Tooth alignment and pain experience with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires are routinely used for initial leveling and alignment of teeth in orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to clinically compare the level of pain and tooth alignment in orthodontic treatment with A-NiTi versus Cu-NiTi archwires. Methods In this parallel randomized clinical trial, 88 orthodontic patients (12–25 years) with an irregularity index > 2 mm in the anterior site of the lower dental arch who required non-extraction orthodontic treatment of the lower arch were randomized into two age- and sex-matched groups (n = 44) for treatment with A-NiTi and Cu-NiTi initial archwires. Each archwire was used for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, the irregularity index was measured, and the level of pain was scored using the Modified McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) according to the time of onset and duration of pain, and analgesic intake. Data were analyzed by paired t test, independent samples t test, and Chi-square test (P < 0.05). Results The irregularity index significantly decreased in both groups after 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.001). However, the difference in this respect was not significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). Pain perception (P = 0.487), duration of pain (P = 0.546), and analgesic intake (P = 0.102) were not significantly different between the two groups either. Conclusion Both A-NiTi and Cu-NiTi archwires are equally effective for tooth alignment in the anterior site of the lower dental arch and have no significant difference with regard to the level of pain experienced by patients. Trial registration number: IRCT20190705044102N1 and Name of the registry: Iranian registry of clinical trials (https://irct.ir/) Date of registration: September, 26, 2019

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Efficacy of Lignocaine in Gel and Spray form during Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1611 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 750-754 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Anshul Sharma ◽

BS Suprabha

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Chi Square ◽

Topical Anesthetic ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Spray Form ◽

Buccal Infiltration ◽

Infiltration Anesthesia

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the efficacy of 15% lignocaine spray and 8% lignocaine gel as a topical anesthetic, in reducing pain, during buccal infiltration in children. Materials and methods Forty-two patients aged between 7 and 12 years requiring restorative procedures/extraction/pulp therapy of primary/ permanent teeth in the maxillary arch, under buccal infiltration anesthesia were selected for the study. The participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups of 21 each. In group A, 8% lignocaine gel and in group B, 15% lignocaine spray was applied prior to buccal infiltration. Pain was assessed using Wong-Baker faces pain rating scale (WBFPRS) and faces legs activity cry and consolability (FLACC) painscale. Results Pearson's chi-square test revealed that there was no significant difference in the FLACC scores of the two groups (p = 0.54). Independent t-test demonstrated that there was no significant difference in Wong-Bakers faces pain score between the two agents (p = 0.07). Conclusion There is no significant difference in the efficacy of 15% lignocaine spray and 8% lignocaine gel as a topical anesthetic in controlling pain during buccal infiltration anesthesia, in children. How to cite this article Sharma A, Suprabha BS, Shenoy R, Rao A. Efficacy of Lignocaine in Gel and Spray form during Buccal Infiltration Anesthesia in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(6):750-754.

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The degree of color change, rebound effect and sensitivity of bleached teeth associated with at-home and power bleaching techniques: A randomized clinical trial

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.120655 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

pp. 405-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Fatemeh Velayati Moghadam ◽

Sara Majidinia ◽

Joseph Chasteen ◽

Marjaneh Ghavamnasiri

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Color Change ◽

Rebound Effect ◽

Color Difference ◽

Chi Square ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

At Home

ABSTRACT Aim: The purpose of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the color change, rebound effect and sensitivity of at-home bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide and power bleaching using 38% hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods: For bleaching techniques, 20 subjects were randomized in a split mouth design (at-home and power bleaching): In maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth (n = 20). Color was recorded before bleaching, immediately after bleaching, at 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 month intervals. Tooth sensitivity was recorded using the visual analog scale. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare both groups regarding bleaching effectiveness (∆E 1 ), rebound effect (∆E 2 ) and color difference between the rebounded tooth color and unbleached teeth (∆E 3) while the Wilcoxon compared ∆E within each group. Distribution of sensitivity was evaluated using the Chi-square test (α =0.05). Results: There was no significant difference between groups regarding ∆E 1 and ∆E 3 (P > 0.05). Even though, ∆E 2 showed no significant difference between groups after bleaching as well as at 2 week, 1 month and 3 month follow-up periods (P > 0.05). Although, significant difference was found in ∆E 2 (P < 0.05 Mann-Whitney) between two methods after 6 months and a high degree of rebound effect was obtained with power bleaching. Within each group, there was no significant difference between ∆E 1 and ∆E 3 (P < 0.05 Wilcoxon). The distribution of sensitivity was identical with both techniques (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Bleaching techniques resulted in identical tooth whitening and post-operative sensitivity using both techniques, but faster color regression was found with power bleaching even though color regression to the baseline of the teeth in both groups was the same after 6 months.

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Frequency of Extractions in Various Skeletal Patterns in Orthodontic Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan

Orthodontic Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ojn.v10i3.35488 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 27-30

Author(s):

Ahsan Khalid ◽

Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽

Muhammad Anas Sufian ◽

Zainab Ahmed ◽

Sameera Jamshed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Class Ii ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Data Registration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Skeletal Pattern ◽

Extraction Pattern ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Difference

Introduction: When the 20th century started Orthodontics was first recognized as a science. The removal or extraction of teeth destroys the ideal esthetics and occlusion, which was the base of orthodontic treatment plans. Edward Hartley Angle and his followers were not supporters of extraction due to this reason. Extreme dental or maxillary protrusion leading to facial deformities could be corrected by dental extraction was supported by Calvin Case who was a strong opponent of the Angle., for mainly analyzing the frequency of use of orthodontic extractions after evaluating the changes in the use of extraction in past years. The frequency of extractions was examined in relation to gender and Angle’s malocclusion classification. Materials and Method: This is a retrospective observational study. It was conducted in Orthodontics Department of Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, from 2015 to 2020. In this study records from 1032 patients who reported to orthodontic department in Nishtar institute of dentistry Multan for fixed orthodontic treatment were taken. For data registration SPSS 20 (IBM Chicago Illinois) was used. Frequency of extractions with regards to gender, skeletal pattern and types of extraction pattern was determined. In order to assess the association among variables Chi square test was applied and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Result: In respect of extraction group, 222 (41.3%) were males and 316 (58.7%) were female and whereas in nonextraction group, 83 (16.8%) were males and 411 (83.2%) were females. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). The frequency of extraction in reference to Angle’s classification was analyzed, and no significant difference was found (p=0.992). Frequency of extraction was highest in class-II division-I malocclusion, and the lowest frequency of orthodontic tooth extraction was seen in class-II division-II malocclusion. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results of our study that females had higher frequency of extractions as compared to males. Similarly, class II malocclusion patients had highest frequency while lowest frequency was in Class I malocclusions.

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The Effect of Valerian and Ginger on Dysmenorrhea: A Randomized Clinical Trial

International Journal of Women s Health and Reproduction Sciences ◽

10.15296/ijwhr.2020.15 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 101-105

Author(s):

Masoumeh Davood Abadi ◽

Katayon Vakilian ◽

Nafiseh Seyyed Zadeh Aghdam ◽

Mehdi Ranjbaran

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Young Females ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Analgesic Use

Objectives: Dysmenorrhea is a frequent complaint in young females. In recent years, researchers have grown an interest in the use of herbal drugs to decrease menstrual pain given the side effects of chemical drugs. This project was conducted to evaluate the effect of valerian and ginger on the duration of pain and analgesic use in dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: This triple-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 210 dormitory females who were randomly divided into valerian, ginger, and control groups after opening an envelope. In this study, 250 and 350 mg of ginger and valerian in each capsule were administered, respectively, and 250 mg sugar was used as a placebo. The number of days with pain and analgesic use were evaluated as well. Finally, descriptive (percentage and mean) and inferential (t test, post hoc, and chi-square at a significance level of 0.05) statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the study showed a marginally significant difference in the duration of pain between ginger (1.61±0.64 days) and control (2.12±0.81 days) groups (P=0.052), and significant difference between ginger (1.61±0.64 days) and valerian (2.53±1.43 days) groups (P=0.001). The mean days of analgesic use among the three groups were not different significantly (P>0.05). However, the mean severity of symptoms significantly differed between ginger (0.73±0.28) and control (0.3±0.04) groups and increased in the ginger group (P=0.003). Conclusions: In general, the administration of valerian and ginger at the doses used in this study failed to produce desirable analgesic effects and thus could not decrease the symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea

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Comparison of changes in irregularity and transverse width with nickel-titanium and niobium-titanium-tantalum-zirconium archwires during initial orthodontic alignment in adolescents: A double-blind randomized clinical trial

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/061417-393.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 348-354 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Barrett Nordstrom ◽

Toshihiro Shoji ◽

W. Cameron Anderson ◽

Henry W. Fields ◽

F. Michael Beck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Nickel Titanium ◽

Initial Alignment ◽

Double Blind ◽

Nickel Allergy ◽

Irregularity Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Niobium Titanium ◽

Niti Wires

ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was to compare the clinical efficiency of nickel-titanium (NiTi) and niobium-titanium-tantalum-zirconium (TiNbTaZr) archwires during initial orthodontic alignment. Materials and Methods: All subjects (ages between 12 and 20 years) underwent nonextraction treatment using 0.022-inch brackets. All patients were randomized into two groups for initial alignment with 0.016-inch NiTi archwires (n = 14), or with 0.016-inch TiNbTaZr archwires (n = 14). Digital scans were taken during the course of treatment and were used to compare the improvement in Little's Irregularity Index and the changes in intercanine and intermolar widths. Results: There was approximately a 27% reduction in crowding during the first month with the use of 0.016-inch TiNbTaZr (Gummetal) wire, and an additional 25% decrease in crowding was observed during the next month. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups in the decrease in irregularity over time (P = .29). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the changes in intercanine and intermolar width (P = .80). Conclusions: It can be concluded that Gummetal wires and conventional NiTi wires possess a similar ability to align teeth, and Gummetal wires have additional advantages over conventional NiTi, such as formability and use in patients with nickel allergy.

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The correlation between pain perception among patients with six different orthodontic archwires and the degree of dental crowding

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1504134m ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 143 (3-4) ◽

pp. 134-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Evgenija Markovic ◽

Janko Fercec ◽

Ivana Scepan ◽

Branislav Glisic ◽

Nenad Nedeljkovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽

Self Medication ◽

Chi Square ◽

Fixed Appliances ◽

Orthodontic Archwires ◽

Dental Crowding

Introduction. Forces generated in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances create tension and compression zones in the periodontal ligament resulting in a painful experience for patients. In the first phase of orthodontic treatment, when leveling of teeth is needed, nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires can be completely engaged in brackets, even in the cases of extreme crowding, exerting small forces. There is a great individual variation in the pain perception related to the application of orthodontic forces. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the pain perception among patients with dental crowding after insertion of six different NiTi orthodontic archwires as a part of fixed appliances in the first stage of orthodontic treatment. Methods. The study was conducted on a sample of 189 orthodontic patients receiving one of six different either superelastic or heat activated NiTi archwires, in the first phase of orthodontic treatment. Pain perception was evaluated in groups of patients with different degree of crowding. The modified McGill Pain Questionnaire with Visual Analogue Scale was used to evaluate the quality and intensity of pain. Statistical analysis was performed using simple descriptive statistics, and Pearson`s chi-square test with statistical significance of p<0.05. Results. Majority of patients reported pain as discomfort or pressure of moderate intensity caused by chewing or biting, started within 12 hours, carried on for 3-4 days, and decreased over time without self-medication. Conclusion. No correlation was found between pain perception among patients with different types of NiTi archwires and the degree of crowding.

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Comparison of personality traits, attitude toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/121813-927.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 474-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽

Mona A. Abu Nabaa ◽

Emad F. Al Maaitah ◽

Mahmoud K. Al-Omairi

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Pain Score ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Chi Square ◽

Experienced Pain ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare personality traits, attitude toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects (50 male and 50 female) were included in this study. The mean (SD) age was 17.5 (2.05) years at T1 and 19.15 (2.32) years at T2. The instruments for data collection were questionnaires that included assessment of patients' personality traits, attitudes toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception/experience. Subjects completed the questionnaires at two different times: before orthodontic treatment (T1) and after fixed orthodontic treatment (T2). Subjects were treated by fixed orthodontic appliances for an average (SD) period of 18.64 (0.35) months. Paired sample t-test and chi-square test were used to detect any differences. Results: Significant changes in personality traits were detected after orthodontic treatment irrespective of gender. Neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness scores were improved (P < .001). A positive attitude toward orthodontic treatment was reported at T1 (4.31 [±1.26]) and improved at T2 (3.98 [±1.16]) irrespective of gender (P < .05). The average (SD) expected pain score (T1) was 4.73 (1.88) and the average (SD) experienced pain score (T2) was 4.63 (1.58). Significant difference in the expected and experienced pain scores was not detected (P = .11). Conclusions: Personality traits and attitude toward orthodontic treatment improved after orthodontic treatment. Reported actual pain experience during orthodontic treatment was similar to that expected before treatment.

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Comparison the Effect of Organized education by Group discussion and film screening on Anxiety and Contrast-induced nephropathy in Coronary catheterization Patients; A Randomized Clinical Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-526487/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Majid Nastaran ◽

Nahid Aghebati ◽

Homa FalSoleiman ◽

Habibollah Esmaily ◽

Hossein Jeddi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽

Chi Square ◽

Coronary Catheterization ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychological complications in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization that can be effective on the patients' understanding to do self-care to prevent some complications such as contrast induced nephropathy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of education by group discussion with videotape on anxiety and contrast induced nephropathy of Coronary catheterization patients. Method: A randomized clinical trial was implemented with 213 patients in three groups at Javad-Al-Aemeh Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, during February to September 2018. An organized educational program was first developed based on an integrative review. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups: group discussion (n=71), film (n=73) and control (n=69) using randomized time blocks. Anxiety was assessed using Spiel Berger Inventory before and 1 hour after the education, before transferring to Cat Lab. The serum creatinine was assessed on arrival, 24 and 72 hours after the procedure. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Tukey, repeated ANOVA, paired t test and chi square tests by SPSS16. Results: There was no significant difference in mean anxiety between groups before the intervention (P= 0.64), but the anxiety in the videotape group and group discussion decreased significantly after the intervention (p<0.001). There wasn't any significant clinical increase in serum creatinine in all three groups after 72 hours.Conclusion: Using Group discussion and film screening can be recommended to the community nurses to reduce the cardiac catheterization candidate patient's anxiety and prevent contrast-induced nephropathy.The present study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with a code of IRCT2016022626776N1.Registration date in IRCT : 2017-07-23, 1396/05/01https://www.irct.ir/trial/22094

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The effect of aromatherapy using Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) and Citrus aurantium L. extracts to treat anxiety of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomized clinical trial in Iran

Biomedical Research and Therapy ◽

10.15419/bmrat.v5i3.423 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 2096-2110 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jamshid Eslami ◽

Abed Ebrahimi ◽

Ayda Hosseinkhani ◽

Zaher Khazaei ◽

Isan Darvishi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Citrus Aurantium ◽

Patient Anxiety ◽

Lavandula Angustifolia ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

Introduction: Nowadays, complementary medicine such as aromatherapy has an important application in medicine, particularly in treating anxiety. The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of aromatherapy using lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) and Citrus aurantium L. extracts on the anxiety level of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Training Hospital in Iran. Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) was carried out in 2017 on a total of 90 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using aromatherapy. The subjects were randomly assigned to 3 groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria using sampling methods based on the goals. Two groups received either aromatherapy with Lavandula angustifolia Miller extract, aromatherapy with Citrus aurantium L. extract. The third group (control) received a placebo (odorless oil). The aromatherapy was performed on all subjects for 20 minutes. Patient anxiety was assessed using a Spielberg questionnaire before and after applying the aromatherapy intervention. The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS software via Chi-square test, one-tailed variance analysis, Tukey, t-tests, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: State and trait anxiety decreased for the aromatherapy groups, compared to control group, after applying the aromatherapy (P<0.001); moreover, there was an increased severity of anxiety in the control group (P<0.05). Indeed, the effects of aromatherapy with Lavandula angustifolia Miller and Citrus aurantium L. extracts were observed and confirmed; both extracts significantly decreased the severity of anxiety in the trial groups as compared to the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, the effect of aromatherapy with both of the aforementioned extracts was similar to each other. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) and Citrus aurantium L. extracts in aromatherapy; therefore, either extract may be applied and useful in the clinic to alleviate preoperative anxiety.

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Anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine buccal infiltration in the urgency treatment of mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i5.14651 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. e32910514651

Author(s):

Marcelo Capitanio ◽

Izabela Volpato Marques Tookuni ◽

Nair Narumi Orita Pavan ◽

Isolde Terezinha Santos Previdelli ◽

Angélica Nascimento dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽

Control Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Mandibular Molars ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Buccal Infiltration ◽

Irreversible Pulpitis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the 4% articaine by the buccal infiltration technique (BI) after inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 2% mepivacaine, both with 1:100,000 epinephrine, in the urgency treatment of mandibular molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). This was a prospective study, with a randomized, blinded, controlled parallel clinical trial experimental design. Thirty patients diagnosed with SIP were randomly assigned, and the control group (G1) received the IANB with 1.8 mL of mepivacaine while the experimental group (G2) also received a supplemental BI with 1.8 mL of articaine. To evaluate the anesthetic efficacy, in addition to lip numbness test, the electric pulp testing (EPT) was used. Additionally, a visual analogue scale verified the presence of pain. Two-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests were applied at a significance level of 5%. There was a reduction in pain perception after the two techniques (p<0.001), with no difference between groups (p=0.479). The anesthetic efficacy was 26.6% for IANB (G1) and 40% for IANB plus BI (G2), without significant difference between the two treatments (p=0.699). The BI with 4% articaine after IANB with 2% mepivacaine, both with 1:100,000 epinephrine, did not significantly increase anesthetic success in patients with SIP.

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