scholarly journals Providing lipid-based nutrient supplement during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of maternal P falciparum parasitaemia and reproductive tract infections: a randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyanga Nkhoma ◽  
Per Ashorn ◽  
Ulla Ashorn ◽  
Kathryn G. Dewey ◽  
Austrida Gondwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infections ◽  
Nutrient Supplement ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Quick-Wee versus bladder stimulation to collect midstream urine from precontinent infants under 1 year of age: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (ES.Stimquick.U)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e046324
Author(s):  
Sarah Marchal ◽  
Jade Janicot ◽  
Julie Salicis ◽  
Diane Demonchy ◽  
Anne-Laure Herisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Minimal Invasiveness ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry

IntroductionUrinary tract infections occur in around 1%–4% of boys and 3%–8% of girls under 2 years old. Diagnosis is difficult because of non-specific symptoms and the risk of urine analysis contamination depending on the sampling method used for precontinent infants. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommend transurethral catheterisation and suprapubic aspiration because of a low contamination rate but these techniques are invasive. On the other hand, while the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence advocate clean catch urine for its minimal invasiveness and acceptable contamination rate, it is difficult to accomplish in precontinent infants. Two recent methods have been described: the Quick-Wee method by Kaufman et al (suprapubic stimulation with cold saline-soaked gauze); and bladder stimulation by Herreros et al then by Tran et al (pubic tapping alternating with lumbar massage). This study aims to compare the effectiveness in collecting midstream urine by bladder stimulation vs the Quick-Wee method in infants under 1 year, before walking.Methods and analysisThis study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial of 230 infants under 1 year and before walking who need urine analysis, conducted in four paediatric emergency departments in France. Patients will be randomised into two groups: bladder stimulation and Quick-Wee method.The primary endpoint will be the success rate of voiding at least 2 mL of urine in less than 5 min.Secondary outcomes are the time to collect at least 2 mL of urine, comfort, quality of urine and the risk factors associated with failure of the two techniques.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the French national ethic committee (consultative committee of the protection of persons). The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberClinical Trials Registry - NCT04587999.Date and protocol version identifierOctober 2020, V.1.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 and Lactobacillus plantarum PM1 versus placebo as a prophylaxis for recurrence urinary tract infections in children: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMC Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Daniel ◽  
Hanna Szymanik-Grzelak ◽  
Agnieszka Turczyn ◽  
Małgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections in children. In children < 7 years of age, the prevalence of one episode of symptomatic UTI has been estimated at 3–7% in girls and 1–2% in boys, whereas 8–30% of them will have one or more episodes of UTI. The use of some probiotics appears to reduce the risk of recurrence of UTIs. Since the effects of probiotics are strain-specific, the efficacy and safety of each strain has to be assessed. The main aim of this study is to determine whether probiotics (containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 and Lactobacillus plantarum PM1) therapy are effective in preventing UTI in children compared to placebo. Method A superiority, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial is being conducted. One hundred and six patients aged 3 to 18 years with recurrent UTIs in last year (defined as: ≥ 2 episodes of UTI with acute pyelonephritis/upper UTI; or 1 episode of UTI with acute pyelonephritis and ≥ 1 episodes of UTI with cystitis/lower UTI; or ≥ 3 episodes of UTI with cystitis/lower UTI) or children with ≥ 1 infection in the upper urinary tract and ≥ 1 of recurrent UTIs risk factors (congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, constipation, bladder dysfunction, myelomeningocele, sexual activity in girls) will be randomly assigned to receive a 90-day prophylaxis arm (probiotic containing L. rhamnosus PL1 and L. plantarum PM1) or a 90-day placebo arm. The primary outcome measure will be the frequency of recurrence of UTI during the intervention and in the period 9 months after the intervention. Discussion The findings of this randomised controlled trial (RCT), whether positive or negative, will contribute to the formulation of further recommendations on prevention of recurrent UTIs in children. Trial registration number NCT03462160, date of trial registration 12th March 2018.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of simulated clinical teaching in general practice: randomised controlled trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Raina Elley ◽  
Tara Clinick ◽  
Chris Wong ◽  
Bruce Arroll ◽  
John Kennelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Real Patients

INTRODUCTION: There are shortages in community-based general practice placements for medical students. Innovative ways to teach the skills required in general practice are needed. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of ‘simulated’ general practice clinics using actors, compared with standard community-based general practice attachments in medical undergraduate education. METHODS: Randomised controlled trial involving medical students. Outcome measures included self-reported knowledge, clinical confidence, communication skills, and attitudes within general practice assessed at baseline and after one week. Intervention students participated in 24 simulated consultations with actor-patients over four days. Control students spent four days working with community-based general practitioners and real patients. RESULTS: Of 138 eligible medical students in the first clinical year, 128 (93%) participated and 106/128 (82%) completed the study. Those participating in simulated clinics improved in confidence in history-taking (p=0.03), communication skills (p=0.04), and ability to detect depression (p<0.001) compared with those undertaking community attachments. Those in community-based attachments felt more confident in managing upper respiratory tract infections (p<0.001), screening in general practice (p=0.03) and managing illness in the patient’s home (p=0.04). There was no difference between the groups in other measures. DISCUSSION: Simulated clinics may assist with development of communication skills within the general practice consultation and may also be used to supplement community-based attachment with real patients. Even so, confidence in the management of common conditions and procedures improves more with real patients. KEYWORDS: Medical education; patient simulation; primary health care; randomised controlled trial

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