Retinol-binding protein 4 in combination with lipids to predict the regression phenomenon of autism spectrum disorders

Abstract Background About 20–40 % of autistic people experience a phenomenon of regression. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) plays an important role as an inflammatory neurotrophic adipokine and is a promising mediator of the fat-brain axis. Abnormal fatty acid metabolism and lipid mediators have been reported to be related to the etiological mechanism in autism, and amelioration of impaired lipid metabolism can be recognized as a treatment strategy for autism. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between RBP4, lipids, and the autistic regression phenomenon, and to discuss their potentials as biomarkers for the autistic regression phenomenon. Methods A total of 60 autistic individuals (18 with regression phenomenon, 42 without regression phenomenon) (ASD group) and 36 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. The levels of RBP4, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDLC), low–density lipoprotein (LDLC), and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is used to assess the severity of autism. Ethical measures were performed in compliance with the current Declaration of Helsinki and written informed consent was obtained from the parents before enrollment of the children and adolescents. Results Compared with control subjects, autistic individuals had lower levels of TC (P = 0.007), RBP4 (P = 0.001), and HDLC (P = 0.027). The levels of RBP4 in ASD group were positively correlated with TG (r = 0.355, P = 0.005), HDLC (r = 0.257, P = 0.047), TG/TC (r = 0.376, P = 0.003) and TG/LDLC (r = 0.363, P = 0.004), and were negatively correlated with CARS (r=-0.296, P = 0.003). Further logistic regression demonstrated that decreased RBP4 concentration was associated with the presentation of the autistic regression phenomenon even after the adjustment of the potential confounding factors. Conclusions Serum RBP4 is associated with the autistic regression phenomenon and the severity of ASD. Further studies are needed to expound whether decreased RBP4 participates in the development of the autistic regression phenomenon.

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The Changes in Plasma Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Levels are Associated With Those of the Apolipoprotein B-Containing Lipoproteins During Dietary and Drug Treatment

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319711407628 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 67-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Georgios A. Christou ◽

Constantinos C. Tellis ◽

Moses S. Elisaf ◽

Alexandros D. Tselepis ◽

Dimitrios N. Kiortsis

Keyword(s):

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4

We investigated the association between retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB)-containing lipoproteins. Obese or overweight, hypertriglyceridemic patients underwent the following interventions for 3 months: (1) Diet (n = 20), (2) Diet + fenofibrate (n = 18), (3) Diet + rimonabant (n = 8). Circulating RBP4 decreased during dietary treatment. The percentage change in RBP4 was positively correlated with the percentage changes in very-low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( r = .570, P = .02), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([LDL-C]; r = .605, P = .01), ApoB ( r = .705, P = .007), and small dense LDL-C ([sdLDL-C]; r = .872, P < .001). The percentage change in RBP4 was the best predictor of the percentage changes in sdLDL-C and ApoB. Rimonabant treatment reduced RBP4, whereas fenofibrate increased RBP4 during the first month of therapy followed by a subsequent decrease. In conclusion, RBP4 may significantly influence the metabolic pathways responsible for changes in ApoB lipoprotein subspecies, thus RBP4 may be associated with cardiovascular disease risk.

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Investigation of galectin-3, lipocalin 2, retinol binding protein (RBP), small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) in patients with hirsutism

Advances in Dermatology and Allergology ◽

10.5114/ada.2019.84593 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 177-183

Author(s):

Ibrahim Halil Yavuz ◽

Goknur Ozaydin-Yavuz ◽

Erdem Çokluk ◽

Zehra Kurtoğlu ◽

Serap Gunes Bilgili

Keyword(s):

Binding Protein ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Low Density ◽

Lipocalin 2 ◽

Galectin 3

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The Relationship of Retinol Binding Protein 4 to Changes in Insulin Resistance and Cardiometabolic Risk in Overweight Black Adolescents

The Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.018 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 154 (1) ◽

pp. 67-73.e1 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Elizabeth Goodman ◽

Timothy E. Graham ◽

Lawrence M. Dolan ◽

Stephen R. Daniels ◽

Eric R. Goodman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Black Adolescents ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Retinol Binding Protein 4 Levels relate to the presence and severity of coronary artery disease

Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.5937/jomb0-28846 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gokay Nar ◽

Sara Cetin Sanlialp ◽

Rukiye Nar

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Serum Retinol ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Artery Disease ◽

The Relationship

Background: The prevous studies has showed that serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels increased in metobolic disorders which are closely associated with cardiovascular dieases (CVD). However the human studies investigating the role of RBP4 in CVD are conflicted. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between RBP4 and the presence and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in this study. Methods: 55 patients with presenting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 43 control subjects who had various cardiovascular risk factors with normal coronary artery on coronary angiography were included in this study.The serum RBP4 concentrations were measured using ELISA method and clinically and anatomically score models were used to asses the severity of coronary lesion. Results: Serum RBP4 level was significantly higher in patients with ACS compared to the controls (68.40 ± 47.94 mg/L vs. 49.46 ± 13.64 mg/L; p = 0.014). RBP4 was correlated with GENSINI and SYNTAX I score (r = 0,286 p=0,034; r = 0.403 p = 0.002 respectively). However, there was no relationship between RBP4 and GRACE score. Conclusion: Patients with ACS had increased serum RBP4 levels and its high levels were correlated with CAD severity.

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The Relationship Between Retinol/Retinol Binding Protein 4 ratio, resistin and inflammation in non diabetic obese Indonesian men

Medical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.13181/mji.v19i1.384 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Anna Meiliana ◽

Gatot S. Lawrence ◽

Lhamjaya Patellongi ◽

Andi Wijaya ◽

Suryani As’ad

Keyword(s):

Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship between retinol-binding protein 4 and apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins is attenuated in patients with very high serum triglycerides: A pilot study

HORMONES ◽

10.1007/bf03401408 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 99-105

Author(s):

Georgios A. Christou ◽

Constantinos C. Tellis ◽

Moses S. Elisaf ◽

Alexandras D. Tselepis ◽

Dimitrios N. Kiortsis

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Binding Protein ◽

High Serum ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

The Relationship ◽

Very High

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The Relationship between Retinol-Binding Protein 4 and Markers of Inflammation and Thrombogenesis in Children with Kawasaki Disease

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2021/7029514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Maoling Yang ◽

Haobo Weng ◽

Qiongfei Pei ◽

Fengchuan Jing ◽

Qijian Yi

Keyword(s):

Kawasaki Disease ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

The Relationship ◽

Time Point

Background. Kawasaki disease (KD) is a self-limited vasculitis with unknown etiologies, and coronary artery lesions (CALs) are the most common and serious complications. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been confirmed effects on vasodilation, platelet activation inhibition, and cardiovascular diseases by researches. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the relationship between RBP4 and inflammation as well as thrombogenesis in children with KD. Methods. 79 subjects were from 62 children with KD and 17 healthy controls (HCs). The KD group was divided into KD with CALs (KD-CALs) and KD without CALs (KD-NCALs), and the serum RBP4 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Compared with the HC group, serum RBP4 levels in the KD group were significantly decreased ( p < 0.05 ). RBP4, hemoglobin (Hb), and mean platelet volume (MPV) levels were higher, while platelet counts (Plt) and thrombin time (TT) levels were lower in the KD-NCALs group than in the KD-CALs group ( p < 0.05 ). RBP4 had positive correlation with time point of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), Hb, and percentage of leukomonocytes (L%) and negative correlation with the percentage of neutrophils (N%), MPV, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (Fbg), and D-dimer (DD) in the KD group; RBP4 had positive correlation with the time point of IVIG and L% and negative correlation with N%, MPV, and NLR in the KD-NCALs group; and RBP4 had positive correlation with Hb and L% and negative correlation with N%, CRP, NLR, and PT in the KD-CALs group ( p < 0.05 ). Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that Hb and CRP in the KD group, MPV and N% in the KD-NCALs group, and PT and CRP in the KD-CALs group were independent predictors of RBP4 ( p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Lower RBP4 was observed in the KD group than in the HC group, and RBP4 had associations with markers of inflammation and thrombogenesis in children with KD.

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Low Levels of Serum Fetuin-A and Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Correlate with Lipoprotein Subfractions in Morbid Obese and Lean Non-Diabetic Subjects

Life ◽

10.3390/life11090881 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 881

Author(s):

Hajnalka Lőrincz ◽

Imre Csige ◽

Mariann Harangi ◽

Anita Szentpéteri ◽

Ildikó Seres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binding Protein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Retinol Binding Protein ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Lipoprotein Subfractions ◽

Fetuin A ◽

Retinol Binding Protein 4 ◽

Morbid Obese

Background: Fetuin-A and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) are secreted as both hepatokine and adipokine. These are involved in insulin resistance, obesity-related dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. To date, correlations of circulating fetuin-A and RBP4 with lipoprotein subfractions as well as high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-linked proteins have not been entirely investigated in morbid obese and lean non-diabetic subjects. Methods: One-hundred obese non-diabetic patients (body mass index, BMI: 42.5 ± 8.1 kg/m2) along with 32 gender and age-matched normal weight controls (BMI: 24.5 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were enrolled in our study. Serum fetuin-A and RBP4 were measured by ELISA. Lipoprotein subfractions were distributed by Lipoprint gelelectrophoresis. Results: Serum fetuin-A and RBP4 were unexpectedly lower in obese patients (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively) compared to controls and correlated with each other (r = 0.37; p < 0.001). Fetuin-A had positive correlations with HDL-C (r = 0.22; p = 0.02), apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) (r = 0.33; p < 0.001), very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) subfraction (r = 0.18; p = 0.05), and large HDL subfraction levels (r = 0.3; p = 0.001) but did not show correlation with carbohydrate parameters in all subjects. RBP4 correlated positively with HDL-C (r = 0.2; p = 0.025), apoAI (r = 0.23; p = 0.01), VLDL subfraction (r = 0.37; p < 0.001), intermediate HDL subfraction (r = 0.23; p = 0.01), and small HDL subfraction (r = 0.21; p = 0.02) concentrations, as well as C-peptide levels in overall participants. Backward stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that serum fetuin-A concentration is best predicted by RBP4 and large HDL subfraction. In model 2, VLDL subfraction was the independent predictor of serum RBP4 level. Conclusions: Our data may indicate a potential role of fetuin-A and RBP4 in impaired lipoprotein metabolism associated with obesity.

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