielded very useful information related to the training habits of professional soccer players of both sexes and offered an unpublished reference database that could be used to address training planning at specific periods of the year (transition, vacations, emergencies, ...), with the aim of resuming competitive activity in the best conditions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury on Natural Grass Versus Artificial Turf in Soccer: 10-Year Data From the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 232596712093443
Author(s):  
Mark Howard ◽  
Samantha Solaru ◽  
Hyunwoo P. Kang ◽  
Ioanna K. Bolia ◽  
George F.R. Hatch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Injury Surveillance System ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is prevalent among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) soccer players. Controversy remains regarding the effect of the surface type on the rate of ACL injury in soccer players, considering differences in sex, type of athletic exposure, and level of competition. Hypothesis: Natural grass surfaces would be associated with decreased ACL injury rate in NCAA soccer players. Sex, type of athletic exposure (match vs practice), and level of competition (Division I-III) would affect the relationship between playing surface and ACL injury rates. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Using the NCAA Injury Surveillance System (ISS) database, we calculated the incidence rate of ACL injury in men and women from 2004-2005 through 2013-2014 seasons. The incidence was normalized against athletic exposure (AE). Additional data collected were sex, athletic activity at time of injury (match vs practice), and level of competition (NCAA division) to stratify the analysis. Statistical comparisons were made by calculating incidence rate ratios (IRR). Statistical significance was set at an alpha of .05. Results: There were 30,831,779 weighted AEs during the study period. The overall injury rate was 1.12 ACL injuries per 10,000 AEs (95% CI, 1.08-1.16). Women comprised 57% of the match data (10,261 games) and 55% of practice data (26,664 practices). The overall injury rate was significantly higher on natural grass (1.16/10,000 AEs; 95% CI, 1.12-1.20) compared with artificial turf (0.92/10,000 AEs [95% CI, 0.84-1.01]; IRR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.14-1.38]) ( P < .0001). This relationship was demonstrated consistently across all subanalyses, including stratification by NCAA division and sex. The injury rate on natural grass (0.52/10,000 AEs; 95% CI, 1.11-1.26) was significantly greater than the injury incidence during practice on artificial turf (0.06/10,000 AEs; 95% CI, 0.043-0.096). Players were 8.67 times more likely to sustain an ACL injury during practice on natural grass compared with practice on artificial turf (95% CI, 5.43-12.13; P < .0001). No significant difference was found in injury rates between matches played on grass versus turf (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84-1.03; P = .15). Conclusion: NCAA soccer players who practice on natural grass have increased risk of ACL injury compared with the risk of those practicing on an artificial surface, regardless of sex or NCAA division of play. No difference in risk of ACL injury between playing surfaces was detected during matches. Further research is necessary to examine the effect of multiple factors when evaluating the effect of the surface type on the risk of ACL injury in soccer players.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Playing Surface On Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury In NCAA Soccer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0012
Author(s):  
Mark Howard ◽  
Hyunwoo Paco Kang ◽  
Samantha Solaru ◽  
Alexander E. Weber ◽  
Mark F. Rick C
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Objectives: Previous orthopaedic literature has examined the effect of synthetic playing surfaces on the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in athletes and produced varying and inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to examine the role of playing surface on the incidence and risk of ACL injury in collegiate soccer athletes. Methods: The NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) database was queried for ACL injuries for male and female soccer players from the 2004-05 through the 2013-14 seasons at all levels of competition. The number of athlete exposures (AEs), defined as 1 athlete participating in 1 practice or competition in which they were exposed to the possibility of athletic injury, were recorded for grass and synthetic playing surfaces. Both the reported injuries and exposures provided were weighted in order to represent the entire NCAA collegiate soccer population. Normalized ACL incidence rates were calculated as well as 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Rate ratios comparing competition type amongst both competition and practice were calculated. Results: ACL injuries were more common on grass surfaces (1.16 per 10,000 AEs, 95%CI 1.12-1.20) than artificial turf (0.92 per 10,000 AEs, 95%CI 0.84-1.04). This difference was statistically significant (IRR 1.26, p<0.0001), and driven primarily by the difference in injury incidence during practice. The injury incidence during practice on natural grass (1.18 per 10,000 AEs, 95% CI 1.11-1.26) was significantly greater than the injury incidence rate during practice on artificial turf (0.067 per 10,000 AEs, 95%CI 0.043-0.096). Players were 17.7 times more likely (95%CI 10.6678-27.2187, p<0.0001) to sustain an ACL injury during practice on natural grass when compared to practice on artificial turf. However, there was no significant difference in injury incidence during matches (IRR 0.96, p=0.44), with matches on natural grass (3.35 per 10,000 AEs, 95% CI 3.21-3.51) equivalent to matches on artificial surfaces (3.49 per 10,000 AEs, 95%CI 3.18-3.81). When comparing exposure type, the injury rate was significantly greater during matches (3.38 per 10,000 AEs, 95% CI 3.25-3.52) compared to practices (0.82 per 10,000 AEs, 95%CI 0.77-0.88), with a 4.10-fold increase in ACL injury incidence during matches compared to practice (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Between 2004 and 2014, NCAA soccer players experienced a greater number of ACL injuries on natural grass playing surfaces compared with artificial turf playing surfaces. This difference is driven by injuries during practice, where athletes were nearly 18 times more likely to suffer an ACL injury on grass versus artificial turf. While ACL injuries were more likely during matches compared to practices, no difference in incidence was noted between playing surfaces. Additional study is warranted investigating potential causes for this observed increased risk with soccer practice on grass fields.

The Energy Cost of Running with the Ball in Soccer

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 877-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Piras ◽  
Milena Raffi ◽  
Charalampos Atmatzidis ◽  
Franco Merni ◽  
Rocco Di Michele
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Gps Receiver ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Moderate Difference ◽  
And Training

AbstractRunning with the ball is a soccer-specific activity frequently used by players during match play and training drills. Nevertheless, the energy cost (EC) of on-grass running with the ball has not yet been determined. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the EC of constant-speed running with the ball, and to compare it with the EC of normal running. Eight amateur soccer players performed two 6- min runs at 10 km/h on artificial turf, respectively with and without the ball. EC was measured with indirect calorimetry and, furthermore, estimated with a method based on players’ accelerations measured with a GPS receiver. The EC measured with indirect calorimetry was higher in running with the ball (4.60±0.42 J/kg/m) than in normal running (4.19±0.33 J/kg/m), with a very likely moderate difference between conditions. Instead, a likely small difference was observed between conditions for EC estimated from GPS data (4.87±0.07 vs. 4.83±0.08 J/kg/m). This study sheds light on the energy expenditure of playing soccer, providing relevant data about the EC of a typical soccer-specific activity. These findings may be a reference for coaches to precisely determine the training load in drills with the ball, such as soccer-specific circuits or small-sided games.

Differences in pressure pain sensitivity of elite male soccer players on artificial turf and natural grass

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Domínguez-Martín ◽  
Francisco López-Ruiz ◽  
Maria V. Reyes-López ◽  
Gerad Valenza ◽  
César Fernández De Las Peñas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Natural Grass

scholarly journals Weekly Load Variations of Distance-Based Variables in Professional Soccer Players: A Full-Season Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rui Silva ◽  
Daniel Castillo ◽  
Asier Los Arcos ◽  
Bruno Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
And Training

The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to analyze the variations of acute load, training monotony, and training strain among early (pre-season), mid (first half of season), and end season (second half of season) periods; (2) to compare these training indicators for playing positions in different moments of the season. Nineteen professional players (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years; experience as professional: 7.5 ± 4.3 years) from a European First League team participated in this study. The players were monitored daily over a 45-week period for the total distance (TD), distance covered (DC) at 14 km/h−1 or above (DC > 14 km/h), high-speed running above 19.8 km/h−1 (HSR) distance, and number of sprints above 25.2 km/h−1. The acute load (sum of load during a week), training monotony (mean of training load during the seven days of the week divided by the standard deviation of the training load of the seven days), and training strain (sum of the training load for all training sessions and matches during a week multiplied by training monotony) workload indices were calculated weekly for each measure and per player. Results revealed that training monotony and training strain for HSR were meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.883 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.712, respectively) and greater than the second half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.718 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.717). The training monotony for the sprints was meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of in-season (p < 0.001; d = 0.953) and greater than the second half of in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.916). Comparisons between playing positions revealed that small-to-moderate effect sizes differences mainly for the number of sprints in acute load, training monotony, and training strain. In conclusion, the study revealed that greater acute load, training monotony, and training strain occurred in the pre-season and progressively decreased across the season. Moreover, external defenders and wingers were subjected to meaningfully greater acute load and training strain for HSR and number of sprints during the season compared to the remaining positions.

scholarly journals Analysis and comparison of intensity in specific soccer training sessions

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Antonacci Condessa ◽  
Christian Emmanuel Torres Cabido ◽  
André Maia Lima ◽  
Daniel Barbosa Coelho ◽  
Vinicius M. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
High Intensity Zone ◽  
Soccer Training ◽  
And Training

This study compared the exercise intensity of four specific soccer training sessions (friendly and training match, tactical and technical workouts). Ten professional soccer players (24.2 ± 3.7 years, 177.9 ± 7.3 cm, 63.2 ± 4.6 mLO2•kg-1•min-l) were recruited. A treadmill progressive interval test was performed to determine the players' VO2max, maximal heart rate (HRmax), HR-VO2 curve, and the heart rate corresponding to blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol/L. The heart rate during the training sessions was used to estimate the exercise intensity and to classify them into intensity zones (low-intensity: <2 mmol/L; moderate-intensity: between 2 and 4 mmol/L; high-intensity: >4 mmol/L). Exercise intensities were different among training sessions (friendly match: 86.0 ± 5.1% HRmax; training match: 81.2 ± 4.1% HRmax; tactical workout: 70.4 ± 5.3% HRmax; technical workout: 62.1 ± 3.6% HRmax). The friendly match presented the highest percentage of time performed in the high-intensity zone.

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