scholarly journals Prevalence and clinical impact of malaria infections detected with a highly sensitive HRP2 rapid diagnostic test in Beninese pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Briand ◽  
Gilles Cottrell ◽  
Nicaise Tuike Ndam ◽  
Xavier Martiáñez-Vendrell ◽  
Bertin Vianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Parasite Density ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Suspension Array ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background While sub-microscopic malarial infections are frequent and potentially deleterious during pregnancy, routine molecular detection is still not feasible. This study aimed to assess the performance of a Histidine Rich Protein 2 (HRP2)-based ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (uRDT, Alere Malaria Ag Pf) for the detection of infections of low parasite density in pregnant women. Methods This was a retrospective study based on samples collected in Benin from 2014 to 2017. A total of 942 whole blood samples collected in 327 women in the 1st and 3rd trimesters and at delivery were tested by uRDT, conventional RDT (cRDT, SD BIOLINE Malaria Ag Pf), microscopy, quantitative polymerase chain-reaction (qPCR) and Luminex-based suspension array technology targeting P. falciparum HRP2. The performance of each RDT was evaluated using qPCR as reference standard. The association between infections detected by uRDT, but not by cRDT, with poor maternal and birth outcomes was assessed using multivariate regression models. Results The overall positivity rate detected by cRDT, uRDT, and qPCR was 11.6% (109/942), 16.2% (153/942) and 18.3% (172/942), respectively. Out of 172 qPCR-positive samples, 68 were uRDT-negative. uRDT had a significantly better sensitivity (60.5% [52.7–67.8]) than cRDT (44.2% [36.6–51.9]) and a marginally decreased specificity (93.6% [91.7–95.3] versus 95.7% [94.0–97.0]). The gain in sensitivity was particularly high (33%) and statistically significant in the 1st trimester. Only 28 (41%) out of the 68 samples which were qPCR-positive, but uRDT-negative had detectable but very low levels of HRP2 (191 ng/mL). Infections that were detected by uRDT but not by cRDT were associated with a 3.4-times (95%CI 1.29–9.19) increased risk of anaemia during pregnancy. Conclusions This study demonstrates the higher performance of uRDT, as compared to cRDTs, to detect low parasite density P. falciparum infections during pregnancy, particularly in the 1st trimester. uRDT allowed the detection of infections associated with maternal anaemia.

scholarly journals Correction to: Prevalence and clinical impact of malaria infections detected with a highly sensitive HRP2 rapid diagnostic test in Beninese pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Briand ◽  
Gilles Cottrell ◽  
Nicaise Tuikue Ndam ◽  
Xavier Martiáñez–Vendrell ◽  
Bertin Vianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Highly Sensitive

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Performance of a highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test (HS-RDT) for detecting malaria in peripheral and placental blood samples from pregnant women in Colombia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0201769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Vásquez ◽  
Ana Catalina Medina ◽  
Alberto Tobón-Castaño ◽  
Maritza Posada ◽  
Gabriel Jaime Vélez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Placental Blood

scholarly journals Analysis and validation of a highly sensitive one-step nested quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for specific detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Chunyang Dai ◽  
Huiyan Wang ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Tuantuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is posing a serious threat to global public health. Reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is widely used as the gold standard for clinical detection of SARS-CoV-2. Due to technical limitations, the reported positive rates of qRT-PCR assay of throat swab samples vary from 30 to 60%. Therefore, the evaluation of alternative strategies to overcome the limitations of qRT-PCR is required. A previous study reported that one-step nested (OSN)-qRT-PCR revealed better suitability for detecting SARS-CoV-2. However, information on the analytical performance of OSN-qRT-PCR is insufficient. Method In this study, we aimed to analyze OSN-qRT-PCR by comparing it with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and qRT-PCR by using a dilution series of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviral RNA and a quality assessment panel. The clinical performance of OSN-qRT-PCR was also validated and compared with ddPCR and qRT-PCR using specimens from COVID-19 patients. Result The limit of detection (copies/ml) of qRT-PCR, ddPCR, and OSN-qRT-PCR were 520.1 (95% CI: 363.23–1145.69) for ORF1ab and 528.1 (95% CI: 347.7–1248.7) for N, 401.8 (95% CI: 284.8–938.3) for ORF1ab and 336.8 (95% CI: 244.6–792.5) for N, and 194.74 (95% CI: 139.7–430.9) for ORF1ab and 189.1 (95% CI: 130.9–433.9) for N, respectively. Of the 34 clinical samples from COVID-19 patients, the positive rates of OSN-qRT-PCR, ddPCR, and qRT-PCR were 82.35% (28/34), 67.65% (23/34), and 58.82% (20/34), respectively. Conclusion In conclusion, the highly sensitive and specific OSN-qRT-PCR assay is superior to ddPCR and qRT-PCR assays, showing great potential as a technique for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in patients with low viral loads.

scholarly journals Vaginal, Cervical and Uterine pH in Women with Normal and Abnormal Vaginal Microbiota

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Malene Risager Lykke ◽  
Naja Becher ◽  
Thor Haahr ◽  
Ebbe Boedtkjer ◽  
Jørgen Skov Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Genital

Introduction: Healthy women of reproductive age have a vaginal pH around 4.5, whereas little is known about pH in the upper genital tract. A shift in the vaginal microbiota may result in an elevated pH in the upper genital tract. This might contribute to decreased fertility and increased risk of preterm birth. Therefore, we aimed to measure pH in different compartments of the female genital tract in both nonpregnant and pregnant women, stratifying into a normal and abnormal vaginal microbiota. Material and methods: In this descriptive study, we included 6 nonpregnant, 12 early-pregnant, and 8 term-pregnant women. A pH gradient was recorded with a flexible pH probe. An abnormal vaginal microbiota was diagnosed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique for Atopobium vaginae; Sneathia sanguinegens; Leptotrichia amnionii; bacterial vaginosis-associated bacterium 1, 2, 3, and TM7; and Prevotella spp. among others. Results: In all participants we found the pH gradient in the lower reproductive canal to be most acidic in the lower vagina and most alkaline in the upper uterine cavity. Women with an abnormal vaginal microbiota had an increased pH in the lower vagina compared to the other groups. Conclusions: There is a pronounced pH gradient within the female genital tract. This gradient is not disrupted in women with an abnormal vaginal microbiota.

scholarly journals Malaria Diagnostics: A Comparative Study of Blood Microscopy, a Rapid Diagnostic Test and Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Diagnosis of Malaria

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. Runsewe-Abiodun ◽  
M. Efunsile ◽  
B. Ghebremedhin ◽  
A. S. Sotimehin ◽  
J. Ajewole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Performance of a Histidine-Rich Protein 2 Rapid Diagnostic Test, Paracheck Pf®, for Detection of Malaria Infections in Ugandan Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul Dhorda ◽  
Patrice Piola ◽  
Elizabeth Ashley ◽  
Eleanor Turyakira ◽  
Carolyn Nabasumba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test

scholarly journals Rapid Diagnostic Test Versus Microscopy for Diagnosing Malaria Among Pregnant Women in a Resource-Poor Setting; A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bartholomew N. Odio ◽  
Leonard O. Ajah ◽  
Perpetus C. Ibekwe ◽  
Monique I. Ajah ◽  
George O. Ugwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resource Poor Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resource Poor

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic challenge of malaria in Nigeria remarkably impedes the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of laboratory diagnosis before treatment. Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) is easier and cheaper to perform when compared with microscopy especially in resource-poor settings. However there are conflicting results on the accuracy of RDT versus microscopy from previous studies. AIM: To compare the overall accuracy of   microscopy and RDT in detecting peripheral malaria among   pregnant women with clinical features of malaria. MATERIALS & METHODS: This was a cross-sectional comparative studyin whichRDT, microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed using the peripheral bloodof the eligible study participants at the Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki between September 1, 2016 and March 31, 2017.The PCR was used as the gold standard in this study. Data was analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18 (IBM SPSS, Chicago, USA). P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The actual prevalent rates of malaria based on RDT, microscopy and PCR results among the participants were 58.2%, 59.9% and 61.1% respectively. There was no statistical significant difference among RDT, microscopy and combined RDT and microscopy on overall accuracy. Malaria infestation was associated with self-employed and unemployed women, primigravidity, second trimester, rural residence, non-use of long lasting insecticide treated nets and intermittent preventive therapy for malaria. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in overall accuracy among RDT, microscopy and combined RDT and microscopy. This underscores the need to scale up RDT for every patient with clinical features of malaria before treatment in this environment.

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