scholarly journals Application value of combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghuan Bian ◽  
Changhao Liu ◽  
Zhaojiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background Our study attempted to observe the value of periodontal curettage combined with root planing on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods There involved 72 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. The patients enrolled were randomly divided into four groups using a computer-generated table: root planing and periodontal curettage combined group (n = 18), root planning group (n = 18), periodontal curettage group (n = 18) and cleansing group (n = 18). Blood glucose, plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), serum levels of inflammatory factors (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha [TNF- α] and hypersensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) were observed before and after treatment. The collecting dates were analyzed by the chi-square χ 2 test, repeated measurement analysis of variance, or t-test according to different data types and research objectives. Results Before treatment, there was no significant difference in PI, GI, PD and AL among the four groups (P> 0.05), while after 3-month treatment, the levels of PI, GI, PD and AL in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, with both root planing group and periodontal curettage group significantly lower than cleansing group (P< 0.05). The fasting blood glucose, 2-h postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the combined group, root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in TNF- α and hs-CRP among the four groups (P> 0.05), but the levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the four groups decreased significantly after 3-month treatment (P< 0.05). The levels of TNF- α and hs-CRP in the combined group were lower than those in the root planing group, periodontal curettage group and cleansing group, and those in the root planing group and periodontal curettage group were significantly lower than those in the cleansing group (P< 0.05). Conclusion The combination therapy of periodontal curettage and root planing exerted beneficial effects on moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which holds the potential to maintain the level of blood glucose and improve the quality of life of the patients.

scholarly journals A Randomized Study to Compare the Effects of Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Injection and Once-Daily Glimepiride on Glucose Fluctuation of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A 26-Week Follow-Up

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqin Li ◽  
Xiaohua Xu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Xiaocen Kong ◽  
Maoyuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Glucose Fluctuation ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. To evaluate the effects of once-weekly dulaglutide injection and once-daily glimepiride on glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). Methods. A total of 23 patients with T2DM were randomly assigned into two groups for 26 weeks: the dulaglutide group (n=13) and the glimepiride group (n=10). 72-hour CGMS was applied to all patients: before and after the treatment. General clinical data were collected and measured, such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results. HbA1c of the dulaglutide group was reduced from 8.38±0.93% to 6.68±0.73% after the treatment (P<0.05); similarly, it was reduced from 7.91±0.98% to 6.67±0.74% (P<0.05) in the glimepiride group. The levels of serum 8-iso-PGF2α, TNF-α, and IL-6 all decreased significantly in both groups after treatment, and there was no significant difference found between the two groups (P>0.05). The Mean Blood Glucose (MBG) of the two groups declined significantly after therapy (P<0.05). However, the Standard Deviation of Blood Glucose (SDBG) decreased significantly only in the dulaglutide group (from 2.57±0.74 mmol/L to 1.98±0.74 mmol/L, P<0.05). There were no significant changes of Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursion (MAGE) and Absolute Means of Daily Difference (MODD) after treatment in both groups. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in MBG, SDBG, MAGE, and MODD (P>0.05). The percentage time (PT) (>10 mmol/L and 3.9-10 mmol/L) of the two groups was significantly changed after the treatment (P<0.05). However, this was not seen in the PT<3.9 mmol/L after the treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion. Once-weekly dulaglutide injection has the same effectiveness as daily glimepiride on lowering blood glucose and decreasing oxidation stress and inflammation and is more effective in controlling glucose fluctuation as compared with glimepiride. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01644500.

Acute-phase serum proteins and adipocytokines in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Relationships with body composition and blood glucose fluctuations

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
V V Klimontov ◽  
N V Tyan ◽  
O N Fazullina ◽  
N E Myakina ◽  
N B Orlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Pai 1

Aim. To estimate the relationships between the serum concentrations of acute-phase proteins (APPs) and adipocytokines, body composition (BC), and blood glucose (BG) fluctuations in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subjects and methods. A total of 165 women with T2DM and 22 with a normal body mass index (BMI) at the age of 40 to 70 years were examined. The concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and acid α1-glycoprotein (α1-AGP) were determined by ELISA. The levels of interleukins 6, 8, and 18 (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) were measured by a multiplex analysis. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to estimate BC parameters. BG fluctuations were estimated via continuous glucose monitoring. Results. The levels of hs-CRP, α1-AGP, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNF-α, and PAI-1 were significantly higher in the obese women with T2DM than those in the control group. In the diabetic normal weight women, only hs-CRP, α1-AGP, and IL-8 concentrations exceeded those in the controls. The level of hs-CRP (other than α1-AGP) correlated positively with BMI, the mass of adipose tissue, body trunk (android), and gynoid fats. A multivariate regression analysis showed that adipose tissue mass and trunk fat proportion were independent predictors of hs-CRP levels. The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, PAI-1, and TNF-α correlated positively with waist-to-hip ratio, but demonstrated no associations with BMI and BC. Only the serum α1-AGP level showed a positive association with mean BG and its variability parameters. Conclusion. In the women with T2DM, the serum concentrations of APPs and adipocytokines correlate differently with the mass of adipose tissue, its distribution, and BG fluctuations. The findings indicate the multifactorial genesis of chronic inflammation in these patients.

scholarly journals The Effects of Tai Chi on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyao Chao ◽  
Chunyan Wang ◽  
Xiaosheng Dong ◽  
Meng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. To investigate the effects of Tai chi in type 2 diabetes mellitus (type-2 DM) patients using systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods. Seven electronic resource databases were searched, and randomized controlled trials on the role of Tai chi in type-2 DM patients were retrieved. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3, and research quality evaluation was conducted with the modified Jadad scale. Results. Fourteen studies, with 798 individuals related to the intervention of Tai chi on diabetes, were included. The results showed that, compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of lowering fasting blood glucose [MD = −1.39, 95% CI (−1.95, −0.84), P<0.0001] and the subgroup effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount, there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises [MD = −0.50, 95% CI (−1.02, 0.02), P=0.06]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi could reduce HbA1c [MD = −0.21, 95% CI (−0.61, 0.19), P=0.31], and the group effect size decreased with the increase of total exercise amount. The reducing HbA1c effect of Tai chi was better than that of other aerobic exercises, but the difference was at the margin of statistical significance [MD = −0.19, 95% CI (−0.37, 0.00), P=0.05]; compared with nonexercise, Tai chi had the effect of reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−2.89, −1.26), P=0.0002], there is no significant difference between Tai chi and other aerobic exercises in reducing 2 h postprandial blood glucose [MD = −0.44, 95% CI (−1.42, 0.54), P=0.38]. Conclusion. Tai chi can effectively affect the management of blood glucose and HbA1c in type-2 DM patients. Long-term adherence to Tai chi has a better role in reducing blood glucose and HbA1c levels in type 2 DM patients.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK RELAKSASI OTOT PROGRESIF TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Tati Murni Karokaro ◽  
Muhammad Riduan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference

The prevalence of diabetes occuring in 2015 is 9,3% and is expected to increase annualy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs because insulin resistance, which glucose fails to enter the cell, usually occurs in the age above 30 years. One of the modalitas therapy that can be done is progressive muscle relaxation. The purpose of the study was to the identify the effect of progressive muscle relaxation therapy on the decrease in blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at hospital GRANDMED Lubuk Pakam. This research method used pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. A sample size of 10 respondents selected by sampling technique of non-probability sampling type consecutive sampling. The result of paired hypothesis test of t-test sample at significance level 95%obtained p Value < α, that is 0,001 indicates that there is influence of progressive muscle relaxation therapy to decrease blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient. Conclusion obtained there is significant difference between blood glucose levels before and after progressive muscle relaxation therapy. It is sugessted that health care institutions need to implement new policies related to the application of progressive muscle relaxation therapy.

scholarly journals Research on the correlation of serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 level to vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with overweight or obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Jun X ◽  
Yanan Z ◽  
Zhijie C ◽  
Zhihui D ◽  
Danhua S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) level and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accompanied by overweight or obesity by observing not only the changes of PAI-1 level in T2DM patients with overweight or obesity, but also glucose and lipid metabolism related indicators, the changes of the inflammatory cytokines secreted by adipocytes, and then making an analysis on the correlation to PAI-1.Methods: 36 cases of healthy examinees were selected as normal control group (NC group), and the experimental group can be divided into T2DM group (54 cases), Overweight/Obesity group (35 cases) and T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group (48 cases). Glucose and lipid metabolism related indicators such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin resistance index (IR), body weight index (BMI) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and PAI-1 were observed and compared between groups, and then made an analysis to explore the correlation of these factors to PAI-1.Results: (1) Compared with NC group, the levels of FBG, HbA1c, FINS and IR were increased in T2DM group, and the difference was of statistical significance. However, there was no statistically significant difference in TG, TC, LDL-C and BMI between NC group and T2DM group; the levels of FINS, IR, TG, LDL-C, TC and BMI were elevated in Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance. However, there was no statistically significant difference in FBG and HbA1c; the levels of FBG, HbA1c, FINS, IR, TG, LDL-C, TC and BMI were up-regulated in T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance. Compared with T2DM group, the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C and BMI were increased in Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance, however, the levels of FBG, HbA1c, FINS and IR were decreased, and the difference was statistically significant; The levels of FINS, IR, TG, TC, LDL-C and BMI were elevated in T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance, however, there was no statistically significant difference in FBG and HbA1c. Compared with Overweight/Obesity group, the levels of FBG, FINS, IR, HbA1c and LDL-C were increased in T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance. However, the difference in TG, TC and BMI was not statistically significant. (2) Compared with NC group, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and PAI-1 were increased in T2DM group, Overweight/Obesity group and T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with T2DM group, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated in Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance, but there was no statistically significant difference in PAI-1; the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and PAI-1 were up-regulated in T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with Overweight/Obesity group, there was no statistically significant difference in IL-6 and TNF-α between T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group and Overweight/Obesity group, but the level of PAI-1 was increased in T2DM + Overweight/Obesity group, and the difference was of statistical significance. (3) Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis showed that HbA1c, IR, TG, BMI, IL-6 and TNF-α were independently associated with the level of PAI-1 (all p < .05).Conclusions: (1) The level of PAI-1 is higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with overweight or obesity than that in patients only with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and it is one of causes that result in vascular complications. (2) The increase in the level of PAI-1 is considered to be associated with IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by adipocytes.

scholarly journals The role of Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in the development of myocardial ischemia with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 205873921879232
Author(s):  
Yan Xiong ◽  
Jianhong Tao ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Yijia Tang ◽  
Qiyong Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α

This study is to observe the distribution of intestinal flora and the changes of inflammatory factors in elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 106 elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (complicated group), 106 elderly patients with simple type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetic group), and 106 healthy elderly people (control group) were selected. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), 1-h postprandial blood glucose (1hPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), 3-h postprandial blood glucose (3hPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in complicated group and the diabetic group were higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The duration of diabetes, FBG, 3hPG, and HbA1c in the complicated group were higher than those in the diabetic group, while the 2hPG was lower than that in the diabetic group ( P < 0.05). Compared with control group, the number of Enterobacteria in the diabetic group and complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the diabetic group, the number of Enterobacteria in complicated group was increased, while the numbers of Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus were decreased ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with control group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the lowest in the complicated group. Conversely, the levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interleukin 12 (IL-2) increased in the diabetic group and complicated group, and the highest in the complicated group ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were the influencing factors of myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In conclusion, in the elderly patients with myocardial ischemia complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the number of intestinal probiotics and the level of anti-inflammatory factors decreased, and the number of pathogenic bacteria and the level of inflammatory factors increased. Enterobacteria, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 may play an important role in the development of myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salivary Procalcitonin and Macrophage Activating Factor in Generalised Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhu Ramarao Ghorpade ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Rajaram ◽  
Jaideep Mahendra ◽  
Burnice Nalinakumari Chelladurai ◽  
Ambalavanan Namasivayam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction: Periodontitis is a polymicrobial and multifactorial oral disease and is the sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis is important, and the use of non invasive biomarkers are highly useful for this purpose. The level of Macrophage Activating Factor (MAF) and Procalcitonin (ProCT) corresponds to the intensity of the inflammatory response and the severity of infection; thereby indicating that an increase in concentration or persistence of high values is considered as a prognostic indicator for severity of infection with an adverse outcome. Aim: To assess the periodontal parameters and quantify the levels of MAF and ProCT in saliva samples of generalised chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and to correlate these levels with the periodontal parameters. Materials and Methods: The study was a single centre cross- sectional study carried out at the Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from November 2018 to November 2019. A total of 80 subjects with generalised severe chronic periodontitis were selected and divided into two groups. Group I comprised of 40 subjects who were diagnosed with generalised chronic periodontitis without type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas group II comprised of 40 subjects with generalised chronic periodontitis who had already been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Periodontal parameters such as Plaque Index (PI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were recorded. The collected samples were subjected to molecular analysis for evaluating ProCT and MAF using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.1 (Chicago, USA Inc). Student’s Independent t-test was used to compare the mean values for the variables in the control and test group. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to evaluate correlation between all the variables. The p-value <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: On comparing the periodontal parameters between group I and group II, there was no significant difference between the groups p-value >0.05. The mean salivary ProCT level in group I and group II was 268.76±152.78 ng/mL and 785.75±244.37 ng/mL, respectively. The mean salivary MAF level in group I and group II was 7.15±2.02 ng/mL and 26.56±9.12 ng/mL, respectively. On comparing MAF and ProCT value between group I and group II, there was a statistically significant increase in group II (p-value <0.001) and a weak correlation value with the periodontal parameters was seen. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in levels of MAF and ProCT in saliva samples of generalised chronic periodontitis subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus, however the periodontal variables in each group did not correlate with MAF and ProCT.

scholarly journals Visual Functional Defects in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Questionnaire Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimeng Ge ◽  
Sanbao Chai ◽  
Yu Wan ◽  
Huaqin Xia ◽  
Ruilan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose To determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on visual functions, identify different modifiers as risk or protective factors, and find out how these factors affect patients’ visual symptoms and vision-related quality of life as a whole. Methods We performed an online survey among 1242 participants (400 patients, 842 non-patients). Demographic features and severity of disease were documented, while visual functions were evaluated using National Eye Institute Visual Functioning questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Independent t-test, analysis of variance, linear and non-linear regression models were used to assess all data. Results Scores other than color vision among T2DM patients were significantly lower compared with non-T2DM participants. There was significant difference after stratification of age and education, but no significant difference between different genders was observed. Parameters including duration of T2DM, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) negatively impacted on the scores, with 20 years’ of diabetic duration, 10mmol/L of FPG, 7.5% of HbA1c being potential cut-off points. Poorer best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy were risk factors, while they simultaneously produced mediation effect, contributing 5%-78% of effect in the deterioration of visual functions caused by longer diabetic duration and higher blood glucose. Conclusion Significant visual impairments and faster deterioration in visual functions were seen in T2DM patients, with older age, lower educational level, longer diabetic duration, poorer blood glucose administration, limited BCVA, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy identified as risk factors. Average BCVA and diabetic retinopathy also yielded mediation effect as diabetic duration lengthened and blood glucose elevated.

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