scholarly journals Association between cigarette smoking status and voting intentions: Cross sectional surveys in England 2015-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cox ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Cheryl McQuire ◽  
Frank de Vocht ◽  
Emma Beard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liberal Democrats ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Voting Intentions

Abstract Background and aims Cigarette smoking takes place within a cultural and social context. Political views and practices are an important part of that context. To gain a better understanding of smoking, it may be helpful to understand its association with voting patterns as an expression of the political views and practices of the population who smoke. This study aimed to assess the association between cigarette smoking and voting intentions and to examine how far any association can be explained by sociodemographic factors and alcohol use. Methods Pooled monthly representative repeat cross-sectional household surveys of adults (16+) in England (N = 55,482) between 2015 and 2020 were used to assess the association between cigarette smoking status and voting intentions, and whether this was accounted for by age, occupational grade, gender, region and alcohol use. Voting intention was measured by asking ‘How would you vote if there were a General Election tomorrow?’ Respondents chose from a list of the major English political parties or indicated their intention not to vote. Results In adjusted multinomial regression, compared with intending to vote Conservative (majority party of government during the period), being undecided (aOR1.22 [1.13-1.33] <0.001), intending to vote Labour (aOR1.27 [1.16-1.36] <0.001), to vote “Other” (aOR1.54 [1.37-1.72] <0.001), or not to vote (aOR1.93 [1.77-2.11] <0.001) was associated with higher odds of current relative to never smoking rates. Intending to vote for the Liberal Democrats was associated with a significant lower odds of current smoking prevalence (aOR0.80 [0.70-0.91] <0.001) compared with intending to vote Conservative. Conclusions Controlling for a range of other factors, current as compared with never-smokers appear more likely to intend not to vote, to be undecided, to vote for Labour or a non-mainstream party, and less likely to vote for the Liberal Democrats, compared with the Conservative party.

scholarly journals Association Between Cigarette Smoking Status And Voting Intentions: Cross Sectional Surveys In England 2015-2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cox ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Cheryl McQuire ◽  
Frank de Vocht ◽  
Emma Beard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Liberal Democrats ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Voting Intentions

Abstract Background and aims: Cigarette smoking takes place within a cultural and social context. Political views and practices are an important part of that context. To gain a better understanding of smoking, it may be helpful to understand its association with voting patterns as an expression of the political views and practices of the population who smoke. This study aimed to assess the association between cigarette smoking and voting intentions and to examine how far any association can be explained by sociodemographic factors and alcohol use.Methods: Pooled monthly representative repeat cross-sectional household surveys of adults (16+) in England (N = 55,482) between 2015-2020 were used to assess the association between cigarette smoking status and voting intentions, and whether this was accounted for by age, occupational grade, gender, region and alcohol use. Voting intention was measured by asking ‘How would you vote if there were a General Election tomorrow?’ Respondents chose from a list of the major English political parties or indicated their intention not to vote.Results: In adjusted multinomial regression, compared with intending to vote Conservative (majority party of government during the period), being undecided (aOR1.22 [1.13-1.33] <0.001), intending to vote Labour (aOR1.27 [1.16-1.36] <0.001), to vote “Other” (aOR1.54 [1.37-1.72] <0.001), or not to vote (aOR1.93 [1.77-2.11] <0.001) was associated with higher odds of current relative to never smoking rates. Intending to vote for the Liberal Democrats was associated with a significant lower odds of current smoking prevalence (aOR0.80 [0.70-0.91] <0.001) compared with intending to vote Conservative.Conclusions: Controlling for a range of other factors, current as compared with never-smokers appear more likely to intend not to vote, to be undecided, to vote for Labour or a non-mainstream party, and less likely to vote for the Liberal Democrats, compared with the Conservative party.

scholarly journals Impact of Coffee/Green Tea/Soft Drink Consumption on the Risk of Hyperuricemia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7299
Author(s):  
Joong Seob Lee ◽  
Tae Jun Kim ◽  
Sung Kwang Hong ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Tea ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Increased Risk

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between hyperuricemia and the frequency of coffee, tea, and soft drink consumption, based on data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) (2004–2016). We used the KoGES health examinee data, obtained from urban residents aged ≥ 40 years. Information on the participants’ medical history, nutrition (total calorie, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake), frequency of alcohol consumption, smoking status, household income, and frequency of coffee/green tea/soft drink intake was collected. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the data. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the participant’s age and sex. Among 173,209 participants, there were 11,750 and 156,002 individuals with hyperuricemia and non-hyperuricemia controls, respectively. In an adjusted model, frequent coffee and green tea consumption did not increase the risk of hyperuricemia, compared to the “no intake” reference group. However, an adjusted odds ratio of hyperuricemia was 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.35, p < 0.001) for participants who reported consuming soft drinks ≥ 3 times per day, compared to the respective “no drink” reference group. Even after adjusting for nutritional and sociodemographic factors, frequent soft drink intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia. Meanwhile, neither coffee nor green tea intake was associated with an increased risk of hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use among university students in Queensland, Australia and New Zealand: results of two cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041705
Author(s):  
Ben Wamamili ◽  
Sheleigh Lawler ◽  
Mark Wallace-Bell ◽  
Coral Gartner ◽  
David Sellars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
University Students ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Spaces ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesExamine the patterns of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use (vaping), the perceived harm of e-cigarettes compared with tobacco cigarettes, and associations between smoking and vaping with student characteristics.DesignCross-sectional studies.SettingThe University of Queensland (UQ), Australia and eight New Zealand (NZ) universities.ParticipantsStudents at UQ: 4957 (70.8% aged <25 years, 63.0% women) and NZ: 1854 (82.5% aged <25 years, 60.1% women).MethodsΧ2 tests compared smoking by age and gender, and vaping by age, gender and smoking status. Two-sided p<0.05 was considered significant and 95% CIs reported where appropriate. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between smoking and vaping (exclusive smoking, exclusive vaping, dual use and non-use) with age, gender and student type (domestic vs international).ResultsSmoking (UQ vs NZ, 95% CI): ever 45.2% (43.8% to 46.6%) vs 50.0% (47.7% to 52.3%), current 8.9% (8.1% to 9.7%) vs 10.4% (9.1% to 11.9%) and daily 5.2% (4.6% to 5.8%) vs 5.6% (4.6% to 6.7%), and not smoking in indoor 98.3% vs 87.7% or outdoor smoke-free spaces 83.8% vs 65.3%.Vaping (UQ vs NZ, 95% CI): ever 20.9% (19.8% to 22.1%) vs 37.6% (35.4% to 39.9%), current 1.8% (1.5% to 2.2%) vs 6.5% (5.4% to 7.7%) and daily 0.7% (0.5% to 1.0%) vs 2.5% (1.9% to 3.4%), and not vaping in indoor 91.4% vs 79.6% or outdoor smoke-free spaces 84.4% vs 71.3%. Of respondents, 71.7% (70.3% to 73.2%) vs 75.3% (72.9% to 77.6%) perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful than tobacco cigarettes.Men were more likely than women to smoke and vape, and to believe that e-cigarettes are less harmful. Regression models containing all predictors for smoking and vaping were significant and the effect of gender was significant for dual use, exclusive smoking and exclusive vaping (all p<0.01). Men had higher odds for smoking, vaping or dual use.ConclusionsResults suggest significant differences in patterns of smoking and vaping of university students in Australia and NZ, and a strong influence of gender on smoking and vaping.

scholarly journals E-Cigarette Use by Smoking Status in Estonia, 2012–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 519
Author(s):  
Rainer Reile ◽  
Kersti Pärna
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: In the context of declining smoking rates in Estonia, this study aims to analyze the recent trends in e-cigarette use and its associations with smoking status and sociodemographic factors. Methods: Nationally representative data from biennial cross-sectional health surveys in 2012–2018 (n = 9988) were used to describe the prevalence of smoking and e-cigarette use by smoking status in Estonia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to describe the sociodemographic patterns of e-cigarette use in three subgroups: the general population, smokers, and ex-smokers. Results: The prevalence of current smoking decreased from 45.4% in 2012 to 31.5% in 2018 among men and from 26.6% to 20.0% among women. At the same time, e-cigarette use in the general population had increased to 3.7% among men and to 1.2% among women. The increase in the prevalence of e-cigarette use was statistically significant among men in the general population, smokers, and ex-smokers, but non-significant among women. In addition to period effects, e-cigarette use was patterned by age, gender, and education. Conclusion: In 2002–2018, the e-cigarette use had increased but smoking had decreased in Estonia. A timely and targeted tobacco policy may alleviate the harm of e-cigarette use from the public health perspective.

scholarly journals Past Cigarette Smoking Is More Common among Those with Cholinergic Than Noncholinergic Dementias

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kyle Dalrymple ◽  
Erin K. Saito ◽  
Natalie Diaz ◽  
Julia Morrow ◽  
Beau Nakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction ◽  
Dementing Disorders

Background. Patients with progressive dementing disorders associated with cortical cholinergic dysfunction gradually develop cholinergic deficits many years before symptom onset and may begin to smoke cigarettes during midlife as a form of self-medication. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported past smoking rates between those with and without cholinergic dementias, to determine if those who developed cholinergic dementias were more likely to smoke during midlife than those who did not.Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional study of past smoking status among patients treated at an outpatient clinic during a three-year period.Results. A total of 440 patients were evaluated during the study period, including 224 with cholinergic dementias and 216 with noncholinergic dementias and controls. Past smoking rates were greater among those with cholinergic dementias compared to those without cholinergic dementias (43.92% versus 26.96%,P=0.012). Additionally, smokers with cholinergic dementias reported significantly greater mean pack-years of smoking (P=0.038).Conclusions. Greater midlife smoking rates and greater pack-years of smoking were associated with cholinergic dementias. These results suggest midlife smoking may be an early indicator for those developing brain cholinergic deficits related to progressive dementing disorders and support initiating treatment prior to symptom onset in cholinergic dementias.

scholarly journals Do rates of depression vary by level of alcohol misuse in Australian general practice?

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanne Hobden ◽  
Jamie Bryant ◽  
Rob Sanson-Fisher ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
Mariko Carey
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Australian General Practice ◽  
Disorder Identification

Limited data exist regarding co-occurring alcohol misuse and depression among general practice patients. This study examined the prevalence of depression by level of alcohol misuse, and the sociodemographic factors associated with depression and increased alcohol misuse severity. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 3559 Australian general practice patients. Patients completed their demographic details, the Patient Health Questionnaire (9-item) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (Consumption items). The prevalence of alcohol misuse and depression was 6.7%, and depression prevalence varied significantly according to level of alcohol misuse (P<0.001). Age, gender, Aboriginality and number of chronic diseases were associated with depression and higher levels of alcohol misuse. These findings may assist General Practitioners in identifying those at risk of experiencing co-morbid depression and alcohol use, and aid in effective treatment and referral.

S274 – Smoker's Nose

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P166-P167
Author(s):  
Thomas Kjaergaard ◽  
Milada Småstuen Cvancarova ◽  
Sverre Steinsvåg
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Airway Symptoms ◽  
Vas Scores

Objectives Do smokers have more upper airway symptoms than non-smokers? Despite extensive knowledge about the health-damaging effects of smoking, little is known about whether and to what extent smoking causes complaints from the upper airway. The main objectives of our study: 1) evaluate the role of cigarette smoking in relation to upper airway symptoms, and 2) study the dose response relationship between daily cigarette consumption and upper airway symptoms. Methods 2294 consecutive patients referred to ENT specialist for evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea, snoring or nose-related complaints were included in this cross-sectional study. Subjects completed a detailed questionnaire including Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), grading 13 upper airway symptoms. In addition, smoking habits were registered. Associations between VAS recordings and smoking status were evaluated by multivariate analysis based on regression analysis and Anova, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, asthma, and allergy. Differences of 10% or more were considered clinically relevant. The study was conducted in the period 2005–2007. Results Smokers had between 12 and 27% higher VAS scores in 8 out of 13 symptoms compared with non-smokers (p<0,001). Further, VAS scores were related to the daily cigarette consumption in a dose-dependent manner within the majority of the symptom categories. Conclusions Our study indicates that cigarette smoking is an important etiologic factor for upper airway symptoms. The results give support to campaigns against smoking even in an upper airway perspective. Cessation of smoking should be considered, accepted, and used as a therapeutic measure when dealing with smokers presenting with upper airway complaints.

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