The reliability and minimal detectable change of Timed Up and Go test in individuals with grade 1 – 3 knee osteoarthritis

Purpose: Performance-based outcome measures are becoming increasingly important in health care. The 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) are frequently used in clinical trials as performance-based tests in many diseases including osteoarthritis. The purposes of this study were: (1) to determine test-retest reliability of data for the 2MWT and the TUG; (2) to determine minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for the TUG and 2MWT in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: 37 patients, who had undergone primary THA, were included. Patients twice performed trials for the 2MWT and TUG on the same day. In addition to demographic data of patients, the Harris Hip Score, 2MWT and TUG scores were recorded. Results: The TUG and 2MWT showed excellent test-retest reliability. The Intraclass correlation coefficient ICC (2,1), Standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable chance at the 95% CI (MDC95) for TUG were 0.96, 0.59 seconds and 1.62 seconds respectively. The ICC (2,1), SEM and MDC95 for 2MWT were 0.96, 6.37 m and 17.56 m respectively. Conclusion: Clinicians and researchers can be confident that greater changes than 1.62 seconds for TUG and 17.56 m for the 2MWT over time represent a real clinical change in rehabilitation process in patients with THA. Both the 2MWT and TUG may assist in early identification of patients who may need additional rehabilitation to reduce the potential for poor outcomes after THA. Therefore, both of these tests can be used in a clinical setting with a small measurement error.

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Reliability and minimal detectable change values for performance-based measures of physical functioning in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glab175 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marla K Beauchamp ◽

Qiukui Hao ◽

Ayse Kuspinar ◽

Cassandra D’Amore ◽

Giulia Scime ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Age Group ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Single Leg Stance ◽

Chair Rise

Abstract BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the relative and absolute reliabilities of five key performance-based measures of physical function in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). METHODS An age-stratified sub-sample of 147 participants from the CLSA who were undergoing their 3-year data collection visit participated in two repeat visits (within one week). Participants underwent tests of grip strength, 4-metre gait speed, Timed Up and Go (TUG), chair-rise and single-leg stance (left, right, mean, maximum). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) values were calculated. RESULTS The relative reliability for grip strength was excellent (ICC = 0.95); the TUG and single-leg stance tests had good reliability (ICC = 0.80 or 0.78-0.82, respectively); gait speed and the chair-rise test had moderate reliability (ICC=0.64 for both) for participants overall. For participants between 50 and 64 years, TUG and gait speed had poor reliabilities (ICC = 0.38 or 0.33, respectively). For participants aged 75+ years, the single-leg stance had poor reliability (ICC=0.30-0.39). The MDC90 was about 6 kg for grip strength, 2.3 seconds for TUG, 0.2 metres/second for gait speed, 5.2 seconds for chair-rise, and ranged from 22.8 to 26.2 seconds for the single-leg stance. CONCLUSIONS Among community-dwelling Canadians >50 years old, the reliabilities of the CLSA measures were moderate to excellent. The TUG and gait speed in the youngest age group, and the single-leg stance in oldest age group, showed poor reliability. MDC values can be used to interpret changes over time.

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Minimal Detectable Change in Quadriceps Strength and Voluntary Muscle Activation in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Yearbook of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.yspm.2011.01.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 294-295

Author(s):

M.R. Pierrynowski

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Quadriceps Strength ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Voluntary Muscle

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Test-retest Reliability and Minimum Detectable Change of 2-Minute Walk Test among Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/49079.15142 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shefally ChaudHary ◽

Ammar Suhail

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Measurement Properties ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Walking Capacity ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Minute Walk

Introduction: The 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) is a simple, practical, and less time consuming test. Patients do not get fatigued while performing this test as a part of routine physical examination. 2MWT shows an excellent correlation with other walk tests and can be used as an alternative test in patients with multiple co- morbidities. The reliability of a test is a must for its recommendation to be used in clinics as well as research. Measurement properties have been reported in different populations for 2MWT. However, no data exist for 2MWT in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA). Aim: To establish the test-retest reliability and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) scores for the 2MWT in patients with bilateral KOA. Materials and Methods: A prospective test-retest research study designed to assess the reliability of 2MWT. Eighty-two patients with KOA (27 males and 55 females) were included in the study. Health status was assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and WOMAC were assessed on two consecutive days. Participants performed 2MWT on two different occasions with 48 hours difference in between. Both sessions were conducted for 45 minutes each on a 30 meter walking pathway. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: 2MWT showed an excellent test-retest reliability. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for 2MWT were 0.98. Test-retest reliability assessed by two trials of 2MWT showed 1st trial mean±SD of 154.33±19.59 m and 2nd trial mean±SD of 156.69±19.68 m. Mean difference±SD between both trials was 2.36±2.74, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change at 95% confidence level (MDC95) for 2MWT were 2.76 and 5.52 meters, respectively. Conclusion: The study recommends that 2MWT can be used as a test for assessing walking capacity among patients with KOA. A change of more than 5.52 meters can be considered as change-free of error. It can be used as an alternative to 6MWT in patients with KOA who cannot tolerate a higher duration/intensity walk test.

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The test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and minimal detectable change of the L test in patients with total hip arthroplasty

Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy ◽

10.1186/s43161-021-00038-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatih Özden ◽

Gökhan Coşkun ◽

Serkan Bakırhan

Keyword(s):

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Harris Hip Score ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Total Hip ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The L test is a modified version of the timed up and go test (TUG) with an L-shaped walking path. The L test is more extensive than other performance tests, especially in turn direction and specific tasks. The study aimed to evaluate the test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and minimal detectable change of the L test in patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 33 unilateral and primary THA patients. The L test was performed twice with an interval of an hour on the same day for the test-retest reliability. Timed up and go test (TUG), five times sit to stand test (FTST), and Harris hip score (HHS) were carried out for the analysis of the concurrent validity of the L test. Results The mean age of the participants was 74.6 ± 10.3 years. The ICC score of the L test was 0.992. Test-retest reliability was excellent. SEM95 and MDC95 values were 3.39 and 9.39, respectively. Both TUG and HHS were strongly correlated with the L test (r1 = 0.889, r2 = −0.568, p < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between FTST and L test (r = 0.024, p > 0.05). Conclusions The L test is valid and reliable performance measurement in patients with primary unilateral THA. MDC95 of the L test is an essential reference for clinicians in the rehabilitation follow-up process of THA patients.

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EFEKTIVITAS BALANCE EXERCISE DAN GAIT TRAINING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESEIMBANGAN DAN KECEPATAN BERJALAN PADA KASUS STROKE ISKEMIK

Indonesian Journal of Physiotherapy ◽

10.52019/ijpt.v1i2.3015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Aditya Denny Pratama ◽

Aisyah Aji Furqonah

Keyword(s):

Gait Training ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Walk Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Minimally Clinically Important Difference ◽

Clinically Important Difference ◽

Balance Exercise ◽

10 Meter Walk Test

Stroke merupakan hilangnya fungsi otak secara mendadak dan memicu kelumpuhan unilateral yang dapat mengurangi kontrol postur dan keseimbangan sehingga pasien kesulitan untuk berjalan. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas balance exercise dan gait training terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dan kecepatan berjalan pada pasien stroke menggunakan parameter Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) dan 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT). Metode yang digunakan adalah evidence-based case report dengan pertanyaan klinis, “Bagaimana efektivitas balance exercise dan gait training terhadap peningkatan keseimbangan dan kecepatan berjalan pada kasus stroke iskemik?” dengan penelusuran bukti pada 3 database, yaitu Pubmed, science direct, dan scopus. Setelah dilakukan 6 kali evaluasi terdapat peningkatan keseimbangan dan kecepatan dimana pada evaluasi pertama didapatkan hasil pengukuran TUGT sebesar 14,14 detik, self selected velocity 0,63m/s dan fast velocity 0,66m/s. Pada evaluasi keenam didapatkan hasil sebesar 09,50 detik, self selected velocity 1,34m/s dan fast velocity 1,40m/s sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa balance exercise dan gait training efektif dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan dan kecepatan berjalan pada pasien stroke dengan nilai minimal detectable change (MDC) TUGT sebesar 2,9 detik dan 10MWT pada self selected velocity sebesar 0,18m/s dan fast velocity sebesar 0,13m/s serta nilai minimally clinically important difference (MCID) TUGT sebesar 3,4 detik dan 10MWT sebesar 0,16m/s.

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A prospective study to establish the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals with stroke

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/02692155211025131 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026921552110251

Author(s):

Marla K Beauchamp ◽

Rudy Niebuhr ◽

Patricia Roche ◽

Renata Kirkwood ◽

Kathryn M Sibley

Keyword(s):

Stroke Rehabilitation ◽

Minimal Clinically Important Difference ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Global Rating ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Clinically Important Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Small Change ◽

A Prospective Study

Objective: To determine the minimal clinically important difference of the Mini-BESTest in individuals’ post-stroke. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Outpatient stroke rehabilitation. Subjects: Fifty outpatients with stroke with a mean (SD) age of 60.8 (9.4). Intervention: Outpatients with stroke were assessed with the Mini-BESTest before and after a course of conventional rehabilitation. Rehabilitation sessions occurred one to two times/week for one hour and treatment duration was 1.3–42 weeks (mean (SD) = 17.4(10.6)). Main measures: We used a combination of anchor- and distribution-based approaches including a global rating of change in balance scale completed by physiotherapists and patients, the minimal detectable change with 95% confidence, and the optimal cut-point from receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: The average (SD) Mini-BESTest score at admission was 18.2 (6.5) and 22.4 (5.2) at discharge (effect size: 0.7) ( P = 0.001). Mean change scores on the Mini-BESTest for patient and physiotherapist ratings of small change were 4.2 and 4.3 points, and 4.7 and 5.3 points for substantial change, respectively. The minimal detectable change with 95% confidence for the Mini-BESTest was 3.2 points. The minimally clinical importance difference was determined to be 4 points for detecting small changes and 5 points for detecting substantial changes. Conclusions: A change of 4–5 points on the Mini-BEST is required to be perceptible to clinicians and patients, and beyond measurement error. These values can be used to interpret changes in balance in stroke rehabilitation research and practice.

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