scholarly journals Pilot investigation of circulating angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers associated with vascular malformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Wetzel-Strong ◽  
Shantel Weinsheimer ◽  
Jeffrey Nelson ◽  
Ludmila Pawlikowska ◽  
Dewi Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Circulating Biomarker ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Q Values

Abstract Background Vascular malformations in the central nervous system are difficult to monitor and treat due to their inaccessible location. Angiogenic and inflammatory proteins are secreted into the bloodstream and may serve as useful biomarkers for identifying patients at risk for complications or with certain disease phenotypes. Methods A validated multiplex protein array consisting of 26 angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers (Angiome) was assessed in plasma isolated from healthy controls and patients with either sporadic brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM), familial cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM), or hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). These samples were obtained from archives of ongoing research studies at the University of California San Francisco and through prospective collection at the Toronto HHT Centre at St. Michael’s Hospital. Results We compared circulating biomarker levels from each patient group to healthy controls and analyzed each pairwise combination of patient groups for differences in biomarker levels. Additionally, we analyzed the HHT samples to determine the association between biomarker levels and the following HHT-specific phenotypes, BAVM, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM), liver vascular malformation (LVM), and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Compared to controls, levels of SDF1 were significantly elevated in HHT patients (Proportional Increase [PI] = 1.87, p < 0.001, q = 0.011). Levels of sENG were significantly reduced in HHT patients compared to controls (PI = 0.56, p < 0.001, q < 0.001), reflecting the prevalence of HHT1 patients in this cohort. Levels of IL6 (PI = 3.22, p < 0.001, q < 0.001) and sTGFβR3 (PI = 0.70, p = 0.001, q < 0.029) differed significantly in CCM patients compared to controls. Compared to controls, ten of the biomarkers were significantly different in sporadic BAVM patients (q-values < 0.05). Among the pairwise combinations of patient groups, a significant elevation was observed in TGFβ1 in CCM patients compared to sporadic BAVM patients (PI = 2.30, p < 0.001, q = 0.034). When examining the association of circulating biomarker levels with HHT-specific phenotypes, four markers were significantly lower in HHT patients with BAVM (q-values < 0.05), and four markers were significantly higher in patients with LVM (q-values < 0.05). Conclusions This pilot study suggests that the profile of circulating angiogenic and inflammatory biomarkers may be unique to each type of vascular malformation. Furthermore, this study indicates that circulating biomarkers may be useful for assessing phenotypic traits of vascular malformations.

scholarly journals Early description of synchronous double spinal vascular malformations by Łucja Frey in 1928

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Gailloud
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Complex Case ◽  
Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Spinal Vascular Malformations ◽  
Early Description ◽  
Auriculotemporal Nerve

The Polish neurologist Łucja Frey (1889–1942) is principally remembered for her description of the auriculotemporal nerve (or Frey's) syndrome. She also reported a complex case of spinal cord vascular malformation in 1928, which included one of the earliest accurate anatomopathological depictions of a spinal arteriovenous malformation as well as the first known observation of double synchronous spinal cord vascular malformation. An abbreviated translation of Frey's report is followed by a discussion of the place occupied by her contribution in the development of our current understanding of spinovascular disorders.

scholarly journals Novel use of arterial spin labelling in the imaging of peripheral vascular malformations

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 20200021
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Ramachandran ◽  
Jonathan Delf ◽  
Jocelyn Brookes ◽  
William Adair ◽  
Harjeet Rayt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Perfusion Technique ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Spin Labelling

We present a novel use of arterial spin labelling (ASL), a MRI perfusion technique, to assess a high-flow, peripheral vascular malformation (PVM), specifically a large arteriovenous malformation in the left forearm of a 20-year-old female. While there has been experience with ASL in the assessment of intracranial vascular malformations, there has been no known use of ASL in the evaluation of PVMs. We also discuss the potential benefits and limitations of ASL in the imaging of PVMs. The promising results from this case warrant further research on ASL in the investigation of PVMs.

Venous-predominant parenchymal arteriovenous malformation: a rare subtype with a venous drainage pattern mimicking developmental venous anomaly

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
So-Hyang Im ◽  
Moon Hee Han ◽  
Bae Ju Kwon ◽  
Jung Yong Ahn ◽  
Cheolkyu Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Developmental Venous Anomaly ◽  
Venous Anomaly ◽  
Arteriovenous Shunts

Object Considerable confusion exists in the literature regarding the classification of cerebrovascular malformations and their clinical significance. One example is provided by the atypical developmental venous anomaly (DVA) with arteriovenous shunt, because it remains controversial whether these lesions should be classified as DVAs or as atypical cases of other subtypes of cerebrovascular malformations. The purpose of this study was to clarify the classification of these challenging vascular lesions in an effort to suggest an appropriate diagnosis and management strategy. Methods The authors present a series of 15 patients with intracranial vascular malformations that were angiographically classified as atypical DVAs with arteriovenous shunts. This type of vascular malformation shows a fine arterial blush without a distinct nidus and early filling of dilated medullary veins that drain these arterial components during the arterial phase on angiography. Those prominent medullary veins converge toward an enlarged main draining vein, which together form the caput medusae appearance of a typical DVA. Results Based on clinical, angiographic, surgical, and histological findings, the authors propose classifying these vascular malformations as a subtype of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM), rather than as a variant of DVA or as a combined vascular malformation. Conclusions Correct recognition of this AVM subtype is required for its proper management, and its clinical behavior appears to follow that of a typical AVM. Gamma Knife radiosurgery appears to be a good alternative to resection, although long-term follow-up results require verification.

Congenital Vascular Malformations: General Diagnostic Principles

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
B B Lee ◽  
J Laredo ◽  
S J Lee ◽  
S H Huh ◽  
J H Joe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Venous Malformation ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Congenital Vascular Malformation ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Single Lesion

Venous malformation (VM) is the most common congenital vascular malformation (CVM), which usually presents as a single lesion in the majority of cases. It also presents as a mixed lesion combined with other CVMs (e.g. lymphatic malformation and arteriovenous malformation [AVM]). Therefore, the diagnosis of VM should include an appropriate work-up, to not only confirm and characterize the VM as either extratruncular or truncular but also to diagnose or exclude the presence of other CVMs. The diagnosis of VM can be made safely using non-invasive to minimally invasive studies, which can also distinguish VM from infantile haemangioma. Invasive studies, such as venography and arteriography, are generally reserved for therapeutic planning and diagnosis of more virulent CVMs (e.g. AVM). The work-up of VM should include a complete assessment of the extent and severity of the primary VM lesion. In addition, its embryologic origin, as well as its haemodynamic characteristics and secondary effects should also be determined.

scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of S100A12 and S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) in dogs with sepsis or the systemic inflammatory response syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany E. Thames ◽  
James W. Barr ◽  
Jan S. Suchodolski ◽  
Jörg M. Steiner ◽  
Romy M. Heilmann
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Patient Groups

Pattern recognition receptors (e.g., S100A12 or S100A8/A9) hold promise as inflammatory biomarkers. We prospectively determined and compared serum S100A12 and S100A8/A9 concentrations in dogs with sepsis ( n = 11) or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS; n = 8) over a 3-d period with each other, healthy controls ( n = 50), and other clinical and clinicopathologic variables. Serum S100A12 and S100A8/A9 concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with sepsis or SIRS (all p < 0.05) at the time of hospital admission (day 1) compared to healthy controls, with no differences between patient groups. However, septic dogs had significantly lower serum S100A12 concentrations on day 2 and day 3 (both p < 0.05) compared to dogs with SIRS. Likewise, dogs with sepsis had significantly lower S100A8/A9 concentrations on day 2 ( p < 0.05). Neither serum S100A12 nor S100A8/A9 concentrations were associated with survival to discharge. Our results suggest a differential expression of the S100/calgranulins between dogs with sepsis and those with SIRS. Serum S100A12 or S100A8/A9 concentration at the time of hospital admission did not differentiate dogs with sepsis from those with SIRS, but the trend of S100/calgranulin concentrations during the following 24–48 h may be a useful surrogate marker for differentiating sepsis from SIRS.

Mixed arteriovenous malformation and capillary telangiectasia: a rare subset of mixed vascular malformations

1997 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D. Chang ◽  
Gary K. Steinberg ◽  
Marshal Rosario ◽  
Rebecca S. Crowley ◽  
Robert F. Hevner
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Capillary Telangiectasia ◽  
Cerebrovascular Malformation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In this report, the authors discuss the case of a patient with a mixed cerebrovascular malformation in which an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) was associated with a capillary telangiectasia. Recent reports have contained reviews of various subsets of mixed malformations. To the authors' knowledge, however, this is the first report of a mixed vascular malformation with both arterial and capillary components. The patient underwent complete resection of the AVM after presenting with a clinical hemorrhage. She required a second operation to resect the capillary telangiectasia after new symptoms developed several months following the first procedure. The authors conclude that a mixed AVM—capillary telangiectasia is a rare but distinct entity.

A Rare Case: Primary Venous Malformation in Parietal Bone

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Serhat Yarar ◽  
Ilker Uyar ◽  
Mehmet Emin Cem Yildirim ◽  
Mehmet Dadacı ◽  
Bilsev Ince
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Venous Malformation ◽  
Parietal Bone ◽  
Hair Density ◽  
Trichilemmal Cyst ◽  
Advancement Flaps ◽  
Rotation Advancement

Primary intraosseous vascular malformations (PIVMs) are rare intraosseous lesions, accounting for approximately 0.5–1% of all intraosseous tumours. In this case report, we aimed to present a rare case of intraosseous vascular malformation causing a large lytic area in the parietal bone. A 25-year-old male patient was admitted to the clinic with a mass on the parietal bone. On physical examination, it was observed that the hair density on the mass was decreased, the mass had a soft consistency, and there was no pain on palpation. The patient was operated under local anaesthesia with a provisional diagnosis of a trichilemmal cyst. However, intraoperative diagnosis was a vascular malformation. There was a 3-cm full-thickness defect on the parietal bone caused by the lesion. The mass was excised completely while preserving the integrity of the dura. The resulting defect was reconstructed with bilateral rotation advancement flaps. The calvarial defect was not reconstructed due to equipment inadequacy. No complications were encountered in the postoperative period. Ninety-three PIVM cases have been reported in the skull since 1845. In very few of these cases, the mass is located in the parietal bone. The pathogenesis of PIVMs is not completely understood. The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination. The therapeutic gold standard is surgery. Surgeons should keep in mind that radiological examination before the operation could prevent undesirable complications.

scholarly journals Remote assessment of verbal memory in MS patients using the California Verbal Learning Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa F Barcellos ◽  
Kalliope H Bellesis ◽  
Ling Shen ◽  
Xiaorong Shao ◽  
Terrence Chinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
California Verbal Learning Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Remote Assessment ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Learning Test

We used the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II), one component of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS), to determine feasibility of a remote assessment protocol. We compared telephone-administered CVLT-II data from MS patients to data acquired in person from an independent sample of patients and healthy controls. Mixed factor analyses of variance (ANOVAs) showed no significant differences between patient groups, but between-group effects comparing patients and healthy controls were significant. In this study, CVLT-II assessment by conventional in-person and remote telephone assessment yielded indistinguishable results. The findings indicate that telephone-administered CVLT-II is feasible. Further validation studies are underway.

scholarly journals Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformations: Imaging and Endovascular Management Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virender Malik ◽  
Harshith Kramadhari ◽  
Jawahar Rathod ◽  
Yadav W. Munde ◽  
Uday Bhanu Kovilapu
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Life Threatening

AbstractThe peripheral high-flow vascular malformation (HFVM) comprises arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and fistula (AVF), shows varied clinical presentation (ranging from subtle skin lesion to life-threatening congestive heart failure), and frequently poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Importance of assigning a specific diagnosis to the vascular malformation cannot be overstated, as the treatment strategy is based on the type of vascular anomaly. Although the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification system is the most commonly accepted system for classifying congenital vascular anomalies in clinical practice, the Cho–Do et al classification is of utmost help in guiding optimal mode of treatment in peripheral AVM. Although transarterial approach remains the most commonly employed route for peripheral AVM embolization, the role of transvenous and direct percutaneous approach is ever increasing and the final decision on the approach depends on angioarchitecture of the AVM. In this article, we review various commonly employed classification systems for congenital vascular anomalies, and describe clinical features, imaging and treatment strategies for peripheral arteriovenous malformation (PAVM).

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