scholarly journals Depression, injecting drug use, and risky sexual behavior syndemic among women who inject drugs in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Mwangi ◽  
Simon Karanja ◽  
John Gachohi ◽  
Violet Wanjihia ◽  
Zipporah Ngang’a
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Who Inject Drugs

scholarly journals Improved ascertainment of modes of HIV transmission in Ukraine indicates importance of drug injecting and homosexual risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Dumchev ◽  
Marina Kornilova ◽  
Roksolana Kulchynska ◽  
Marianna Azarskova ◽  
Charles Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Homosexual Transmission

Abstract Background It is important to understand how HIV infection is transmitted in the population in order to guide prevention activities and properly allocate limited resources. In Ukraine and other countries where injecting drug use and homosexuality are stigmatized, the information about mode of transmission in case registration systems is often biased. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of patients registered at HIV clinics in seven regions of Ukraine in 2013-2015. The survey assessed behavioral risk factors and serological markers of viral hepatitis B and C. We analyzed the discrepancies between the registered mode of transmission and the survey data, and evaluated trends over three years. Results Of 2,285 participants, 1,032 (45.2%) were females. The proportion of new HIV cases likely caused by injecting drug use based on the survey data was 59.7% compared to 33.2% in official reporting, and proportion of cases likely acquired through homosexual transmission was 3.8% compared to 2.8%. We found a significant decrease from 63.2% to 57.5% in the proportion of injecting drug use-related cases and a steep increase from 2.5 to 5.2% in homosexual transmission over three years. Conclusions The study confirmed the significant degree of misclassification of HIV mode of transmission among registered cases. The role of injecting drug use in HIV transmission is gradually decreasing, but remains high. The proportion of cases related to homosexual transmission is relatively modest, but is rapidly increasing, especially in younger men. Improvements in ascertaining the risk factor information are essential to monitor the epidemic and to guide programmatic response.

scholarly journals Extended-Family Talk about Sex and Teen Sexual Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Grossman ◽  
Alicia D. Lynch ◽  
Amanda M. Richer ◽  
Lisette M. DeSouza ◽  
Ineke Ceder
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parent Communication ◽  
Close Relationship

Research shows that family communication about sexuality can protect against teens’ risky sexual behavior. However, few studies assess talk with extended family about sex or how this communication relates to teens’ sexual behavior. The current study includes cross-sectional survey data from 952 adolescents. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess associations between teens’ sexual risk behaviors and communication with extended family about protection methods, risks of sex and relational approaches to sex, defined as talk about sex within a close relationship. For sexually active teens, talk about protection methods was associated with fewer sexual partners and talk about risks of sex was associated with more sexual partners regardless of teen gender and the generation of extended family with whom teens talk. Results suggest that extended-family talk about sex may influence teens’ sexual behavior independent of effects of teen–parent communication. However, the direction of the effect depends on the content of the conversations. These findings suggest the need to explore whether and how extended family could be included in health prevention and intervention programs, because programs which include family largely focus on parents.

Injecting drug use, sexual risk, HIV knowledge and harm reduction uptake in a large prison in Bali, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri ◽  
Anak Agung Gede Hartawan ◽  
Noel Craine ◽  
Ayu Kartika Sari ◽  
Ni Wayan Septarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Related Risk

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe HIV-related risk behavior and knowledge of HIV among inmates of Kerobokan prison Bali, Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional survey of inmates of using a structured questionnaire and sample framework to reflect narcotic use among inmates and the prison gender mix. Findings – Among 230 inmates recruited to the study self-reported prevalence of injecting drug use was 7.4 percent (95 percent CI 4.0-10.8percent). Respondents who participated in a prison based methadone treatment program were all still injecting drugs, these made up 13/17 of the IDU. In total, 47 percent (95 percent CIs 45-55 percent) of respondents who reported injecting also reported sharing needles within the last week. Sexual intercourse while in prison was reported by 3.0 percent (95 percent CI 0.82-5.26 percent) of study respondents. One-third of non-injectors were unaware of the preventative role of condom use. This study suggests that despite harm reduction initiatives within Kerobokan prison HIV risk behavior continues and there is a considerable lack of awareness of the importance of condom use in preventing HIV. Research limitations/implications – The authors relied on self-reported risk behavior that may be subject to reporting bias. The sampling strategy may not reflect the true ratio inmates using or not using narcotics. Practical implications – The current harm reduction approach, including methadone substitution treatment should be optimized within the Indonesian prison setting. Originality/value – This is the first study reporting HIV-related risk behavior from an Indonesian prison with an established methadone substitution program.

scholarly journals Improved ascertainment of modes of HIV transmission in Ukraine indicates importance of drug injecting and homosexual risk

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Dumchev ◽  
Marina Kornilova ◽  
Roksolana Kulchynska ◽  
Marianna Azarskova ◽  
Charles Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Homosexual Transmission

Abstract Background: It is important to understand how HIV infection is transmitted in the population in order to guide prevention activities and properly allocate limited resources. In Ukraine and other countries where injecting drug use and homosexuality are stigmatized, the information about mode of transmission among newly registered patients is often biased. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of patients registered at HIV clinics in seven regions of Ukraine in 2015-2017. The survey assessed behavioral risk factors and serological markers of viral hepatitis B and C. We analyzed the discrepancies between the registered mode of transmission and the survey data, and evaluated trends over three years. Results: Of 2,285 participants, 1,032 (45.2%) were females. The proportion of new HIV cases likely caused by injecting drug use based on the survey data was 59.7% compared to 33.2% in official reporting, and proportion of cases likely acquired through homosexual transmission was 3.8% compared to 2.8%. We found a significant decrease from 63.2% to 57.5% in the proportion of injecting drug use-related cases and a steep increase from 2.5 to 5.2% in homosexual transmission over three years. Conclusions: The study confirmed the significant degree of misclassification of HIV mode of transmission among newly registered cases. The role of injecting drug use in HIV transmission is gradually decreasing, but remains high. The proportion of cases related to homosexual transmission is relatively modest, but is rapidly increasing, especially in younger men. Improvements in ascertaining the risk factor information are essential to monitor the epidemic and to guide programmatic response.

scholarly journals Risk behavior among people who inject drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jakubauskiene ◽  
J Lindert
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Addiction to illicit drugs is considered as medical condition requiring effective measures to prevent the disease and minimize harms of this addiction. Injecting drug use increases the risk for acquiring blood-borne infections among people who inject drugs (PWID). The aim of the study was to assess the risk behavior related to the use of intravenous narcotic and psychotropic substances among PWID in Lithuania. Methods A cross sectional survey using respondent driven sampling (RDS) of active intravenous drug users (n = 369) in Lithuania has been conducted in 2018-2019. RDS is a peer-referral sampling methodology applied to estimate characteristics of underserved populations that cannot be sampled randomly. 8 seeds were selected in 5 different sites across the country to recruit the study subjects. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were conducted. Results Data collection was completed using 4 waves. Each seed yielded 3 to 24 eligible recruits. 80% of the sample were males, 20% - females. Age mean is 36.8 years, SD-7.69. The age of debut injecting drugs was 13 years, average age 20 years, SD 4.8. Average injecting duration was 12 years. 76% were incarcerated during their lifetime. 59% of PWID reported injecting heroin, 39% phentanyl, 13% amphetamines. 79% reported using sterile needles and syringes while injecting the last time and 21% were not. 17% were sharing non sterile injecting equipment during the last 30 days. Conclusions Younger age when started injecting drugs, duration of injecting drugs and imprisonment increased the risk of using unsterile needles and syringes and sharing injecting equipment. Main messages Behavioural risk factors are related to higher risks of drug use related infectious diseases. Targeted psychosocial interventions are needed to prevent the behavioural risks of injecting drug use.

scholarly journals Father–Teen Talks about Sex and Teens’ Sexual Health: The Role of Direct and Indirect Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9760
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Grossman ◽  
Lisette M. DeSouza ◽  
Amanda M. Richer ◽  
Alicia D. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Values

Family talks about sex can protect against teens’ risky sexual behavior, but most research has focused on the role of mothers. The current study included cross-sectional survey data from 728 adolescents in the 11th and 12th grades (Mage = 17.00, SD = 0.90) in the United States. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess associations between teens’ direct and indirect talk, defined as less straightforward ways to communicate one’s sexual values, with fathers about sex, and teens’ sexual behaviors. There were no significant direct associations between father–teen talk about sex and teens’ sexual behavior. However, teen gender moderated associations between indirect father–teen communication and teens’ sexual behavior. The results suggest the need to assess indirect talk about sex in studies of family sexuality communication and to further investigate the role of teens’ identities in determining the influence of father–teen talk about sex on teens’ sexual behavior.

scholarly journals Improved ascertainment of modes of HIV transmission in Ukraine indicates importance of drug injecting and homosexual risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Dumchev ◽  
Marina Kornilova ◽  
Roksolana Kulchynska ◽  
Marianna Azarskova ◽  
Charles Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Homosexual Transmission

Abstract Background: It is important to understand how HIV infection is transmitted in the population in order to guide prevention activities and properly allocate limited resources. In Ukraine and other countries where injecting drug use and homosexuality are stigmatized, the information about mode of transmission in case registration systems is often biased.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of patients registered at HIV clinics in seven regions of Ukraine in 2013-2015. The survey assessed behavioral risk factors and serological markers of viral hepatitis B and C. We analyzed the discrepancies between the registered mode of transmission and the survey data, and evaluated trends over three years.Results: Of 2,285 participants, 1,032 (45.2%) were females. The proportion of new HIV cases likely caused by injecting drug use based on the survey data was 59.7% compared to 33.2% in official reporting, and proportion of cases likely acquired through homosexual transmission was 3.8% compared to 2.8%. We found a significant decrease from 63.2% to 57.5% in the proportion of injecting drug use-related cases and a steep increase from 2.5 to 5.2% in homosexual transmission over three years. Conclusions: The study confirmed the significant degree of misclassification of HIV mode of transmission among registered cases. The role of injecting drug use in HIV transmission is gradually decreasing, but remains high. The proportion of cases related to homosexual transmission is relatively modest, but is rapidly increasing, especially in younger men. Improvements in ascertaining the risk factor information are essential to monitor the epidemic and to guide programmatic response.

scholarly journals Improved ascertainment of modes of HIV transmission in Ukraine indicates importance of drug injecting and homosexual risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Dumchev ◽  
Marina Kornilova ◽  
Roksolana Kulchynska ◽  
Marianna Azarskova ◽  
Charles Vitek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Homosexual Transmission

Abstract Background: It is important to understand how HIV infection is transmitted in the population in order to guide prevention activities and properly allocate limited resources. In Ukraine and other countries where injecting drug use and homosexuality are stigmatized, the information about mode of transmission in case registration systems is often biased.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of patients registered at HIV clinics in seven regions of Ukraine in 2013-2015. The survey assessed behavioral risk factors and serological markers of viral hepatitis B and C. We analyzed the discrepancies between the registered mode of transmission and the survey data, and evaluated trends over three years.Results: Of 2,285 participants, 1,032 (45.2%) were females. The proportion of new HIV cases likely caused by injecting drug use based on the survey data was 59.7% compared to 33.2% in official reporting, and proportion of cases likely acquired through homosexual transmission was 3.8% compared to 2.8%. We found a significant decrease from 63.2% to 57.5% in the proportion of injecting drug use-related cases and a steep increase from 2.5 to 5.2% in homosexual transmission over three years. Conclusions: The study confirmed the significant degree of misclassification of HIV mode of transmission among registered cases. The role of injecting drug use in HIV transmission is gradually decreasing, but remains high. The proportion of cases related to homosexual transmission is relatively modest, but is rapidly increasing, especially in younger men. Improvements in ascertaining the risk factor information are essential to monitor the epidemic and to guide programmatic response.

ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR IN UNWANTED PREGNANCY PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Arip Ambulan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adolescent Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescent are at high risk of unwanted pragnency, including abortion, STIs, HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behavior is one of the entrance transmissions of unwanted pregnancy. Such behavior can be influenced by various factors, beyond and within the individual factors. Teens need the support and motivation in deciding not to do risky sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of adolescent behavior in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Methods: This research used cross-sectional design. The populations were students of senior high school in District Sintang. The were 123 respondents chosen by cluster sampling technique for this study. All data were collected using questionnaires and then analysed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have good knowledge about the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Related variable is the level of parental education (p=0.001), the support of parents/guardians (p=0.009), support teachers (p=0.005), peer support (p=0.039), residency (p=0.009), a pastime activity (p=0.000), knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health (p=0.016), perception ability of adolescents (p=0.006) and attitude of adolescents (p=0.049). Adolescent self-perception abilities are variables that most influence on the behavior of adolescents in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: Efforts to improve reproductive health programs should be early and adolescent have responsibilities as well as healthy behaviors.

Faktor Predisposisi Dan Pemungkin Perilaku Penggunaan Kondom Padapelanggan WPS Di Semampir Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 09
Author(s):  
Shinta Kristianti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Influential Variable ◽  
Use Behavior

Transmission of HIV-AIDS in Indonesia is growing fast, one of the triggers are due to risky sexual behavior, including sexual behavior in FSW’s clients. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the behavior of condom use on the FSW’s clients in Semampir Kediri. This study used quantitative methods to the design of explanatory research with cross sectional approach. A triangulation of qualitative data used to support the results of quantitative analysis were excavated from WPS and pimps as a cross check answers FSW’s clients, the means used was to in-depth interviews and FGDs (Focus Group Discussion) on the FSW and pimps. Sample size was 66 people. Univariate data analysis, with chi-square bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results showed most respondents (71.2%) behave consistent in using condoms.Variables related to condom use behavior in FSW were knowledge, perception of vulnerability, severity perceived, benefits perceived, barriers perceived and perceived ability to self (self-efficacy), the availability of condoms, condom regulation, support of friends and support of FSW. Support of friend was the most influential variable on the practice of using condoms to FSW’s clients and the OR value was 19.218.; Key words: female sex workers (FSW), FSW’s clients, condom, consistent 

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