scholarly journals Validated green spectrophotometric kinetic method for determination of Clindamycin Hydrochloride in capsules

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaza Affas ◽  
Amir Alhaj Sakur
Keyword(s):  
Initial Rate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Iodide Ions ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Background simple, sensitive, free of organic solvents, kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Clindamycin Hydrochloride, both in pure form and Capsules. Method is based on reaction of Clindamycin with potassium iodide and potassium iodate in an aqueous medium at (25 ± 2 °C) to produce yellow-coloured tri iodide ions (I3−). The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at wavelength 350 nm during 40 min. Results the effects of analytical parameters on reported kinetic methods were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the initial rate and fixed time (at 10 min) methods were used for constructing the calibration graphs. The graphs were linear in concentration ranges 1–20 μg ml−1 with limit of detection of 0.12 and 0.22 μg ml−1for the initial rate and fixed time methods, respectively. The results were satisfactory and the analytical performance for both methods was validated. Conclusion The proposed methods have been applied to determine the components in capsules with an average recovery of 98.25–102.00% and the results are in good agreement with those found by the reference method.

scholarly journals  Determination of CLINDAMYCIN HCl in Capsules by New, Validated, Simple and Green Kinetic Spectrometric Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaza Affas ◽  
Amir Alhaj Sakur
Keyword(s):  
Initial Rate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Iodide Ions ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Background: simple, sensitive, free of organic solvents, kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Clindamycin Hydrochloride, both in pure form and Capsules. Method used is based on reaction of Clindamycin with potassium iodide and potassium iodate in aqueous medium at (25 ±2 °c) to produce yellow colored tri iodide ions (I3-). the reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at 350 nm wavelength during 40 minutes. Results: the effects of analytical parameters on reported kinetic methods were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the initial rate and fixed time (at 10 min) methods were used for constructing the calibration graphs. The graphs were linear in concentration ranges 1-20 μg.ml-1 with limit of detection of 0.12 and 0.22 μg ml-1for the initial rate and fixed time methods, respectively. The results were satisfactory and the analytical performance for both methods was validated. Conclusion: The proposed methods have been applied to determine the components in capsules with an average recovery of 98.25% to 102.00% and the results are in good agreement with those found by the reference method.

scholarly journals Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of Bi(III) based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation of phenylfluorone by hydrogen peroxide

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 977-984
Author(s):  
Sofija Rancic ◽  
Snezana Nikolic-Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Spectrophotometric Determination ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Good Agreement

A new reaction was suggested and a new kinetic method was elaborated for determination of Bi(III) in solution, based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation of phenyl-fluorone (PF) by hydrogen peroxide in ammonia buffer. By application of spectrophotometric technique, a limit of quantification (LQ) of 128 ng cm-3 was reached, and the limit of detection (LD) of 37 ng cm-3 was obtained, where LQ was defined as the ratio signal: noise = 10:1 and LD was defined as signal 3:1 against the blank. The RSD value was found to be in the range 2.8-4.8 % for the investigated concentration range of Bi(III). The influence of some ions upon the reaction rate was tested. The method was confirmed by determining Bi(III) in a stomach ulcer drug ('Bicit HP', Hemofarm A.D.). The obtained results were compared to those obtained by AAS and good agreement of results was obtained.

scholarly journals Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Gemifloxacin Mesylate and Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations Using 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed G. Abdel Wahed ◽  
Ragaa El Sheikh ◽  
Ayman A. Gouda ◽  
Sayed Abou Taleb
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Simple, sensitive, and accurate kinetic spectrophotometric method was proposed for the determination of gemifloxacin mesylate (GMF) and moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX) in pure forms and pharmaceutical preparations (tablets). The method is based on coupling the studied drugs with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) in the presence of alkaline borate buffer. Spectrophotometric measurement was achieved by recording the absorbance at 466 and 464 nm for GMF and MOX, respectively, after a fixed time of 20 and 15 min on a water bath adjusted at 70 ± 5°C for both drugs. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the color were carefully studied and optimized. The absorbance-concentration plots were linear over the ranges 0.5–8.0 and 2.0–12 μg mL−1for GMF and MOX, respectively. The limit of detection of the kinetic method was about 0.12 (2.47 × 10−7 M) and 0.36 (8.22 × 10−7 M) μg mL−1for GMF and MOX, respectively. The proposed methods have been applied and validated successfully with percentage relative standard deviation (RSD% ≤ 0.52) as precision and percentage relative error (RE% ≤ 1.33) as accuracy. The robustness of the proposed method was examined with recovery values that were 97.5–100.5 ± 1.3–1.9%. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference spectrophotometric methods shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy or precision.

scholarly journals Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Ranitidine and Nizatidine in Pharmaceuticals

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1316-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed I Walash ◽  
Fathalla Belal ◽  
Fawzia Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Hefnawy ◽  
Manal Eid
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Borate Buffer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract An accurate and simple kinetic method is described for the determination of ranitidine and nizatidine in pure form and in pharmaceuticals. The method is based on the reaction of the compounds with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole in pH 7.4 borate buffer at 60°C for a fixed time of 25 min for both compounds. The absorbance of the reaction product is measured at 495 nm for ranitidine and nizatidine. Calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range of 2–20 μg/mL, with limits of detection of 0.13 (3.7 × 10−7M) and 0.25 μg/mL (7.5 × 10−7M) for ranitidine and nizatidine, respectively. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of ranitidine in tablets and ampoules with average recoveries of 100.26 ± 0.69 and 100.29 ± 0.59%, respectively, and to the determination of nizatidine in capsules with an average recovery of 104.26 ± 0.44%. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by the other methods used for comparison. A proposal of the reaction pathway is also presented.

scholarly journals A Novel Indicator Reaction for the Catalytic Determination of V(V) at ppb Levels by the Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim Ulusoy ◽  
Ramazan Gürkan
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Entire Concentration Range ◽  
Catalytic Determination ◽  
Certified Value ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Good Agreement

A novel sensitive and relatively selective kinetic method is presented for the determination of V(V), based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation reaction of Ponceau Xylydine by potassium bromate in presence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) as activator. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in absorbance of Ponceau Xylydine at 640 nm between 0.5 to 7 min (the fixed time method) in H3PO4 medium at 25oC. The effect of various parameters such as concentrations of H3PO4, SSA, bromate and Ponceau Xylydine, temperature and ionic strength on the rate of net reaction were studied. The method is free from most interferences, especially from large amounts of V(IV). The decrease in absorbance is proportional to the concentration of V(V) over the entire concentration range tested (1–15 ng mL−1) with a detection limit of 0.46 ng mL–1 (according to statistical 3Sblank/k criterion) and a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.8% (for ten replicate measurement at 95% confidence level).The proposed method suffers few interferences such as Cr(VI) and Hg(II) ions. The method was successfully applied to the determination of V(V) in tap water, drinking water, bottled mineralwater samples and a certified standard reference material such as SRM-1640 with satisfactory results. The vanadium contents of water samples were also determined by FAAS for a comparison.The recovery of spiked vanadium(V) was found to be quantitative and the reproducibility was satisfactory. It was observed that the results of the SRM 1640 were in good agreement with the certified value.

Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Selenium (IV) by its Catalytic Effect on the Oxidation of Acid Chrome Blue K by Hydrogen Peroxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 2358-2363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Rong Zhou ◽  
Li Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Acid Chrome Blue K ◽  
Good Agreement

Based on the oxidation of acid chrome blue K (ACBK) by hydrogen peroxide in 0.002 mol/L sulfuric acid solution, while 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) acts as an activator, a simple kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of trace amounts of Se(IV).The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of ACBK at 524 nm with a fixed-time method. The decrease in the absorbance of ACBK is proportional to the concentration of Se (IV) in the range 0.06–1.0 µg/L with a fixed time of 4–10 min from the initiation of the reaction. The limit of detection is 0.018 µg/L Se (IV). The influence of the factors such as acidity, concentration of reactants, reaction time, temperature and co-existing ions on the reaction is discussed. The optimum conditions of reaction are established and some kinetic parameters are determined. The apparent activation energy of catalytic reaction is 62.30 kJ/mol. The relative standard deviation for 11 replicate determination of 0.01 and 0.02 µg/25mL selenium (III) was calculated to be 2.3 % and 2.0 %, respectively. Combined with sulphydryl dextrane gel (SDG) separation and enriching, the method has been successfully applied to the determination of Se (IV) in foodstuff samples with the relative standard deviation of 1.1 %–3.7 % and the recovery of 99.0 %–104.0 %, the results are in good agreement with those provided by HG-AAS method.

scholarly journals Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Ethamsylate in Dosage Forms

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed El-Enany ◽  
Fathalla Belal ◽  
Mohamed Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Quantitation Limit ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract A simple and sensitive kinetic method has been developed for the determination of ethamsylate (ESL) in its pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based upon oxidation of ESL with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride in presence of cerium(IV) ammonium sulfate at room temperature for 20 min. The absorbance of the reaction product is measured at 514 nm. The absorbance-concentration plot was rectilinear over the range of 430 g/mL (r = 0.9999). The lower detection limit was 0.267 g/mL (9.110 106 M) and the lower quantitation limit was 0.808 g/mL. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the reaction product were studied and optimized. The proposed method was applied to the determination of ESL in formulations, and the results obtained were in good agreement with those obtained using a reference method. The proposed method was also used for the in vitro detection of ESL in spiked human plasma at its therapeutic concentration level.

New Derivatization Methodology of 4-aminobenzoic Acid from its Dietary Supplements: Kinetic Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 752-768
Author(s):  
Naser A. Naser ◽  
Kasim M. Alasedi ◽  
Zainab A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric

Background: A new approach describing the validation and development of an easy, new spectrophotometric and kinetic method for identification of para-aminobenzoic acid in dietary supplement has been performed. In this study, para-aminobenzoic acid was derived in a pH-controlled environment, as a new organic compound 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, by incorporating diazotized para-aminobenzoic acid with pyrogallol. Objective: The determination of para-aminobenzoic acid was conducted by the fixed time and initial rate techniques. These approaches were based on the reaction of the compound containing paraaminobenzoic acid, 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, with Ag(I) to form colored product with a maximum absorbance at 468nm. Both of these techniques were adopted for constructing the calibration curves and examined for their suitability for the quantitation of para-aminobenzoic acid in dietary supplement. Methods: The determination process was established, using initial rate and fixed time kinetic spectrophotometric methods. Results: 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol was characterized using proton-nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric thermal methods, gas chromatography–mass techniques, and solvatochromic behavior in solvents with different polarities was also examined. Conclusion: For the first time, para-aminobenzoic acid was well determined by incorporating it as an organic solid compound, 4(4-Benzophenylazo)pyrogallol, through coupling pyrogallol with diazotized para-aminobenzoic acid in regulated pH medium, ranging between 5.0 to 6.0. The existence of common excipients in the dietary supplement did not produce any significant interference. F- and ttest data analysis were used for statistical comparison of the suggested techniques with that of reference method, demonstrating excellent agreement with no significant difference in the associated precision and accuracy.

Smartphone Digital Image Using for Determination of DCH by a Diazotization Reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 988-995
Author(s):  
Ruba F. Abbas ◽  
Ali A. Waheb ◽  
Howraa K. Hami ◽  
Neda I. Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Drug Determination ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Effective Intensity ◽  
Good Agreement

Background: Simple, sensitive, and economic colorimetric device based on a smartphone digital image coupled with Color Grab™ application was developed for DCH drug determination. The method is based on the diazotization reaction of benzocaine with DCH drug to get an orange azo dye. Methods: Variable parameters such as volumes of reagents, the internal walls and ambient light have been analyzed and optimized. From the optimized conditions, a calibration curve was created by the effective intensity (IG) of an orange azo dye, a correlation of determination is 0.999 and limit of detection 0.808 mg/L. Results: The results of the Smartphone method were statistically compared with the reference method using a t-test and found to be a good agreement. Conclusion: This method requires neither solvent extraction and temperature control, also it has achieved an extensive linear range and low limit of detection compared with different methods reported in the literature.

scholarly journals The Development of a New Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Vanadium(V) Based on its Catalytic Effect on the Oxidation of Malachite Green Oxalate by Bromate in Acidic and Micellar Medium

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1612-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Keyvanfard ◽  
N. Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Micellar Medium ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽  
Malachite Green Oxalate

A new, simple, sensitive and selective kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of ultra trace amounts of vanadium(V). The method is based on the catalytic effect of vanadium(V) on the oxidation of malachite green oxalate (MG) by bromate in acidic and micellar medium. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in the absorbance of malachite green oxalate (MG) at 625 nm with a fixed-time method. The decrease in the absorbance of MG is proportional to the concentration of vanadium(V) in the range of 1-100 ng/mL with a fixed time of 0.5-2 min from the initiation of the reaction. The limit of detection is 0.71 ng/mL of vanadium(V). The relative standard deviation for the determination of 5, 30, 50 ng/mL of vanadium(V) was2.5% 2.6%, 2.4% and respectively. The method was applied to the determination of vanadium(V) in water samples.

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