A cross-sectional study of the magnitude, barriers, and outcomes of HIV status disclosure among women participating in a perinatal HIV transmission study, “the Nevirapine Repeat Pregnancy study”

Abstract Background: Despite the enormous expansion of HIV testing services (HTS), an estimated 40% of people with HIV infection remain undiagnosed. In Ethiopia, the current working UNAIDS spectrum estimate for PLHIV is 649,264, of the estimated PLHIV, only about 72% know their status. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design with internal comparison was conducted among randomly selected 346 people currently on ART in Woliso town. Data entry carried out by Epi Info™ version 7.2.3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 statistical software for Windows.Results: Among 345 study participants, 333 (96.5%) with 95 % CI (94.5 - 98.3) of index cases have tested families. The odds of HIV testing were 7.22 times higher among those who disclosed their HIV status (AOR=7.22 95% CI: 1.45, 35.82) compared to those who did not disclosed. Those who have stayed <12 months on ART are 87% less likely to have tested families (AOR=0.13 95% CI: 0.03, 0.63) compared to those who stayed ≥12 months on ART. Conclusion: this study finding shows that higher proportions of families of index cases have been tested for HIV. It also shows that partner and family based index case HIV testing has significant association with HIV status disclosure of index cases and the length of the duration that the index cases stayed on ART. It is essential to sustain the platform of partner and family based index case HIV testing service through strengthening disclosure counselling and assisting HIV status disclosure in health facilities with fully trained provider and qualified health providers. It also suggests the need to focus on those who received ART for less than 12 months duration and communicate on the timing of HIV testing for HIV negative families with ongoing risk of acquiring HIV.

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HIV Status Disclosure and its associated factors among Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, 2019: A Mixed method cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.19086/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Seifadn Ahmed Shallo ◽

Mesfin Tassew

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drug Adherence ◽

Hiv Disease ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure

Abstract Background Evidences from previous studies claim that informing children about their HIV status has long term positive implications in the HIV disease management, children's quality of life and ART drug adherence. However, in many parts of the Sub-Saharan African Countries, the HIV status disclosure among children reaches from 0 to 69.2%. Since the issue of disclosure is complex and highly influenced by socio-cultural characters and perception of the community towards HIV disease, it is important to investigate the up to date evidence which will help in designing contextualized approaches for disclosure. The objective of the current study was to assess the HIV status disclosure and its associated factors among children on ART in West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia.Methods Institutional based quantitative cross-sectional study supplemented by qualitative was conducted from February to April /2019 among 247 caregivers and or their children.Results The mean age of the children was 11.11±SD2.8, and 43.6%, (95% CI: 37, 50.9) of the children were fully disclosed. The average age at disclosure was 11 ±SD2.12. The main reasons for the disclosure were for drug adherence and better self-care, while underage was the commonest reason for nondisclosure. Compared to the age (10-15) years, the child in the age (6-9) was 97% [AOR: 0.027, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.22, P<0.001] less likely to be disclosed. Female children were 2.7 times more likely to be disclosed compared to males children [AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.24, 6, P<0.013].Conclusion The current finding reveals that the HIV status disclosure is generally low, and the decision to disclose or not to do so is affected by many factors like child age, and child sex. This will affect directly or indirectly the child drug adherence, treatment outcome and also disease transmission.

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Pattern and Determinants of Antiretroviral Drug Adherence among Nigerian Pregnant Women

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2012/851810 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

S. O. Ekama ◽

E. C. Herbertson ◽

E. J. Addeh ◽

C. V. Gab-Okafor ◽

D. I. Onwujekwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Drug Adherence ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Good Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure

Background. The need for a high level of adherence to antiretroviral drugs has remained a major hurdle to achieving maximal benefit from its use in pregnancy. This study was designed to determine the level of adherence and identify factors that influence adherence during pregnancy.Method. This is a cross-sectional study utilizing a semistructured questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine factors independently associated with good drug adherence during pregnancy.Result. 137 (80.6%) of the interviewed 170 women achieved adherence level of ≥95% using 3 day recall. The desire to protect the unborn child was the greatest motivation (51.8%) for good adherence. Fear of being identified as HIV positive (63.6%) was the most common reason for nonadherence. Marital status, disclosure of HIV status, good knowledge of ART, and having a treatment supporter were found to be significantly associated with good adherence at bivariate analysis. However, after controlling for confounders, only HIV status disclosure and having a treatment partner retained their association with good adherence.Conclusion. Disclosure of HIV status and having treatment support are associated with good adherence. Maternal desire to protect the child was the greatest motivator for adherence.

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A multi-institutional, cross-sectional study on disclosure of HIV status to sexual partner(s) and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS attending selected hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 399

Author(s):

Moreblessing Chipo Mashora ◽

Tafadzwa Dzinamarira ◽

Nicholas Njau Ngomi

Keyword(s):

Sexual Partner ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Local Health ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Authorities ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure

Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health problem. There is need for evidence-based interventions to curb new infections. HIV status disclosure, especially to sexual partner(s) remains a critical step towards reducing viral transmission across sexual partners.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study, conducted at HIV clinics of three selected hospitals. Systematic random sampling was employed to sample 384 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: Of the participants, 66% of the participants reported HIV positive status disclosure, with only 46% of these having disclosed to their sexual partner. Logistic regression analysis identified age (p value 0.035; AOR 0.94), being satisfied with counselling (p value 0.017; AOR 0.24), gender (p value 0.030; AOR 5.51) and education (p value 0.041; AOR 2.14) as factors associated with having disclosed HIV status. Being younger, satisfaction with counselling, being female and having attained at least secondary education were all associated with higher odds of HIV status disclosure.Conclusions: Based on the findings of the current study, it can be concluded that there is need to improve rates of HIV status disclosure among PLWH in Kigali, Rwanda. The current study findings have provided baseline information for the local health authorities, health care providers, policy makers and other scholars working in HIV epidemic control. The local health authorities can use this as a guide to develop a programme aimed to address the issue of non-disclosure of HIV status in Kigali City and hence help control the incessant spread of HIV infection.

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HIV-positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0250637 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0250637

Author(s):

Mulusew Ambissa ◽

Endalew Gemechu Sendo ◽

Yeshi Assefa ◽

Alemu Guta

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Sexual Partner ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Status Disclosure

Introduction Pregnant women who disclose their HIV-positive status to their sexual partners have played an important role in reducing the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission to the baby during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postnatal periods. Studies are limited in the current study area in a similar arena. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the proportion of HIV-positive status disclosure and its associated factors among pregnant women. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 156 HIV-positive pregnant women in Dire Dawa administrative from March 12th to May 10th, 2020. Data were generated using a pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the predictor variables associated with the disclosure of HIV-positive status among pregnant women to their sexual partners. Finally, the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals at P-value< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the total, 135 (86.5%) of HIV-positive pregnant women disclosed their HIV status to their sexual partner. Christian followers (both Orthodox and Protestant) [AOR = 8.8, 95% CI: 2.3. 34] more likely to disclose HIV status to their sexual partner than those Muslims. Those participants who started practicing safer sex [AOR = 17.6, 95% CI: 4–77] and those women who had a smooth relationship before the HIV disclosure were [AOR = 14.7, 95% CI: 3–68.6] more likely to disclose HIV status to their sexual partner than their counterparts, respectively. Conclusions The proportion of HIV serostatus disclosure by HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care services to their sexual partners was encouraging. However, this does not mean that there is no need for further awareness and intervention. Hence, interventions to boost and support women in safely disclosing their HIV-positive status are needed.

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Status Disclosure in HIV Infected Children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Southeast, Nigeria

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v37i3.18730 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 244-249

Author(s):

Maria-Lauretta Orji ◽

Nnamdi Benson Onyire ◽

Emeka Ogah Onwe

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Information ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adherence Assessment ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: The emotional and psychosocial issues surrounding HIV infection make status disclosure herculean task. Many caregivers are unwilling to disclose because they are afraid of possible unpleasant outcome. The objective of this study were to determine the prevalence rate of HIV status disclosure and possible effect on ART adherence.Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional study that involved consecutive recruitment of 94 confirmed HIV infected children aged 5-17 years. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic, disclosure and adherence. Assessment of adherence was done in the clinic by direct questioning and pill count.Results: A total of 31 (33.0%) have received a form of information regarding their HIV status. The mean age of disclosure was 12.48± 2.46 years. Majority (95.5%) of the children that received full information about their HIV status were adolescents. Circumstantial disclosure was seen in 25 (80.6%) out of the 31 subjects. A total of 61.3% of HIV status disclosure was done in hospital setting by health workers and 81.8% of subjects that were given full information about HIV were from health workers in a hospital setting. There was however no relationship between adherence to ART and status disclosure (p= 0.832).Conclusion: Age of status disclosure was rather late in this study and majority of the disclosure were consequent to prevailing circumstances in the subjects’ life. A step-wise approach to disclosure that entailed giving age dependent information as from the age of seven years is therefore recommended

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Understanding the determinants and consequences of HIV status disclosure in Manicaland, Zimbabwe: cross-sectional and prospective analyses

AIDS Care ◽

10.1080/09540121.2021.1883507 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Theodora Goodwin ◽

Simon Gregson ◽

Rufurwokuda Maswera ◽

Louisa Moorhouse ◽

Constance Nyamukapa

Keyword(s):

Hiv Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure ◽

Prospective Analyses

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Vertical HIV transmission in perinatally-exposed infants in South-Rift region of Kenya: a retrospective cross sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-017-4124-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Everline Ashiono ◽

Dunstan Achwoka ◽

Jamlick Mutugi ◽

Joel Rakwar ◽

Andrew Wafula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Transmission ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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The Paradoxes of PrEP: Rejection, Reluctancy, and Novel Gay Identities in Biomedical HIV Prevention in Serbia

interalia: a journal of queer studies ◽

10.51897/interalia/odvi6514 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 34-51

Author(s):

Zoran Milosavljević

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Gay Men ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Gay Identity ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Social Significance ◽

Gay Communities ◽

Hiv Status Disclosure ◽

Status Disclosure ◽

Hiv Negative

This article explores the different ways in which gay men in Serbia perceive PrEP as a novel method of HIV prevention. In the article, I draw on data from my research on PrEP use among thirty gay men in Belgrade. The use of PrEP is still very low amongst gay communities in Serbia due to their rejection of PrEP and due to the stigma around PrEP use. In Serbia, the social significance of PrEP relates to HIV status disclosure on gay social/dating media. Paradoxically, on gay dating sites, the signifier "PrEP" blurs the line between HIV positive gay men – who have achieved undetectable HIV status through a potent ARV therapy – and those HIV negative gay men who use PrEP as a preventative tool against HIV transmission. In the article, I will argue that a new form of gay identity has emerged on gay dating apps in Serbia – "undetectable, on PrEP." This new identity emerges from confusion in HIV risk assessment. The use of PrEP has been seen as a marker to denote someone’s HIV negative status and to protect them from HIV transmission. However, some gay men with an undetectable HIV status would like to be regarded as HIV negative even though they are not, and thus they use the signifier "on PrEP" to highlight their desire to claim an HIV negative status. PrEP has many symbolic valences: from HIV status disclosure to assumed promiscuity. As I will argue, while the health paradigm is of utmost importance for Serbian gay men, internalized stigma additionally drives the low uptake of PrEP amongst gay communities in Serbia, thus contributing to the confusion regarding PrEP use and the overall approach to HIV prevention. This article finds that those respondents who accept PrEP without stigma or confusion regarding their HIV status are also more willing and ready to recommend using PrEP to other gay men.

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