scholarly journals Are young female suicides increasing? A comparison of sex-specific rates and characteristics of youth suicides in Australia over 2004–2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Stefanac ◽  
Sarah Hetrick ◽  
Carol Hulbert ◽  
Matthew J. Spittal ◽  
Katrina Witt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Australian mortality statistics suggest that young female suicides have increased since 2004 in comparison to young males, a pattern documented across other Western high-income countries. This may indicate a need for more targeted and multifaceted youth suicide prevention efforts. However, sex-based time trends are yet to be tested empirically within a comprehensive Australian sample. The aim of this study was to examine changes over time in sex-based rates and characteristics of all suicides among young people in Australia (2004–2014). Methods National Coronial Information System and Australian Bureau of Statistics data provided annual suicide counts and rates for 10–24-year-olds in Australia (2004–2014), stratified by sex, age group, Indigenous status and methods. Negative binomial regressions estimated time trends in population-stratified rates, and multinomial logistic regressions estimated time trends by major suicide methods (i.e., hanging, drug poisoning). Results Between 2004 and 2014, 3709 young Australians aged 10–24 years died by suicide. Whilst, overall, youth suicide rates did not increase significantly in Australia between 2004 and 2014, there was a significant increase in suicide rates for females (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 to 1.06), but not males. Rates were consistently higher among Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander youth, males, and in older (20–24-years) as compared to younger (15–19 years) age groups. Overall, the odds of using hanging as a method of suicide increased over time among both males and females, whilst the odds of using drug-poisoning did not change over this period. Conclusions We showed that suicide rates among young females, but not young males, increased over the study period. Patterns were observed in the use of major suicide methods with hanging the most frequently used method among both sexes and more likely among younger and Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander groups. Findings highlight the need to broaden current conceptualizations of youth suicide to one increasingly involving young females, and strengthen the case for a multifaceted prevention approach that capitalize on young females’ greater help-seeking propensity.

Closing the Gap in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Youth Suicide: A Social-Emotional Wellbeing Service Innovation Project

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delaney Michael Skerrett ◽  
Mandy Gibson ◽  
Leilani Darwin ◽  
Suzie Lewis ◽  
Rahm Rallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Emotional Wellbeing ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Torres Strait

scholarly journals Educative Power and the Respectful Curricular Inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Music

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Michael Webb ◽  
Clint Bracknell
Keyword(s):  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Music Educators ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Indigenous Cultures ◽  
Indigenous Music ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Musical Renaissance ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis chapter argues for the full, respectful curricular inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander music in order to promote a more balanced and equitable social and cultural vision of the nation-state in Australian schools. It challenges views that claim Indigenous cultures have been irretrievably lost or are doomed to extinction, as well as the fixation on musical authenticity. We propose that the gradual broadening of Indigenous musical expressions over time and the musical renaissance of the new millennium have created an unprecedented opportunity for current music educators to experience the educative power of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander music. This means that culturally nonexposed music teachers can employ familiar musical-technical approaches to the music even as they begin to more fully investigate the music’s cultural-contextual meanings. The chapter considers issues that impinge on the music’s educative power, especially those relating to its definition, its intended audiences, and pedagogies. It aims to help clear the way for the classroom to become an environment in which students can sense the depth and vitality of contemporary Australian Indigenous music.

scholarly journals Tobacco Related Attitudes and Behaviours in Relation to Exposure to the Tackling Indigenous Smoking Program: Evidence from the Mayi Kuwayu Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10962
Author(s):  
Rubijayne Cohen ◽  
Raglan Maddox ◽  
Mikala Sedgwick ◽  
Katherine A. Thurber ◽  
Makayla-May Brinckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Analysis Of Change ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Multi Mode ◽  
Smoking Attitudes ◽  
Over Time

Smoking is the leading contributor to the burden of disease and mortality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, with an estimated 37% of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths attributed to smoking. The Tackling Indigenous Smoking (TIS) program was implemented to support people to quit smoking, prevent initiation, and reduce exposure to second-hand smoke. Analysis of baseline (2018–2020) data from a large-scale cohort study was conducted to quantify smoking-related attitudes and behaviours among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults, overall and in relation to exposure to the TIS program. Most results were similar for TIS and non-TIS, but there was a significantly lower prevalence of smoking inside households (PR0.95; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.97), smoking ≥21 cigarettes per day (PR0.79; 95% CI: 0.62, <1.00), and smoking a first cigarette within 5 min of waking (PR0.87; 95% CI: 0.76, <1.00) in TIS-funded compared to non-TIS-funded areas. Findings from the analysis highlight encouraging anti-smoking attitudes and behaviours across TIS-funded and non-TIS-funded areas, and serve as a basis for future analysis of change in outcomes over time associated with exposure to a large multi-mode population health program (TIS).

scholarly journals Suicide trends diverge by method: Swiss suicide rates 1969–2005

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Hepp ◽  
M. Ring ◽  
A. Frei ◽  
W. Rössler ◽  
U. Schnyder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Suicide Methods ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Method Substitution ◽  
Over Time

AbstractWe examined the change in Swiss suicide rates since 1969, breaking down the rates according to the method used. The descriptive analyses of the main suicide methods are presented. The suicide rates reached a peak in the late 1970s/early 1980s and declined in more recent years. Firearm suicides and suicides by falls were the exception and sustained their upwards trend until the 1990s. Suicide by vehicle exhaust asphyxiation showed a rapid decline following the introduction of catalytic converters in motor vehicles. No substantial method substitution was observed. Suicide by poisoning declined in the 1990s but rose again following an increase in assisted suicide in somatically incurable patients. Suicide is too often regarded as a homogeneous phenomenon. With regard to the method they choose, suicide victims are a heterogeneous population and it is evident that different suicide methods are chosen by different people. A better understanding of the varying patterns of change over time in the different suicide methods used may lead to differentiated preventive strategies.

Suicide Among Young Middle Eastern Muslim Females

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Rezaeian
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Keywords Suicide

Background: Recent epidemiological studies highlight that within Muslim-dominated Middle Eastern countries suicide rates are high or are increasing among young females. This paper discusses the most important reasons behind this trend. Methods: The literature review started using the PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) search engine, applying four keywords: suicide, young females, Middle East, and Muslim. The search strategy was complemented by hand-searching selected journals or by looking at the reference list of the retrieved papers. Results: All retrieved papers confirm a higher rate of suicide or attempted suicide among young Muslim females in the Middle East. Furthermore, the method chosen for suicide, psychiatric disorders, marriage, and masculine role are among the most important interrelated reasons that increase the likelihood of a young female being a victim of suicide. Conclusions: Higher suicide rates among young Middle Eastern Muslim females must be considered an important issue, and their root causes should be dealt with properly and without delay.

Why Has Suicide Increased in Young Males?

Crisis ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom

Several countries in the Western hemisphere have experienced a marked increase in suicide rates in young males in recent years. This article considers this phenomenon largely from the perspective of the United Kingdom, where rates of suicide in 15-24-year-old males nearly doubled in just over a decade. The possible reasons for this are considered, particularly in the context of relative stability of suicide rates in young females.

scholarly journals Elderly suicides by drug poisoning in England and Wales: time trends within two elderly age-bands

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Buckley ◽  
Ajit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Drug Poisoning ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Over Time

It is believed that a better understanding of the methods used by older people for suicide may lead to the development of targeted preventative strategies, which are expected to meet the challenge of sustaining this observed decline in suicide rates among older people over time in England and Wales (Lindesay, 1991; Dennis and Lindesay, 1995).

scholarly journals Investigating inequities in cardiovascular care and outcomes for Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: protocol for a hospital-based retrospective cohort data linkage project

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e043304
Author(s):  
Therese Kearns ◽  
Abbey Diaz ◽  
Lisa J Whop ◽  
Suzanne P Moore ◽  
John R Condon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Care Pathways ◽  
Torres Strait Islander People ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant burden of disease for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, a population that continues to experience a lower life expectancy than other Australians. The aim of the Better Cardiac Care Data Linkage project is to describe patient care pathways and to identify disparities in care and health outcomes between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and other Queensland residents diagnosed with CVD in the state of Queensland.MethodsThis is a population-based retrospective cohort study using linked regional, state and national health and administrative data collections to describe disparities in CVD healthcare in primary and secondary prevention settings and during hospitalisation. The CVD cohort will be identified from the Queensland Hospital Admitted Patient Data Collection for admissions that occurred between 1 July 2010 and 31 June 2016 and will include relevant International Classification of Disease codes for ischaemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. Person-level data will be linked by Data Linkage Queensland and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) in accordance with ethical and public health approvals to describe the patient journey prior to, during and post the hospital admission.AnalysisThis project will focus largely on descriptive epidemiological measures and multivariate analysis of clinical care standards and outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people compared with other Queenslanders, including identification of risk factors for suboptimal care and change over time. Variation in care pathways and patient outcomes will be compared by Indigenous status, sex, age group, remoteness of residence, year of index hospitalisation and socioeconomic status. Cox models for time-to-event data and mixed models or generalised estimating equations for longitudinal data will be used to measure change over time where temporal effects exist.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by Human Research Ethics Committees of the Prince Charles Hospital (HREC/15/QPCH/289) and the AIHW (EO2016-1-233). The Northern Territory Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research have also provided reciprocal ethical approval of the project (HREC 2019–3490). The deidentified results will be summarised in a report and shared with investigators, advisory groups, Queensland Health and key stakeholders. Findings will be disseminated through workshops, conferences and will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Impact of age and gender on frequency of interruption in dyadic interviews

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199
Author(s):  
Mohammad Almoaily
Keyword(s):  
Young Female ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Young Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Older Males

Abstract This paper investigates whether the gender and/or age of interviewees in dyadic interviews influences frequency of speech interruption of young female interviewers. Forty female students at King Faisal University (KFU) and forty interviewees participated in the study. The author compared the number of interruptions per ten minutes of conversation made by interviewees belonging to four categories: young females, young males, older females, and older males. The author hypothesized that older male interviewees interrupt young female interviewers more than younger male and female interviewees. Additionally, the author hypothesized that older female interviewees interrupt young female interviewers more than young female interviewees. The results did not support the hypothesis that males interrupt females more often. Female participants made significantly more interruptions than male participants. The data do not support the hypothesis that older interviewees interrupt their interviewers more frequently than younger interviewees.

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