scholarly journals Total unilateral pulmonary collapse secondary to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: a case series of an unusual cause of complete atelectasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Benkalfate ◽  
S. Dirou ◽  
P. Germaud ◽  
C. Defrance ◽  
A. Cavailles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Flexible Bronchoscopy ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Lung Collapse ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a bronchopulmonary disease caused by a complex hypersensitivity to Aspergillus and is usually associated with underlying respiratory diseases such as asthma or cystic fibrosis. Mucus plugging can lead to segmental or lobar atelectasis, but complete lung atelectasis has been exceptionally reported in the literature, making it difficult to diagnose. The diagnosis of ABPA may however be suggested in patients without known predisposing respiratory disorder, even in the absence of other relevant radiographic findings. Case presentation We report five cases of total unilateral lung collapse secondary to ABPA in 70–81-year-old women. Two of them had a past history of ABPA, while total unilateral lung collapse was the first sign of the disease in the other three patients, contributing to the initial misdiagnosis. Flexible bronchoscopy was initially performed to remove mucus plugs from the obstructed airways but was inefficient in four cases. Corticosteroid and/or antifungal treatment was needed. Conclusion ABPA can cause total unilateral lung collapse even in patients without known underlying chronic respiratory disease, making the diagnosis difficult. Flexible bronchoscopy should be considered when lung collapse is associated with respiratory distress but corticosteroids are the mainstay treatment for ABPA.

scholarly journals Non allergic simple eosinophilic pneumonia: Löffler syndrome: A case report study

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 643-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Meta-Jevtovic ◽  
Miroslav Tomovic ◽  
Slavica Mojsilovic ◽  
Marina Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Eosinophilic Pneumonia ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Caucasian Woman ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
History Of

Introduction L?ffler syndrome is an acute, pneumonia of unknown etiology. This disease is not often associated with bronchial asthma. In its asymptomatic form, this disease is reversible, transient, self-limited with no requests for specific therapy regimen. In the symptomatic form, as well as during its progression, treatment with steroids is very effective. Furthermore, in both acute eosinophilic and idiopathic chronic eosinophilic form, this kind of therapy ensures survival. Case report The case of a 53-year-old Caucasian woman was presented with 2-month history of low grade fever, shortness of breath, cough and reduced exercise tolerance. Although she had an allergic accident on insects in history, non allergy reactions as well as an obstructive disease with that kind of origin were not detected on admission. The diagnosis of simple eosinophilic pneumonia (SEP) (L?ffler's syndrome) was confirmed by transbronchial biopsy and by sternal testing. The peripheral blood eosinophilia with pulmonary eosinophilic infiltrates on X ray chest radiography were observed during clinical examination. Biopsy specimen of the lung parenchym showed changes associated with L?ffler's syndrome. The diagnosis was, also, confirmed according to the radiographic findings of unilateral migratory infiltrates consistent pneumonia. Discussion Churg Strauss syndrome (CSS) has to be considered in this differential diagnosis. Frequently, this disease has extrinsic bronchial asthma with eosinophilic pneumonia in history; asthma is often associated with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. In the reported case, treatment with steroids resulted in a marked clinical improvement compared to nonsteroid therapy.

scholarly journals ADHD, ODD, and CD: Do They Belong to a Common Psychopathological Spectrum? A Case Series

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayanti Ghosh ◽  
Mausumi Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Past History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shared Risk

Purpose of Research. Numerous studies have reported comorbidities, overlapping symptoms, and shared risk factors among cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD). We present three adolescent males aged 13–16 years with conduct disorder having past history of ADHD and ODD.Principal Result. The symptom profile especially in domains of aggression, hostility, and emotionality as well as the manner of progression from ADHD to ODD and CD in the above cases shows a similar pattern.Conclusion. These common developmental pathways and overlapping symptoms suggest the possibility of a common psychopathological spectrum encompassing the three externalizing disorders.

scholarly journals A case report of a spontaneous sternocleidomastoid hematoma: a challenging diagnosis in infantile neck swellings

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monia Ghammam ◽  
Lobna Chouchane ◽  
Jihene Houas ◽  
Mouna Bellakhdher ◽  
Heyfa Bel Hadj Miled ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Past History ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Cervical Hematoma ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
History Of ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background Pediatric neck masses are a common complaint in children. The most common etiologies include congenital lesions, lymphadenopathy, vascular malformations, inflammatory, and malignant lesions. Spontaneous sternocleidomastoid hematoma is exceptional in infant. Case presentation We describe a case of spontaneous cervical hematoma diagnosed in a 4-month-old child. Past history did not reveal a neck trauma, a history of difficult labor, a bleeding disorder or a pertinent family history. The diagnosis was suspected based on the imaging features and confirmed after surgical removal. Conclusions Sternocleidomastoid swelling is commonly encountered in infancy. Ultrasound still remains the initial modality of choice. The management modalities are controversial.

scholarly journals Mixed cortico-medullary adrenal carcinoma in children: looks are deceptive!!

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Khatri ◽  
Nidhi Mahajan ◽  
Niyaz Ahmed Khan ◽  
Natasha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Adrenal Carcinoma ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
First Case ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract Background Mixed cortico-medullary adrenal carcinoma (MCMAC) is an extremely rare entity with scarce literature on its cytomorphology. Case presentation A 2-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain for 3 days and a past history of fever with significant weight loss. On examination, a non-tender left hypochondrial firm mass and an enlarged left supraclavicular node were found. Twenty-four-hour urinary levels of VMA were marginally high. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed a suprarenal heterogeneous mass encasing major vessels. Aspiration cytology of both mass and node showed similar features comprising a predominant population of singly scattered large cells with moderate cytoplasm, eccentric nucleus and prominent nucleolus in a necrotic background. Tumour cells expressed Synaptophysin and Melan-A. In view of increasing respiratory distress, debulking surgery was performed, and histopathology of the specimen revealed the presence of both malignant medullary and cortical components supported by immunohistochemistry making a final diagnosis of MCMAC. The patient succumbed to death in the postoperative period. The cytology slides were reviewed and were seen to show a dual cell population. Conclusion Coexistent malignant cortical and medullary tumour of the adrenal gland is the first case reported in the paediatric age group in the literature with only three previous case reports in adults.

scholarly journals A Case Report on 2 years Child: Hirschprung’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 558-564
Author(s):  
Anushri Kale ◽  
Aditi Badwaik ◽  
Pallavi Dhulse ◽  
Archana Maurya ◽  
Bibin Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Past History ◽  
Rectal Biopsy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Surgical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pull Through ◽  
Hirschprung's Disease

Introduction: Hirschsprung's disease is the most common cause of large intestinal obstructing in neonates. Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital anomaly caused by migratory failure of neural crest cells leading to abnormal innervations of the bowel .The defect begins in the internal and sphincter and extends proximally for a variable length of gut. Hirschprung's disease is a disorder of the gut caused due to congenital absence of ganglion cells in the sub-mucosal and myenteric plexus of intestine. This disease is also known as megacolon or congenital Aganglionic megacolon. Case presentation: A 2 years old male child, known case of Hirschprung’s disease, was brought to AVBRH for further management. As narrated by the mother, the child was not passing stool since birth. There was no history of abdominal distention, vomiting or fever. The child pass the stool with the help of enema which was given to the child in the morning and evening. Mast. Devansh has past history of NICU stay. In View of not passing stools, USG of abdomen and pelvis done. Endorectal pull through surgery was done on 4/02/2021 under general anesthesia. No any past surgical history. There is a past history of rectal biopsy done in 1 1/2 month of age. Conclusion:The patient was admitted in AVBRH for further management. Then the report mainly focused on surgical management and quality nursing care due to which patient was discharged without any further complication and satisfaction.

scholarly journals Pneumomediastinum complicating COVID-19: a case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Henrique Bastos Damous ◽  
Jones Pessoa dos Santos Junior ◽  
Álvaro Vicente Alvarez Pezzano ◽  
Mohamad Abdul Majid Chams ◽  
Nathaly Haritov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Complication ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Orotracheal Intubation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Parenchymal Disease ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia, which may or may not be associated with invasive ventilatory support. Therefore, the report and findings associated with its evolution can be of great contribution in the management of this unknown disease. Case presentation Here, we present a series of four patients with severe pneumomediastinum requiring intensive care unit. These patients developed pneumomediastinum before or during orotracheal intubation (OTI) or without OTI. The four patients were three men and one woman with a mean age of 60.5 years (48–74 years). No patients had a known history of lung disease or traumatic events, except for one patient who had a history of smoking, but who was without parenchymal disease. All intubations were performed without complications. No cases of pneumomediastinum occurred after tracheostomy, and none of the patients had tomographic or bronchoscopic evidence of tracheal injury. Although the pneumomediastinum observed in our cases was apparently not related to a violation of the aerodigestive track, this complication was associated with a worse prognosis. Conclusion Pneumomediastinum is a rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia, and the most likely etiopathogenesis is severe pulmonary involvement, which may or may not be associated with invasive ventilatory support. Future studies with a greater number of cases should elucidate the relationship of pneumomediastinum to a probable prognostic factor.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF STRICTUROPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH INTESTINAL TUBERCULOSIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
G. M. KHAN BALOCH ◽  
KHALID HUSSAIN QURESHI ◽  
ASIM BHATTI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Past History ◽  
Intestinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Easy Operation

Introduction: Abdominal TB is one of the most prevalent forms of extra-pulmonary disease and is prevalent all over the world.Gastrointestinal involvement had been reported to be 55-90%. This study aimed to determine the outcome of stricturoplasty in patients withintestinal tuberculosis. Objective: To determine the outcome of stricturoplasty in patients with intestinal tuberculosis. Study Design:Descriptive case series. Setting: Department of General Surgery, Nishtar Hospital Multan. Duration with dates: Three years from January2009 to December 2011. Subjects & Methods: 120 patients of intestinal TB, who presented with intestinal obstruction in emergency and withsigns and symptoms of intestinal TB in outdoor patient department were selected. History of contact, family history of tuberculosis,immunization, past history of tuberculosis was taken. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. Laparatomy was done in all cases andstricturoplasty was performed. Patients were followed up during hospitalization. Postoperative complications were noted. All information wererecorded on a proforma. Results: Out of 120 patients, 56.7% were male and 43.3% were female having age between 14 to 70 years. Mainpresenting symptoms were pain abdomen, vomiting, distension of abdomen, weight loss, anorexia and low grade fever with sweats. Maincomplications after stricturoplasty were chest infection 40(33.3%), wound dehiscence in 16(13.3%), leakage in 12(10%), recurrence in20(16.7%), scar pigmentation in 12(10%), keloid in 12(10%) patients and herniation in 8(6.7%) patients. Conclusions: Stricturoplasty is a safe,simple and easy operation, particularly useful at small peripheral hospitals with limited staff and resources.

scholarly journals Post-operative functional neurological symptom disorder after anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S D'Souza ◽  
Matthew NP Vogt ◽  
Edwin Rho
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Symptom ◽  
Past History ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
Prior History ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

A rare manifestation during the post-anesthetic period may include the occurrence of functional neurological symptom disorder (FNSD). FNSD is described as neurological symptoms that are not consistently explained by neurological or medical conditions. We report a case series consisting of six patients who underwent a general anesthetic at a tertiary referral hospital and experienced FNSD in the immediate post-anesthetic period. Life-threatening causes were excluded based on benign physical exam findings and knowledge of past history. Five of six cases manifested with FNSD only in the immediate post-operative setting after exposure to anesthesia, and never otherwise experienced these symptoms during their normal daily lives. MEDLINE and Google Scholar were searched through October 2019 using a highly-sensitive search strategy and identified 38 published cases of post-anesthetic FNSD. Meta-analysis of pooled clinical data revealed that a significant proportion of patients were females (86%), reported a history of psychiatric illness (49%), reported a prior history of FNSD (53%), and underwent general anesthesia as the primary anesthetic (93%). The majority of patients were exposed to diagnostic studies (66% received radiographic tests and 52% received electroencephalogram) as well as pharmacologic therapy (57%). While no deaths occurred, many patients had unanticipated admission to the hospital (53%) or to the intensive care unit (25%). These data may help inform the anesthesia literature on presentation, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of FNSD in the context of anesthetic administration. We contemplate whether anesthetic agents may predispose a vulnerable brain to manifest with involuntary motor and sensory control seen in FNSD.

scholarly journals A case series on pulmonary and tissue aspergillosis

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
S Lokesh ◽  
R Prabha ◽  
S Pramodhini ◽  
J.M. Easow
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Invasive Aspergillosis ◽  
Past History ◽  
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Preponderance ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

Aspergilli species cause opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals. Invasive aspergillosis is a highly fatal opportunistic infection that accounts for amajor risk to immunocompromised patients. Among these species, A.fumigatus is the main opportunistic pathogen followed by A.niger and A.flavus. In immunocompetent individuals, the effective innate immunity eliminates theinhaled conidia and Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma are the only infections noted in them. Thus,A.fumigatus was considered for years to beainfirm pathogen. With increase in the number of immunosuppressed patients, however, there has been a marked increase in fatal invasive aspergillosis, which is now the widespread mold infection. In this case series, we have described four cases of aspergillosis. Male preponderance is seen, commonly seen in 4th to 5th decade, 3 out of 4 cases are immunocompromised having diabetes, chronic kidney disease, past history of tuberculosis and only one case was not associated with any comorbid illness. In case 4, the recurrence of polypoidalsinosis itself could be a risk factor causing erosion of nasal mucosa and chronic secretion.The morphological features of intraluminal lesions were of prognostic value. Most of the Aspergillosis patients had a good prognosis with early diagnosis and effective antifungal therapy.It can bedeadly if not diagnosed and treated properly.Very rarely aspergillosis may occur in immunocompetent individuals, which urged us to point outthese cases. With studies suggesting surging incidence and mortality rates, early diagnosis and treatment are paramount to upgrade patient survival.

scholarly journals Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia: a rare bleeding disorder in a Nigerian girl

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 753-757
Author(s):  
Osita U Ezenwosu ◽  
Barth F Chukwu ◽  
Ndubuisi A Uwaezuoke ◽  
Ifeyinwa L Ezenwosu ◽  
Anthony N Ikefuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Bleeding Disorder ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Introduction: Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder due to defective platelet membrane glycoprotein GP IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3). The prevalence is estimated at 1:1,000,000 and it is commonly seen in areas where consanguinity is high. Case Presentation: The authors report a 12 year old Nigerian girl of Igbo ethnic group, born of non-consanguineous parents, who presented with prolonged heavy menstrual bleeding which started at menarche 3 months earlier, weakness and dizziness. She had a past history of recurrent episodes of prolonged epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding and gum bleeding during early childhood. On examination, she was severely pale with a haemic murmur and vaginal bleeding. The initial diag- nosis was menorrhagia secondary to bleeding diathesis possibly von Willebrand’s Disease. She was on supportive treatment with fresh whole blood, fresh frozen plasma and platelets until diagnosis of GT was made in the USA. Currently, she is on 3 monthly intramuscular Depo-provera with remarkable improvement. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented report of GT in our environment where consan- guinity is rarely practised. Our health facilities require adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities for rare diseases like GT. Keywords: Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia; Menorrhagia; Nigerian girl.

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