scholarly journals Mathematical validation of measurement of root fracture resistance: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafat Bagheri ◽  
Abbas Abbaszadegan ◽  
Mohammad R. Nabavizadeh ◽  
Maryam Ferooz ◽  
Peter Parashos
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Root Fracture Resistance

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to develop a mathematically valid method of assessing fracture resistance of roots. The model developed used mesial roots of lower molars instrumented using stainless steel hand files (SS) and two rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems. Methods Eighty human lower molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 20). After instrumentation, the root canals were obturated using thermoplasticized gutta percha. The roots were covered with a simulated periodontal ligament and mounted vertically in autopolymerizing acrylic in PVC tubes. Using a universal testing machine, the force to fracture (N) was applied and the maximum load (FL) was recorded. Remaining dentine volume was calculated and the fracture resistance (FR) was recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 with P < .05. Results There were no significant differences among the instrumentation methods for FL but in FR the roots instrumented using rotary NiTi showed significantly lower values than control groups and SS files (P < 0.001). Conclusions Considering the effect of root length, volume of the root, and volume of the instrumented canal as well as the maximum failure load may be a more objective method of reporting fracture resistance of roots.

scholarly journals Mathematical Validation of Measurement of Root Fracture Resistance: An in Vitro Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafat Bagheri ◽  
Abbas Abbaszadegan ◽  
Mohammad R Nabavizadeh ◽  
Maryam Ferooz ◽  
Peter Parashos
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Root Fracture Resistance

Abstract Background: This study aimed to develop a mathematically valid method of assessing fracture resistance of roots. The model developed used mesial roots of lower molars instrumented using stainless steel hand files (SS) and two rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems. Methods: Eighty human lower molars were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n=20). After instrumentation, the root canals were obturated using thermoplasticized gutta percha. The roots were covered with a simulated periodontal ligament and mounted vertically in autopolymerizing acrylic in PVC tubes. Using a universal testing machine, the force to fracture (N) was applied and the maximum load (FL) was recorded. Remaining dentin volume was calculated and the fracture resistance (FR) was recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 with P < .05.Results: There were no significant differences among the instrumentation methods for FL but in FR the roots instrumented using rotary NiTi showed significantly lower values than control groups and SS files (P <0.001). Conclusions: Considering the effect of root length, volume of the root, and volume of the instrumented canal as well as the maximum failure load may be a more objective method of reporting fracture resistance of roots.

scholarly journals Fracture Resistance of Retreated Roots Using Different Retreatment Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 387-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kursat Er ◽  
Tamer Tasdemir ◽  
Seyda Herguner Siso ◽  
Davut Celik ◽  
Sabri Cora
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Vertical Root Fracture ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study was designed to evaluate the fracture resistance of retreated roots using different rotary retreatment systems. Methods: Forty eight freshly extracted human canine teeth with single straight root canals were instrumented sequentially increasing from size 30 to a size 55 using K-files whit a stepback technique. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental and one control groups of 12 specimens each. The root canals were filled using cold lateral compaction of gutta-percha and AH Plus (Dentsply Detrey, Konstanz, Germany) sealer in experimental groups. Removal of gutta-percha was performed with the following devices and techniques: ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), R-Endo (Micro-Mega, Besançon, France), and Mtwo (Sweden & Martina, Padova, Italy) rotary retreatment systems. Control group specimens were only instrumented, not filled or retreated. The specimens were then mounted in copper rings, were filled with a self-curing polymethylmethacrylate resin, and the force required to cause vertical root fracture was measured using a universal testing device. The force of fracture of the roots was recorded and the results in the various groups were compared. Statistical analysis was accomplished by one-way ANOVA and a post hoc Tukey tests. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups (P<.05). However, there were no significant differences among the experimental groups. Conclusions: Based on the results, all rotary retreatment techniques used in this in vitro study produced similar root weakness. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:387-392)

scholarly journals Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Four Different Sealers using Centrifuging Dye Penetration Method: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-833
Author(s):  
Romel Joseph
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Sealing Ability ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the apical seal obtained with four root canal sealers AH 26, Sealapex, Endoflas FS and AH Plus, with lateral condensation. Materials and methods Sixty root canals were prepared using the step-back technique. The specimens were divided into four experimental groups of 12 teeth and two control groups of 12 teeth. The experimental groups were obturated by laterally condensed gutta-percha with one of the tested sealers and control groups were obturated without any sealer. Methylene blue dye penetration with centrifuging method was used to evaluate the apical sealing ability. The quantitative apical leakage of each specimen was measured after 2 weeks. Results The results showed no significant differences between all groups except between AH Plus and Endoflas FS (<0.05). AH Plus showed significantly less leakage than Endoflas FS. Conclusion AH Plus showed the least leakage compared to AH 26, Sealapex and Endoflas FS. How to cite this article Joseph R, Singh S. Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Four Different Sealers using Centrifuging Dye Penetration Method: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):830-833.

scholarly journals Effect of MTA versus CEM apical plugs on fracture resistance of endodontically treated simulated immature teeth restored with cast metal posts: an in-vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ensieh Grayli ◽  
Abbas Dashtban ◽  
Leyla Shadan ◽  
Naser Behnampour ◽  
Elham Afshari
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Cast Metal ◽  
Immature Teeth ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Endodontically treated immature teeth which are restored with cast metal posts are of the most susceptible teeth to fracture. An apical plug is usually used as root end filling in order to seal the wide apical foramen. The current study was performed to evaluate the effect of different apical plug materials (MTA and Calcium enriched mixture cement) at varied thicknesses on fracture resistance of teeth restored with cast metal posts. Methods A total of 40 extracted intact single-rooted human mandibular premolars (removed for orthodontic reasons) were used in the study. The coronal part of each tooth was removed and root canal preparation was performed. A size 4 Gates Glidden drill was used to enlarge the canal and was passed through the apical foramen in order to simulate an immature apex. Samples were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8) according to apical plug (control group: No plug, group MTA5: 5 mm MTA plug, group CEM5: 5 mm CEM plug, group MTA3: 3 mm MTA plug, group CEM3: 3 mm CEM plug). Post-space preparations were performed and cast metal post-and-cores were fabricated and cemented. Fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine. Fracture thresholds were recorded and data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s T3 tests with significance level at P value < 0.05. Results The analysis showed a significant difference of fracture resistance between groups (P value < 0.05). The mean fracture resistance of samples in control group was significantly lower than MTA5 (P value = 0.003). There was no significant difference between other groups (P value > 0.05). Conclusions Within the limits of this study, the evidence indicated that placement of a 5 mm MTA apical plug increased the fracture resistance in simulated immature teeth which are restored with cast metal posts, compared to control group (gutta-percha and sealer). While the results were not as promising for a 3 mm MTA apical plug or either 3 or 5 mm CEM apical plug.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Post Lengths’ Effect on Fracture Resistance of a Glass Fiber Post System

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necdet Adanir ◽  
Sema Belli
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Luting Cement ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of different post lengths upon root fracture resistance.Methods: 78 maxillary central teeth with similar dimensions were mounted in acrylic blocks with artificial silicone periodontal ligaments. Combinations of post lengths of 6 mm (shorter than 1/1 clinical crown length), 9 mm (1/1 clinical crown length), and 12 mm (longer than 1/1 clinical crown length) made up 6 different groups consisting of 13 teeth each. The glass fiber posts (Snowpost) were cemented with Super-Bond C&B and Panavia F luting cement. Composite-resin cores were made with Clearfil PhotoCore. The specimens were tested in a universal test machine. The testing machine applied controlled loads to the core, 2 mm from its incisal edge, on the palatal side at an angle 135 degrees to the long axis of the root. The testing machine was set at a crosshead speed of 5mm per minute. All samples were loaded until failure.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between cements (P>.05). Posts shorter than clinical crown length, demonstrated root fracture under significantly lower loading forces (P<.05).Conclusion: Usage of posts shorter than clinical crowns should be avoided to eliminate clinical failure. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:23-28)

scholarly journals Fracture resistance of roots enlarged with various rotary systems and filled with various sealers

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Selen İnce Yusufoglu ◽  
Melek Akman ◽  
Makbule Bilge Akbulut ◽  
Ayce Ünverdi Eldeniz
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. This in vitro study compared the fracture resistance of roots instrumented either with ProTaper or One Shape rotary systems and filled with one of the silicate, epoxy resin or silicone-based sealers. Methods. Sixty single-rooted extracted mandibular premolars were decoronated to a length of 13 mm and then randomly divided into two main groups (n=30) in terms of the rotary system used for preparation. Group 1 samples were instrumented with the ProTaper Universal system up to a master apical file of #F2, while samples in group 2 were enlarged with One Shape system. The two main groups were then divided into 3 subgroups in terms of the sealer used (n=10) and filled with gutta-percha (either F2 or MM-GP points) of the rotary system used and one of the sealers as follows: group 1, BioRoot RCS + ProTaper F2 gutta-percha; group 2, AH Plus + ProTaper F2 gutta-percha; group 3, GuttaFlow + ProTaper F2 gutta-percha; group 4, BioRoot RCS+ MM-GP points; group 5, AH Plus + MM-GP points; and group 6, GuttaFlow + MM-GP points. Each specimen then underwent fracture testing by using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min until the root fractured. Data were statistically analyzed. Results. Two-way ANOVA showed no significant differences between the groups. One Shape instruments showed significantly better fracture resistance compared to ProTaper instruments. Statistically, no significant difference was found between AHPlus, GuttaFlow and BioRoot RCS sealers. Conclusion. It can be concluded that the rotary system used for the instrumentation of teeth has some influence on the fracture resistance, while the root canal sealers do not have such an effect.

scholarly journals Fracture Resistance of Teeth with Truss Endodontic Access: An In Vitro Study and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari ◽  
Ahmad Fareez Abdul Aziz ◽  
Saleem D. Makandar ◽  
Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul Ghani ◽  
Mohamad Syahrizal Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Bonferroni Test

Abstract Objective This article evaluates the fracture resistance of teeth with different endodontic access cavities and conducts literature review on the effects of truss endodontic cavity. Material and Methods Eighty human mandibular first molars were assigned randomly to four groups (n = 20); group 1: truss access cavity (TrussAC); group 2: conservative access cavity (ConsAC); group 3: traditional access cavity (TradAC); and group 4: served as control (no access). Accesses were prepared in groups 1 to 3, respectively. Endodontic treatment was performed on all accessed teeth and composite restoration placed. Teeth in all groups were loaded until fracture using a mechanical testing machine. The maximum load at fracture and patterns of fracture were recorded. Additionally, a literature search was performed on studies related to TrussAC and its importance. Statistical Analysis Fracture strengths were compared using one-way analysis of variance complemented by Bonferroni test. Fracture patterns were analyzed using chi-square test. Results TradAC showed significantly lower mean load at fracture than TrussAC, ConsAC, and intact teeth. Fracture resistance of teeth with TrussAC and ConsAC was not significantly different. All three test groups showed significantly more frequent unrestorable fractures. The literature review revealed that TrussAC did not improve the fracture strength significantly; however, pulp chamber debridement was significantly impaired. Conclusion TrussAC improved the fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth, but not significantly as compared to ConsAC. Restorable fractures were more in intact teeth compared with all prepared ones.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Obturation Systems on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Roots. An in Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Mazen Doumani ◽  
Saleem Abdulrab ◽  
Abdulaziz Samran ◽  
Ahmed Doumani ◽  
Kinda Layous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Group 2

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots filled by different obturation systems. <strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ninety-six upper central incisors were used and decoronated, retaining 12 mm of the roots. On the basis of obturation systems, the roots were divided into 4 groups (n=24): Group1 (COGR): control group (unprepared, unfilled), Group 2 (AVGR): ActiV GP points/ActiV GP sealer, Group3 (GPGR): Gutta percha points/AH plus sealer, and Group4 (GAGR): Gutta percha points/ActiV GP sealer. The last three groups were obturated with the single cone technique. The roots were then stored in 100% relative humidity at 37 °C for 2 weeks. A vertical compressive force was exerted with a universal testing machine until a fracture occurred. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA. <strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> Mean (SD) failure loads for groups ranged from 920.51 ± 210.37 to 1113.44 ± 489.42 N. The fracture resistance between the different study groups indicated no statistical difference. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> ActiV GP system did not exert a significant effect on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.</p>

scholarly journals A Comparative Evaluation of the Vertical Root Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth using Different Root Canal Sealers: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Prashanth ◽  
Pradeep N Tavane ◽  
BM Annapoorna ◽  
NT Prashanth ◽  
BS Deepak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Root Fracture ◽  
Vertical Root Fracture ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Root Fracture Resistance ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the vertical root fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth obturated with – Tubli-Seal EWT/Gutta-percha, AH Plus/Gutta-percha, Epiphany SE sealer/Epiphany point. Study design Sixty-five single rooted premolars were decoronated and root length was 14 mm for each specimen. Fifty five teeth were enlarged up to ISO size 40 master apical file with stainless steel K-files using standardized preparation and remaining ten teeth were served as negative control. Then teeth were randomly assigned into different groups depending on sealer used for obturation as follows: Group 1 Negative control—no instrumentation was performed. Group 2 Positive control—gutta-percha with out the use of any sealer. Group 3 Experimental group—gutta-percha and Tubli-Seal EWT root canal sealer. Group 4 Experimental group—gutta-percha and AH Plus. Group 5 Experimental group—epiphany SE sealer and epiphany points. After 72 hours, the specimens were embedded in autopolymerizing resin leaving 7 mm of each root exposed and were subjected to fracture testing under universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm per minute until the root fractured. Results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and independent t-test. Results Showed that Epiphany SE sealer/Epiphany points showed highest mean fracture resistance and Tubli-Seal EWT group showed the least fracture resistance of all the materials tested. There was no statistically significant difference among experimental groups. Conclusion Epiphany SE sealer/Epiphany points demonstrated highest fracture resistance values than the other materials tested and intact tooth had highest resistance against vertical root fracture. Clinical significance Epiphany SE sealer/Epiphany points may be one of the materials of choice in the endodontic treatment of teeth. How to cite this article Nagpal A, Annapoorna BM, Prashanth MB, Prashanth NT, Singla M, Deepak BS, Singh A, Tavane PN. A Comparative Evaluation of the Vertical Root Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth using Different Root Canal Sealers: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(3):351-355.

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