scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer screening among women in metropolitan Lima, Peru: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle M. Pieters ◽  
Rae Jean Proeschold-Bell ◽  
Emily Coffey ◽  
Megan J. Huchko ◽  
Lavanya Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Barriers To Screening ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Screening Behaviors

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths among women of reproductive age in Peru. Screening and early identification of pre-cancerous lesions are a cornerstone of the cervical cancer prevention strategy. Yet, there is limited literature on barriers to screening among Peruvian women. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to examine Peruvian women’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer screening and identify possible reasons for the gap between knowledge and screening. Methods The study was conducted in metropolitan Lima from June–August 2019. We purposefully recruited 12 women who had previously been screened, and 12 who had never been screened for cervical cancer. The women completed a 40-question knowledge and attitude survey and an in-depth interview about barriers to screening. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate a knowledge and attitude score and qualitative analysis was guided by the Health Belief Model constructs. Results Previously screened participants had greater knowledge of cervical cancer symptoms, risk factors, and prevention (mean score = 28.08, S.D. = 4.18) compared to participants who had never been screened (mean score = 21.25, S.D. = 6.35). Both groups described lack of priority and embarrassment as barriers to cervical cancer screening. For participants who had never been screened before, major barriers included the fear of a cancer diagnosis and lack of information about screening services. Pregnancy, unusual gynecological symptoms and encouragement from friends and family were cues to action for participants seeking screening. Most participants in both groups recognized the benefits of getting screened for cervical cancer. Being previously screened increased participants’ self-efficacy for engaging in screening behaviors again. Misconceptions regarding screening procedures and cervical cancer were also noted as barriers for participants accessing screening services. Conclusions Improving knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and screening programs may improve screening behaviors among women. Targeting women who have never been screened before and addressing their fears and concerns around embarrassment may be other areas for intervention. Misconceptions that deter women from screening services are an important issue that should be addressed in order to increase the number of women who get timely screenings.

scholarly journals Utilisation and Perceptions of Cervical Cancer Screening Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy Kokuro ◽  
Abigail Kusi-Amponsah Diji
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Study Sites

Cervical cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed and the fourth commonest cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Even though cervical cancer is preventable, its screening rate has been reported to be low in Ghana. To the best of our knowledge, no study has focused on the utilisation and perceptions of cervical cancer among women in their reproductive age in Ghana. The present study aimed at assessing the utilisation and perceptions of cervical cancer screening services among women who seek reproductive healthcare services. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among women aged 18 years and above. Using a two-stage sampling technique, 369 participants were selected from 2 out of 4 eligible study sites. Data on the perceptions and utilisation of cervical cancer screening services were collected following ethical approval. The data were collected using both English and Twi versions of the questionnaire. The data were descriptively and inferentially analysed. A few of the participants had been previously screened for cervical cancer (n = 69; 18.7%), while a greater proportion of the participants appropriately perceived the screening benefits (> 70%), and an equally greater percentage of them harboured negative perceptions which prevented them from engaging in such endeavours (> 80%). Significant differences in perception were, however, observed in two-fifths of the studied areas (6/14) among the screened and unscreened participants. Cervical cancer screening services were not utilised by the majority of the participating women. Screening was associated with socio-demographic characteristics such as marital status, parity, education, and employment status. Inappropriate perceptions on cervical cancer screening may account for the low utilisation of cervical cancer screening. Therefore, all-inclusive health education on the benefits of cervical cancer screening for both women and men should be a priority for stakeholders and all health organisations.

scholarly journals Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening Services among Women in Vhembe District, South Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-463
Author(s):  
Elisa N. Vhuromu ◽  
Daniel T. Goon ◽  
Maria S. Maputle ◽  
Rachel T. Lebese ◽  
Benedine U. Okafor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Services ◽  
Vhembe District

Aim:Screening for early detection and treatment of cervical cancer is a cornerstone of prevention. The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness in women about the utilization of cervical cancer screening services in Vhembe District, South Africa.Methods:This cross-sectional study involved a random selection of 500 women aged 20-59 years in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data was collectedviaa self-structured questionnaire on the demographic variables, provision, utilization and awareness of cervical cancer screening services.Results:The majority of the participants agreed to have cervical cancer screening services in their clinics (79.2%), and never had a Pap smear (58.6%). Most women would not go for cervical cancer screening, mainly because of a lack of facilities (30.0%), fear of pain (24.4%), and embarrassment (15.2%). Most participants indicated that Pap smear test meant scraping the cervix to detect abnormal cancerous cells (39.2%) and 34.2% did not know a Pap smear. Majority of the participants indicated Pap smears should be done every 10 years (65.8%); Pap smears could detect cervical cancer earlier (66.8%), and had heard about cervical cancer (71.6%). The majority of the participants considered cervical cancer as a serious problem to warrant considerable attention (59.4%); and some perceived cervical cancer as transmittable through multiple sexual partners (22.2%). The majority of the participants were aware of a vaccine against cervical cancer for girls at school (69.0%), and it was indicated that government should use health education to encourage women to attend cervical screening services (51.6%).Conclusion:Despite the free availability of cervical cancer screening services and awareness, the utilization of cervical cancer screening services is low. There is a need to intensify cervical screening health talks and campaigns, and to provide alternative accessible options for screening services for women in rural areas.

Predictors of uptake of cervical cancer screening among nurses in Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rahmat A Oyekale ◽  
O Abimbola Oluwatosin ◽  
Olaide B Edet
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Screening Services

Background/Aims More than one million women are currently living with cervical cancer. Approximately 311 000 deaths were attributed to the disease in 2018, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries, like Nigeria. Cervical cancer screening has been consistently shown to be effective in reducing the occurrence of new cases of cervical cancer and mortality related to the disease. This study aimed to determine the predictors of cervical cancer screening among nurses in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which used a structured pretested questionnaire to collect data from 230 nurses randomly selected from two settings in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and logistic regression. Results All participants had heard of cervical cancer and its screening measures. More than half of the respondents (68.7%) had never submitted for screening. The respondents reported factors such as lack of facilities (77.0%), financial status (76.5%), lack of awareness (75.7%), inconvenient screening time (75.7%) and level of education (71.7%) as influencers of use of cervical cancer screening. Logistic regression analysis showed marital status was significantly related to cervical cancer screening usage (P=0.047). Conclusions Good knowledge of nurses on cervical cancer screening does not translate to uptake of screening services. It is recommended that cervical and other cancer screening services should be included in the pre-employment medical examination of nurses to compel usage of screening services.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices on cervical cancer screening among undergraduate female students in University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alem Getaneh ◽  
Birhanemeskel Tegene ◽  
Teshome Belachew
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undergraduate Female ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a major public health problem. In the world, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women and it is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in females. It is the second most common women cancer in Ethiopia with almost 6300 new cases and 4884 deaths annually. Despite the high burden of new cases and deaths, there is a scarcity of data on knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards cervical cancer screening among female university students in Ethiopia particularly in the study area. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the KAP of undergraduate female students towards cervical cancer screening. Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2018 at the University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences undergraduate female students. Pretested, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Four hundred and three female students were recruited by a simple random sampling method and the data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical packages. Descriptive data analysis was used to report the results. Results More than half of the respondents (59.3.3%) had good knowledge, whereas nearly 67.7% of the respondents had favorable attitude towards cervical cancer. However, less than 1% of the respondents had been screened for cervical cancer. Conclusion Although undergraduate female students had apparently good knowledge and favorable attitude, their practices on cervical cancer screening were quite low. Therefore, the health sectors and the gender streaming office of the university mobilize students to strengthen the uptake the cervical cancer screening practice.

scholarly journals Cervical cancer screening service utilization and associated factors among HIV positive women attending adult ART clinic in public health facilities, Hawassa town, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiyu Ayalew Assefa ◽  
Feleke Hailemichael Astawesegn ◽  
Bethlehem Eshetu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Screening Service ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women

Abstract Background In Ethiopia, cervical cancer is a public health concern, as it is the second most cause of cancer deaths among reproductive age women and it affects the country’s most vulnerable groups like; rural, poor, and HIV-positive women. Despite the strong evidence that cervical cancer screening results in decreased mortality from this disease, its utilization remains low. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2 to April 1/2019 to assess the level and factors affecting utilization of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive women in Hawassa town. Quantitative data collection methods were used. Data were gathered using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Epi-Info version 7 and SPSS version 23 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Statistically significant association of variables was determined based on Adjusted Odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval and p-value of ≤0.05. Results Of the 342 women interviewed, 40.1% (95% CI: 35.00, 45.33%) of them were screened. Having a post primary education (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 1.8, 14.5), less than 500 cell/mm3 CD4 count (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.9); duration since HIV diagnosis (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.1, 8.5), partner support (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 9.4), having knowledge about risk factors (AOR = 2.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 6.9) and having favorable attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening (AOR = 3.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 7.5) were associated with cervical cancer screening utilization. Conclusions The study revealed utilization of cervical cancer screening service was low among HIV positive women. Educational status, duration of HIV diagnosis, partner support, knowledge status about risk factor, CD4 count and attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening were associated with cervical cancer screening utilization. Health care workers need to provide intensive counseling services for all ART care attendants to increase utilization.

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