Does a specially designed teacher-led sex education programme reduce sexual risk-taking? A randomised controlled trial of SHARE in Scottish schools

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Wight
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Randomised controlled trial of a sexual risk reduction intervention for STI prevention among men who have sex with men in the USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A Eaton ◽  
Seth C Kalichman ◽  
Moira O Kalichman ◽  
Daniel D Driffin ◽  
Robert Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Sexual Risk Reduction ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Risk Reduction Intervention ◽  
Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesNovel interventions to address sexual risk taking and slow rates of STIs are urgently needed, in particular among black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA. Serosorting, or limiting condomless sex acts to partners of the same HIV status, is commonly practised among MSM, yet can lead to STI and remains largely unaddressed by public health agencies.MethodsA two-arm, randomised controlled trial was conducted from 2012 to 2015. This trial assessed the effects of a single-session, sexual partner selection and risk decision intervention (experimental arm) versus a single-session, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-based, sexual risk reduction intervention (control arm) on psychosocial measures, sexual risk taking and STI.ResultsAt study follow-ups, multiple beneficial changes were observed on sexual risk beliefs measures (ie, changes in serosorting and condom use beliefs, and HIV risk perceptions) and sexual risk taking among the experimental arm relative to the control arm. Overall main effects, however, of the intervention on STI outcomes on year-long follow-ups were non-significant. There was evidence for short-term effects on STI outcomes, and self-report of multiple STIs and STI symptoms demonstrated positive effects over the follow-up period.ConclusionsBrief interventions to address sexual risk taking can result in short-term beneficial outcomes and can be incorporated into currently existing infrastructure at healthcare agencies. Additional intervention will be necessary for demonstrating long-term results.Trial registration numberNCT02128594.

Efficacy of a self-management education programme on patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care: A randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estibaliz Gamboa Moreno ◽  
Maider Mateo-Abad ◽  
Lourdes Ochoa de Retana García ◽  
Kalliopi Vrotsou ◽  
Emma del Campo Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals Feasibility of delivering and evaluating stratified care integrated with telehealth (‘Rapid Stratified Telehealth’) for patients with low back pain: protocol for a feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e056339
Author(s):  
Joshua R Zadro ◽  
Christopher Needs ◽  
Nadine E Foster ◽  
David Martens ◽  
Danielle M Coombs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pain Education ◽  
Stratified Care ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionLong waiting time is an important barrier to accessing recommended care for low back pain (LBP) in Australia’s public health system. This study describes the protocol for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that aims to establish the feasibility of delivering and evaluating stratified care integrated with telehealth (‘Rapid Stratified Telehealth’), which aims to reduce waiting times for LBP.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a single-centre feasibility and pilot RCT with nested qualitative interviews. Sixty participants with LBP newly referred to a hospital outpatient clinic will be randomised to receive Rapid Stratified Telehealth or usual care. Rapid Stratified Telehealth involves matching the mode and type of care to participants’ risk of persistent disabling pain (using the Keele STarT MSK Tool) and presence of potential radiculopathy. ‘Low risk’ patients are matched to one session of advice over the telephone, ‘medium risk’ to telehealth physiotherapy plus App-based exercises, ‘high risk’ to telehealth physiotherapy, App-based exercises, and an online pain education programme, and ‘potential radiculopathy’ fast tracked to usual in-person care. Primary outcomes include the feasibility of delivering Rapid Stratified Telehealth (ie, acceptability assessed through interviews with clinicians and patients, intervention fidelity, appointment duration, App useability and online pain education programme usage) and evaluating Rapid Stratified Telehealth in a future trial (ie, recruitment rates, consent rates, lost to follow-up and missing data). Secondary outcomes include waiting times, number of appointments, intervention and healthcare costs, clinical outcomes (pain, function, quality of life, satisfaction), healthcare use and adverse events (AEs). Quantitative analyses will be descriptive and inform a future adequately-powered RCT. Interview data will be analysed using thematic analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received approval from the Ethics Review Committee (RPAH Zone: X21-0221). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12621001104842.

scholarly journals Vaginal probiotic adherence and acceptability in Rwandan women with high sexual risk participating in a pilot randomised controlled trial: a mixed-methods approach

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e031819
Author(s):  
Marijn C Verwijs ◽  
Stephen Agaba ◽  
Marie Michele Umulisa ◽  
Mireille Uwineza ◽  
Adrien Nivoliez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Steady Partner ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo evaluate adherence and acceptability of intermittent vaginal probiotic or antibiotic use to prevent bacterial vaginosis (BV) recurrence.DesignRepeated adherence and acceptability assessments using mixed methods within a pilot randomised controlled trial.SettingResearch clinic in Kigali, Rwanda.ParticipantsRwandan women with high sexual risk.InterventionsWomen diagnosed with BV and/or trichomoniasis were randomised to four groups (n=17 each) after completing metronidazole treatment: behavioural counselling only, or behavioural counselling plus 2-month intermittent use of oral metronidazole, Ecologic Femi+ (EF+) vaginal capsule or Gynophilus LP (GynLP) vaginal tablet.Outcome measuresAdherence and acceptability were assessed by structured face-to-face interviews, semi-structured focus group discussions and in-depth interviews, daily diaries and counting of used/unused study products in randomised women (n=68). Vaginal infection knowledge was assessed by structured face-to-face interviews in randomised women and women attending recruitment sessions (n=131).ResultsMost women (93%) were sex workers, 99.2% were unfamiliar with BV and none had ever used probiotics. All probiotic users (n=32) reported that insertion became easier over time. Triangulated adherence data showed that 17/17 EF+ users and 13/16 GynLP users used ≥80% of required doses (Fisher’s exact p=0.103). Younger age (p=0.076), asking many questions at enrolment (p=0.116), having menses (p=0.104) and reporting urogenital symptoms (p=0.103) were non-significantly associated with lower perfect adherence. Women believed that the probiotics reduced BV recurrence, but reported that partners were sometimes unsupportive of study participation. Self-reported vaginal washing practices decreased during follow-up, but sexual risk behaviours did not. Most women (12/15) with an uncircumcised steady partner discussed penile hygiene with him, but many women found this difficult, especially with male clients.ConclusionsHigh-risk women require education about vaginal infections. Vaginal probiotic acceptability and adherence were high in this cohort. Our results can be used to inform future product development and to fine-tune counselling messages in prevention programmes.Trial registration numberNCT02459665.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a progressive, individualised walking and education programme for prevention of low back pain recurrence in adults: study protocol for the WalkBack randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037149
Author(s):  
Natasha Celeste Pocovi ◽  
Chung-Wei C Lin ◽  
Jane Latimer ◽  
Dafna Merom ◽  
Anne Tiedemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is recognised globally as a prevalent, costly and disabling condition. Recurrences are common and contribute to much of the burden of LBP. Current evidence favours exercise and education for prevention of LBP recurrence, but an optimal intervention has not yet been established. Walking is a simple, widely accessible, low-cost intervention that has yet to be evaluated. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to establish the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a progressive and individualised walking and education programme (intervention) for the prevention of LBP recurrences in adults compared with no treatment (control).Methods and analysisA pragmatic, two-armed RCT comparing walking and education (n=349) with a no treatment control group (n=349). Inclusion criteria are adults recovered from an episode of non-specific LBP within the last 6 months. Those allocated to the intervention group will receive six sessions (three face to face and three telephone delivered) with a trained physiotherapist to facilitate a progressive walking programme and education over a 6-month period. The primary outcome will be days to first recurrence of an episode of activity-limiting LBP. The secondary outcomes include days to recurrence of an episode of LBP, days to recurrence of an episode of LBP leading to care seeking, disability and quality of life measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and costs associated with LBP recurrence. All participants will be followed up monthly for a minimum of 12 months. The primary intention-to-treat analysis will assess difference in survival curves (days to recurrence) using the log-rank statistic. The cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted from the societal perspective.Ethics and disseminationApproved by Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference: 5201949218164, May 2019). Findings will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Trial registration numberACTRN12619001134112.

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