Design and validation of brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination

Abstract Background The inadequate awareness of livestock breeders on brucellosis transmission, as well as their improper knowledge about preventing brucellosis is considered as one of the important barriers to animal vaccination against brucellosis. The present study aimed to design and validate a brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination. The valid questionnaire was used to design, implement, and evaluate an interventional training program. Method A brucellosis prevention questionnaire (BPQ) was developed in the exploratory psychometric study. In addition, face-to-face interviews were conducted to formulate its initial items, the results of which were merged with those obtained from literature review. Further, the face, content, and construct validity of the questionnaire were assessed by co-operating livestock breeders, veterinarians, and health educationists. The impact score (IS), and content validity ratio (CVR) and index (CVI) of the items were calculated, and the construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated through factor analysis. Furthermore, the reliability of the results related to the questionnaire was measured by using Cronbach’s alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and composite reliability, as well as the standard error of measurement (SEM). Results The questionnaire was finalized with 53 items and its validity was confirmed by CVI (0.90), CVR (0.74), and IS (4.30). Additionally, the items were loaded into three constructs of awareness, attitude, and practice. Further, the predictive power of awareness, attitude, and practice was determined as 43.43, 15.81, and 15.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the fitness of the proposed model among the constructs was confirmed by the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) < 0.08, as well as normed chi-square (× 2/ df) < 5.0, comparative fit index (CFI) ≥ 0.90, and Tucker- Lewis index (TLI) ≥ 0.9. Conclusion The brucellosis prevention questionnaire represented acceptable psychometric properties. The factors influencing the preventive behavior of livestock breeders can be identified by applying the questionnaire, and co-operating veterinarians and educational planners.

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Design and validation of Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26120/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Farhad Bahadori ◽

Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽

Saeideh Ghaﬀarifar ◽

Reza Ziaei

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Chi Square ◽

Face To Face ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Proposed Model ◽

The Face ◽

Fit Index ◽

Animal Vaccination ◽

The Impact ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement

Abstract Background: The inadequate awareness of livestock breeders on brucellosis transmission, as well as their improper knowledge about preventing brucellosis is considered as one of the important barriers to animal vaccination against brucellosis. The present study aimed to design and validate a brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination. The valid questionnaire was used to design, implement, and evaluate an interventional training program.Method: A brucellosis prevention questionnaire (BPQ) was developed in the exploratory psychometric study. In addition, face-to-face interviews were conducted to formulate its initial items, the results of which were merged with those obtained from literature review. Further, the face, content, and construct validity of the questionnaire were assessed by co-operating livestock breeders, veterinarians, and health educationists. The impact score (IS), and content validity ratio (CVR) and index (CVI) of the items were calculated, and the construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated through factor analysis. Furthermore, the reliability of the results related to the questionnaire was measured by using Cronbach’s alpha, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), and composite reliability, as well as the standard error of measurement (SEM).Results: The questionnaire was finalized with 53 items and its validity was confirmed by CVI (0.90), CVR (0.74), and IS (4.30). Additionally, the items were loaded into three constructs of awareness, attitude, and practice. Further, the predictive power of awareness, attitude, and practice was determined as 43.43, 15.81, and 15.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the fitness of the proposed model among the constructs was confirmed by the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) <0.08, as well as normed chi-square (x 2/ df) < 5.0, comparative fit index (CFI) ≥ 0.90, and Tucker- Lewis index (TLI) ≥ 0.9. Conclusion: The brucellosis prevention questionnaire represented acceptable psychometric properties. The factors influencing the preventive behavior of livestock breeders can be identified by applying the questionnaire, and co-operating veterinarians and educational planners.

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Design and validation of Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26120/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Farhad Bahadori ◽

Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽

Saeideh Ghaﬀarifar ◽

Reza Ziaei

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Content Validity ◽

Chi Square ◽

Face To Face ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Fit Index ◽

Animal Vaccination ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: Inadequate awareness of livestock breeders concerning the transmission of brucellosis and their improper knowledge with regard to the prevention of brucellosis are among important barriers to vaccinate animals against brucellosis. The aim of this study is design and validation of a Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination . This valid questionnaire is used to design, implement and evaluate an interventional training program. Methods: In this exploratory psychometric study, a brucellosis prevention questionnaire (BPQ) was developed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to develop the initial items of BPQ. The findings from interviews were merged with those of literature review. Face, content and construct validity of BPQ were assessed by participation of livestock breeders, veterinarians and health educationists. Impact Score (IS), Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) of the items were calculated. Construct validity of BPQ was evaluated through factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha, Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), composite reliability and standard error of measurement (SEM) were measured to assess the reliability of the findings by BPQ. Results: BPQ was finalized by 53 items and its validity was confirmed by CVI, CVR, and IS of 0.90, 0.74 and 4.30, respectively. The items were loaded into three constructs of awareness, attitude and practice. The predictive power of the awareness, attitude and practice was 43.43%, 15.81% and 15.78%, respectively. The fitness of the proposed model among those constructs was confirmed by Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) <0.08, Normed chi-square (x 2/ df) < 5.0, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) ≥ 0.90, Tucker- Lewis Index (TLI) ≥ 0.9. Conclusion: The brucellosis prevention questionnaire has acceptable psychometric properties. Applying BPQ, veterinarians and educational planners can identify factors influencing preventive behavior of livestock breeders.

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Design and validation of Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26120/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Farhad Bahadori ◽

Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽

Saeideh Ghaﬀarifar ◽

Reza Ziaei

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Content Validity ◽

Chi Square ◽

Face To Face ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Fit Index ◽

Animal Vaccination ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background: Inadequate awareness of livestock breeders concerning the transmission of brucellosis and their improper knowledge with regard to the prevention of brucellosis are among important barriers to vaccinate animals against brucellosis. The aim of this study is design and validation of a Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination. This valid questionnaire is used to design, implement and evaluate an interventional training program.Methods: In this exploratory psychometric study, a brucellosis prevention questionnaire (BPQ) was developed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to develop the initial items of BPQ. The findings from interviews were merged with those of literature review. Face, content and construct validity of BPQ were assessed by participation of livestock breeders, veterinarians and health educationists. Impact Score (IS), Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) of the items were calculated. Construct validity of BPQ was evaluated through factor analysis. Cronbach’s alpha, Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), composite reliability and standard error of measurement (SEM) were measured to assess the reliability of the findings by BPQ.Results: BPQ was finalized by 53 items and its validity was confirmed by CVI, CVR, and IS of 0.90, 0.74 and 4.30, respectively. The items were loaded into three constructs of awareness, attitude and practice. The predictive power of the awareness, attitude and practice was 43.43%, 15.81% and 15.78%, respectively. The fitness of the proposed model among those constructs was confirmed by Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) <0.08, Normed chi-square (x 2/ df) < 5.0, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) ≥ 0.90, Tucker- Lewis Index (TLI) ≥ 0.9. Conclusion: The brucellosis prevention questionnaire has acceptable psychometric properties. Applying BPQ, veterinarians and educational planners can identify factors influencing preventive behavior of livestock breeders.

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Design and validation of Brucellosis prevention questionnaire focused on animal vaccination

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26120/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽

Farhad Bahadori ◽

Saeideh Ghaﬀarifar ◽

Reza Ziaei

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Content Validity ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Face To Face ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Proposed Model ◽

Animal Vaccination ◽

Standard Error Of Measurement ◽

Is Design ◽

Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background Animal breeders' inadequate awareness about the transmission of brucellosis and their improper knowledge about prevention of brucellosis are among important barriers to vaccinate animals against brucellosis. The aim of this study is design, implementation and evaluation of a theory-driven and vaccination-focused training program for brucellosis prevention.Methods In this exploratory psychometric study, a brucellosis prevention questionnaire (BPQ) was developed. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to develop the initial items of BPQ. The findings from interviews were merged with those of literature review. Face, content and construct validity of BPQ were assessed by participation of animal breeders, veterinarians and health educationists. Impact Score (IS), Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) of the items were calculated. Construct validity of BPQ was evaluated through factor analyses. Cronbach’s alpha, Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), composite reliability and standard error of measurement (SEM) were measured to assess the reliability of the findings by BPQ.Results BPQ was finalized by 53 items. Its validity was confirmed by CVI, CVR, and IS of 0.90, 0.74 and 4.30, respectively. The items were loaded into three constructs of awareness, attitude and practice. The predictive power of the awareness, attitude and practice was 43.43%, 15.81% and 15.78%, respectively. The fitness of the proposed model among those constructs was confirmed by RMSEA < 0.08, Normed Chi2 < 5, CFI > .90, TLI > .90.Conclusion The brucellosis prevention questionnaire has acceptable psychometric properties. Applying BPQ, veterinarians and educational planners can identify factors influencing animal breeders' preventive behavior.

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The impact of pictorial warning attached on cigarette packet to the attitude of smoking habit

Z H Sikder Women’s Medical College Journal ◽

10.47648/zhswmcj.2020.v0201.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (Number 1) ◽

pp. 20-23

Author(s):

Dr. Kamrun Nahar ◽

Prof. Dr. Belal Ahmed ◽

Prof. Dr. Md. Khorshed Alam

Keyword(s):

Smoking Habit ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Face To Face ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Warning Message ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

The Impact ◽

Structured Questionnaire

This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted to assess the effect pictorial warning message on cigarette packets to the attitude and practice of smokers using a semi-structured questionnaire employing purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 214 by face to face interview carried out in different cities, towns, and villages of Bangladesh from August 2016 to February 2017. Almost 97.6% were male and Most of the respondents (40.9%) belonged to the 20-29 years age group. Majority (58.3%) of them were educated from secondary to graduate few percent below primary. Highest 22.9% respondents were students followed by 17.6% private job holder, 16.9% day labor and only 1.4% was jobless. About 40.2% started smoking by the influence of friends, 26.2% started on curiosity and 20% due to depression and majority 41.0% smoked 1-5 cigarette sticks per day. More than half (65.5%) of respondents felt relax to refreshing by smoking and about two third 77.6% continued their smoking due to habitual act or psychological pleasure Almost 93.4% gave attention to the pictorial warning on the cigarette packets. About 46.4% thought pictorial warning in cigarette packets alarms for not to smoke and only 23.8% thought smoking will cause cancer; 21.4% thought smoking is injurious to health. After seeing the pictorial warning on cigarettes 57.6% reduced the smoking number of sticks per day also attempted to quit smoking. To reduce this restricting the advertisement of tobacco, arranging campaign to raise awareness among people about the health and environmental hazards of smoking and increase the tax on tobacco.

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The Impact of the Coronacrisis on KIBS Sector

Foresight and STI Governance ◽

10.17323/2500-2597.2021.1.6.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 6-18

Author(s):

Ian Miles ◽

◽

Veronika Belousova ◽

Nikolay Chichkanov ◽

Zhaklin Krayushkina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Business Services ◽

Face To Face ◽

Knowledge Intensive Business Services ◽

Regulatory Frameworks ◽

The Face ◽

Working Practices ◽

Knowledge Intensive ◽

Problem Solvers ◽

Climate Crisis ◽

The Impact

Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are problem-solvers for other organizations. The coronacrisis affects KIBS directly, but also means that their clients are confronting new problems. How are KIBS addressing these two sets of challenges? This paper draws on material available in the trade and industry press, on official reports and statistics, and the early academic studies addressing these themes. We find that KIBS have been active (alongside other organizations) in providing a substantial range of services aimed at helping their clients (and others) deal with various contingencies thrown up by the crisis. Not least among these is the need to conform to shifting regulatory frameworks, and requirements for longer-term resilience. KIBS themselves have had to adapt their working practices considerably, to reduce face-to-face interaction with clients and within teams collaborating on projects. Adaptation is easier for those whose tasks that are relatively standardized and codified, and it remains to be seen how far a shift to such activities - and away from the traditional office-based venues of activity - is retained as firms recover from the crisis. KIBS are liable to play an important role in this recovery from the crisis, and policymakers can mobilize their services. Some KIBS are liable to be critical for rendering economies more resilient in the face of future pandemics and we argue that these firms are also important for confronting the mounting climate crisis.

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Investigating the Impact of EFL Students’ Misuse of Prosodic Features on their Face-to-face Interactions from University Instructors’ Perspectives

UKH Journal of Social Sciences ◽

10.25079/ukhjss.v5n1y2021.pp50-64 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 50-64

Author(s):

Bahram Sattar Abdulrahman

Keyword(s):

Kurdistan Region ◽

Prosodic Features ◽

Face To Face ◽

Iraqi Kurdistan ◽

University Instructors ◽

The Face ◽

Efl Students ◽

The University ◽

The Impact ◽

Special Classes

The present study aims at investigating the use of prosodic features by Kurdish EFL undergraduates in their face-to-face interactions inside/outside the classroom from the university instructors’ perspectives. The study hypothesizes that the majority of Kurdish EFL undergraduates are not fully aware of the fact that any misuse of prosodic features would probably affect the emotions, feelings, and attitudes that the face-to-face interaction is intended to convey. Building on an analysis of a questionnaire given to 54 university instructors at 10 Iraqi Kurdistan Region different universities, the study concludes that the majority of problems the students face can be related to the misuse of stress, intonation, and other prosodic features. Therefore, EFL instructors should pay more attention to make students learn how to use prosodic features and enable them to send messages adequately while engaging in face-to-face interactions. This would require special classes about prosodic features so that EFL students can overcome the misuse they have in face-to-face communication. This is inevitable because accuracy and fluency in communication require EFL students to master both features: segmental and suprasegmental. The reason behind this necessity could be attributed to the fact that broken and/or incorrect pronunciation can be considered as one of the most prominent factors behind misunderstandings in communication.

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The Carryover Effects of Preceding Interviewer–Respondent Interaction on Responses in Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interviewing (ACASI)

Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology ◽

10.1093/jssam/smaa019 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanyu Sun ◽

Frederick G Conrad ◽

Frauke Kreuter

Keyword(s):

Social Presence ◽

Computer Assisted ◽

Sensitive Information ◽

Carryover Effects ◽

Face To Face ◽

Audio Recordings ◽

The Face ◽

Audio Computer ◽

Main Effects ◽

The Impact

Abstract Audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) has been widely used to collect sensitive information from respondents in face-to-face interviews. Interviewers ask questions that are not sensitive or only moderately sensitive and then allow respondents to self-administer more sensitive questions, listening to audio recordings of the questions and typically entering their responses directly into the same device that the interviewer has used. According to the conventional thinking, ACASI is taken as independent of the face-to-face interaction that almost always precedes it. Presumably as a result of this presumed independence, the respondents’ prior interaction with the interviewer is rarely considered when assessing the quality of ACASI responses. There is no body of existing research that has experimentally investigated how the preceding interviewer–respondent interaction may create sufficient social presence to affect responses in the subsequent ACASI module. The study reported here, a laboratory experiment with eight professional interviewers and 125 respondents, explores the carryover effects of preceding interactions between interviewer and respondent on responses in the subsequent ACASI. We evaluated the impact of the similarity of the live and recorded interviewer’s voice for each respondent as well as respondents’ rapport with interviewers in the preceding interview. We did not find significant main effects of vocal similarity on disclosure in ACASI. However, we found significant interaction effects between vocal similarity and respondents’ rapport ratings in the preceding interview on disclosure in ACASI. When the ACASI voice was similar to the interviewer’s voice in the preceding interaction, respondent-rated rapport led to more disclosure but, when the ACASI voice is clearly different from the interviewer’s voice, respondent-rated rapport in the prior interaction did not affect disclosure.

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Methodology of Specialist Physicians Training: From Traditional to e-Learning

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207681 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7681

Author(s):

Juan Chaves ◽

Antonio A. Lorca-Marín ◽

Emilio José Delgado-Algarra

Keyword(s):

Life Support ◽

Medical Training ◽

Advanced Life Support ◽

Sample Volume ◽

Mixed Methodology ◽

Face To Face ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Face ◽

E Learning ◽

The Impact

Different studies show that mixed methodology can be effective in medical training. However, there are no conclusive studies in specialist training on advanced life support (ALS). The main objective of this research is to determine if, with mixed didactic methodology, which includes e-learning, similar results are produced to face-to-face training. The method used was quasi-experimental with a focus on efficiency and evaluation at seven months, in which 114 specialist doctors participated and where the analysis of the sociodemographic and pre-test variables points to the homogeneity of the groups. The intervention consisted of e-learning training plus face-to-face workshops versus standard. The results were the performance in knowledge and technical skills in cardiac arrest scenarios, the perceived quality, and the perception of the training. There were no significant differences in immediate or deferred performance. In the degree of satisfaction, a significant difference was obtained in favour of the face-to-face group. The perception in the training itself presented similar results. The main limitations consisted of sample volume, dropping out of the deferred tests, and not evaluating the transfer or the impact. Finally, mixed methodology including e-learning in ALS courses reduced the duration of the face-to-face sessions and allowed a similar performance.

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Psychometric properties of women’s satisfaction with the childbirth education class questionnaire for Iranian population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21349/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Robab Hassanzadeh ◽

Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽

Fatemeh Abbas-Alizadeh ◽

Shahla Meedya ◽

Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Construct Validity ◽

Content Validity ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Childbirth Education ◽

Education Class ◽

Convergent Construct Validity ◽

The Face ◽

Childbirth Preparation ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Childbirth preparation classes can reduce pregnant women’s anxiety and fear levels by providing them with training supports. The importance of mothers’ participation in these classes, evaluation of their satisfaction with these classes, and lack of a standard instrument in Iran led to the necessity of conducting this study for the translation and psychometric analysis of the women’s satisfaction with the childbirth education class questionnaire for the population of Iranian women. Methods: The questionnaire was translated from English into Persian through the forward-backward translation method. The cluster sampling method was employed to select 205 pregnant women with gestational age of 35-37 weeks from all health complexes of Tabriz, Iran. The face, content, and construct validity of the research instrument were assessed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were measured to evaluate the overall reliability of the questionnaire. Results: The impact scores of all items were above 1.5. The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) of the questionnaire were 0.88 and 0.94, respectively. The convergent construct validity of the whole questionnaire and those of its three subscales were confirmed through the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The factor loadings of no items were below 0.3, and the X2⁄df ratio was smaller than 5. In addition, the RMSEA was smaller than 0.08; therefore, the overall model validity was confirmed. Cronbach’s alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were 0.93 and 0.96, respectively, indicating the acceptable reliability of the questionnaire. Conclusion: The Persian version of this questionnaire, entitled "Women’s Satisfaction with Childbirth Education Class" is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring Iranian women’s satisfaction with childbirth education classes.

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