scholarly journals Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and distress: - a cross-sectional nationwide survey in men with prostate cancer in Sweden

BMC Urology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrika Rönningås ◽  
Per Fransson ◽  
Maja Holm ◽  
Agneta Wennman-Larsen
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Bolduc ◽  
Brant A. Inman ◽  
Louis Lacombe ◽  
Yves Fradet ◽  
Roland R. Tremblay

Purpose: We assessed the role of urinary prostate-specific antigen(uPSA) in the follow-up of prostate cancer after retropubic radicalprostatectomy (RRP) for the early detection of local recurrences.Methods: We recruited 50 patients previously treated for prostatecancer with RRP and who had not experienced a prostatespecificantigen (PSA) recurrence within their first postoperativeyear into a cross-sectional laboratory assessment and prospective6-year longitudinal follow-up study. We defined biochemicalfailure as a serum PSA (sPSA) of 0.3 μg/L or greater. Patientsprovided blood samples and a 50-mL sample of first-voided urine.We performed Wilcoxon rank-sum and Fisher exact tests for statisticalanalysis.Results: The median sPSA was 0.13 μg/L. The median uPSA was0.8 μg/L, and was not significantly different when comparingGleason scores or pathological stages. Of the 50 patients, 27 initiallyhad a nondetectable sPSA but a detectable uPSA, and11 patients experienced sPSA failure after 6 years. Six patients haddetectable sPSA and uPSA initially. Fifteen patients were negativefor both sPSA and uPSA, and 13 remained sPSA-free after 6 years.The odds ratio (OR) of having sPSA failure given a positive uPSAtest was 4.5 if sPSA was undetectable, but was reduced to 2.6 ifsPSA was detectable. The pooled Mantel–Haenszel OR of 4.2 suggestedthat a detectable uPSA quadrupled the risk of recurrence,independent of whether sPSA was elevated or not. The sensitivityof uPSA for detecting future sPSA recurrences was 81% andspecificity was 45%.Conclusion: Urinary PSA could contribute to an early detection oflocal recurrences of prostate cancer after a radical prostatectomy.Objectif : Nous avons évalué le rôle de l’antigène prostatiquespécifique (APS) urinaire dans le suivi du cancer de la prostateaprès prostatectomie radicale rétropubienne (PRR) pour le dépistageprécoce de récidives locales.Méthodes : Cinquante patients atteints de cancer de la prostatetraités par PRR et n’ayant présenté aucune récidive avec anomaliede l’APS dans l’année suivant l’intervention chirurgicale ontété inscrits à une étude transversale par épreuves de laboratoireavec suivi longitudinal prospectif sur 6 ans. L’échec sur le planbiochimique était défini comme un taux d’APS sérique de 0,3 μg/Lou plus. Les patients devaient fournir des échantillons de sanget un échantillon d’urine du matin de 50 mL. Les analyses statistiquesreposaient sur le test de Wilcoxon et la méthode exactede Fisher.Résultats : La valeur médiane de l’APS sérique était de 0,13 μg/L.La valeur médiane de l’APS urinaire était de 0,8 μg/L; la différenceétait non significative quand on tenait compte des scores deGleason ou des stades pathologiques. Sur les 50 patients,27 présentaient des taux d’APS sérique non décelables au début,mais des taux d’APS urinaire décelables; 11 patients ont présentéun échec quant aux taux d’APS sérique après 6 ans. Six patientsavaient des taux d’APS sérique et urinaire décelables au départ.Quinze patients n’avaient aucun taux décelable d’APS sérique ouurinaire, et aucun APS sérique n’était toujours décelable chez13 patients après 6 ans. Le rapport de risque d’un échec quantaux taux d’APS sérique après détection d’APS urinaire est de 4,5en l’absence d’un taux d’APS sérique décelable, mais diminueà 2,6 en présence d’un taux d’APS sérique décelable. Le rapportde risque cumulé de 4,21 calculé par la méthode deMantel–Haenszel porte à croire que des taux d’APS urinaire décelablesquadruplent le risque de présenter une récidive, queles taux sériques soient élevés ou non. La sensibilité du test dedépistage de l’APS urinaire pour la détection des récidives avecanomalie des taux sériques était de 81 %, et la spécificité, de 45 %.Conclusion : Le taux d’APS urinaire peut contribuer à un dépistageprécoce des récidives locales après une prostatectomie radicale.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Bhusan Raj Timilsina ◽  
Gaurav Devkota ◽  
Shweta Giri ◽  
Sulav Pradhan ◽  
Sudeep RaJ KC

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common and leading cause of death among different genitourinary causes. However, screening of prostate cancer is limited to Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) in Nepal. The aim of this study is to find out which modality is more helpful for the diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal. All patients included in this study were who presented to the OPD with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). The patients were above the age of 40 with clinical suspicion prostate cancer based on either DRE or PSA.   Results: A total of 150 patients were enrolled from April 2019 to April 2020. Their mean± SD age was of 65.18±9.38 years. The accuracy of the diagnostic test for DRE and PSA were cut off at 4, PSA cut off range of 4 to 10, PSA cut off range of 10 to 30 and PSA cut off at 30 showed that all the screening indices were better for DRE (Sensitivity=100%, Specificity=59.2%, Diagnostic Accuracy=62.2%) than for PSA cut off at 4 (Sensitivity=100%, Specificity=27.6%, Diagnostic Accuracy=32.9%). Among various cut off score or ranges for PSA, cut off score at 30 provided the best screening indices with Sensitivity of 66.7%, Specificity of 97.4% and Diagnostic Accuracy of 95.1%. Conclusions: PSA has higher diagnostic accuracy then DRE. Keywords: DRE; LUTS; Prostate cancer; PSA.  


Author(s):  
Nendyah Roestijawati ◽  
Lintje Setyawati Maurits ◽  
Sugiyanto Sugiyanto

<p>BACKGROUND<br />Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is classified as a human carcinogen (group IA), one of the cancers that it can cause being prostate cancer. The development of prostate cancer on a molecular basis involves oncogenes such as insuline-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Prostate cancer can be detected in the laboratory through the examination of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The present study aimed to determine the relationship of Cd levels with levels of PSA and IGF-1 in exposed and unexposed workers.</p><p>METHODS<br />The study design was cross sectional. The subjects of the studycame from two groups of workers, ie. the group of Cd exposed workers who were welding shop workers and the group of unexposed workers who were office workers. The minimum samplesize was 85 people. The independent variable was blood Cd level. The dependent variables were PSA and IGF-1 levels. Blood Cd levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while PSA and IGF-1 were measured using ELISA. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman correlation test.</p><p>RESULTS<br />Mean blood Cd level in the exposed workers was 6.5 mg/L and in the unexposed workers 2.15 mg/L. There was a relationship between blood Cd and PSA levels (p&lt;0.05) and between blood Cd levels and IGF-1 (p &lt;0.05).</p><p>CONCLUSIONS<br />There was a relationship of blood Cd with PSA and IGF-1 levels.among workers. PSA and IGF-1 could be a biochemical markers of disease control in cadmium exposed workers.</p>


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252220
Author(s):  
Emilia T. Choto ◽  
Takafira Mduluza ◽  
Moses J. Chimbari

Background Chronic schistosomiasis is predominantly induced through up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-13. IL-13 may contribute to the disease outcomes by increasing eosinophil infiltration thereby promoting fibrosis. IL-13 may act as an immunosuppressive inflammatory cytokine that may promote carcinogenesis and also may offer protection against schistosomiasis thereby reducing risk of schistosome infections. Our study evaluated the frequency of the IL-13 rs1800925/-1112 C/ T promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among schistosomiasis infected individuals and assessed the association of the variants on IL-13 cytokine levels. We also investigated IL-13 rs1800925 polymorphisms on prostate-specific antigen levels as an indicator for risk of prostate cancer development. Methodology The study was cross-sectional and included 50 schistosomiasis infected and 316 uninfected male participants residing in Murehwa District, Zimbabwe. IL-13 rs1800925 SNPs were genotyped by allele amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction. Concentrations of serum prostate-specific antigens and plasma IL-13 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Frequencies of the genotypes CC, CT and TT, were 20%, 58% and 22% in schistosomiasis infected, and 18.3%, 62.1% and 19.6% in uninfected participants with no statistical differences. There were significantly (p<0.05) higher IL-13 cytokine levels among both infected and uninfected participants with the genotypes CC and CT; median 92.25 pg/mL and 106.5 pg/mL, respectively, compared to TT variant individuals; 44.78 pg/mL. Within the schistosomiasis uninfected group, CC and CT variants had significantly (p<0.05) higher IL-13 levels; median 135.0 pg/mL and 113.6 pg/mL, respectively compared to TT variant individuals; 47.15 pg/mL. Within the schistosomiasis infected group, CC, CT and TT variant individuals had insignificant differences of IL-13 level. Using logistic regression, no association was observed between prostate-specific antigen levels, IL-13 cytokine levels and IL-13 rs1800925 variants (p>0.05). Conclusion IL-13 rs1800925 C variant individuals had the highest IL-13 cytokine levels among the schistosomiasis uninfected suggesting that they may be protective against Schistosoma infections. There was no association between IL-13 concentrations or IL-13 rs1800925 variants and risk of prostate cancer indicating that IL-13 levels and IL-13 rs10800925 may not be utilised as biomarker for risk of prostate cancer in schistosome infections.


2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e93
Author(s):  
C. Meyer ◽  
D. Friedlander ◽  
K. Choi ◽  
A. Cole ◽  
F. Abdollah ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Martin Igbokwe ◽  
Ayo Salako ◽  
Tajudeen Badmus ◽  
Eusebius Obiajunwa ◽  
Olalekan Olasehinde ◽  
...  

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the commonest maliganacy among men of African descent. The possible role of trace elements like Zinc in its aetiogenesis and disease severity remains controversial. This paper aims to identify the relationship between tissue zinc concentration and the occurrence of prostate cancer. And to identify the relationship between the tissue zinc concentration and the disease severity (using the prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Gleason scores (GS)).Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 41 consecutive consenting men with histologically confirmed PCa and 41 age-matched controls. Toe-nail clippings were obtained from both groups and assayed for zinc using the Particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique. Zinc concentrations were compared between cases and controls. A correlation analysis was performed to determine relationship between Zinc concentration and disease severity (PSA and GS). Results: Forty one men each were recruited in the Prostate cancer and control groups for this study. PCa group had a mean age of 72.83 ± 7.06 years while the control group was 70.73 ±6.40 years. There was statistically significant higher toe-nail Zn concentration among Prostate cancer patients than controls (P= 0.028, t=2.28, df=40). The mean PSA values among the Prostate cancer group was 46.10 ± 40.62ng/ml and mode GS was 8.There was neither a correlation between toe-nail Zn concentration and serum PSA levels (p=0.386) nor with the GS. Conclusion: This study found a statistically significant higher toe-nail Zn concentration among men with PCa compared with age-matched controls. There was however no correlation between toe-nail Zn concentration and the serum prostate specific antigen or Gleason score.


Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Lucas Lima Galvão ◽  
Sheilla Tribess ◽  
Tamara Guimarães Silva ◽  
Cremilda Garcia Santa Rosa ◽  
Cristian Gomes Pereira ◽  
...  

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer among men, behind only non-melanoma skin cancer, and the main method of screening for PC is the prostate-specific antigen (PSA). To analyze the prevalence and the factors associated with high concentration of PSA in the elderly is essential to understand this outcome, and building strategies to decrease their rates of morbidity and mortality. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 96 elderly men. A high level of PSA was defined by >4.0 ng/mL. In order to identify sociodemographic, health, functional and behavioral variables, which may be associated with high levels of PSA, we carried out a multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. Results: The prevalence of high levels of PSA was 21.9% (n = 21). High levels of PSA was associated with years of study, race/ethnicity and family arrangement, health perception, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, metabolic diseases, alcohol consumption and sedentary behavior. Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of high PSA concentrations in the elderly and several aspects are associated, which can be a worrying factor for their health, since PSA is an important marker of prostate cancer.


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