scholarly journals Spawning behavior of Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae) in a remnant of Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Queiroz Bastos ◽  
Paulo José Leite ◽  
Jacenir Reis dos Santos-Mallet ◽  
Cecilia Ferreira de Mello ◽  
Michele Serdeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Forest Environment ◽  
Ecological Gradient ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Mosquito assemblages are organized along an ecological gradient, including small habitats where interspecific competition predominates and large permanent habitats where predation predominates. This study aimed to analyze the oviposition behavior of mosquitoes regarding the preference for traps installed at two different heights with regard to ground level and the tendency to share spawning sites in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Nova Iguaçu, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods The eggs were collected from April 2018 to March 2019. Twelve ovitraps were used, randomly distributed in trees at ground level and at a height of 3 m in a forest environment. Results They were sequentially numbered, monitored, and replaced every 2 weeks. Among the 5818 eggs collected, 3941 hatched, 3756 reached the pupa stage, and 2370 reached the adult stage. The most abundant species were Aedes albopictus (63%) and Haemagogus leucocelaenus (35%), followed by Aedes terrens (2%) and Haemagogus janthinomys (1%). Analyses showed a significant difference of (P = 0.02) between the number of mosquito species collected in the palettes at ground level and the number collected at the height of 3 m. Cluster analysis of species abundance showed that the eggs collected in the palettes at ground level were more abundant than those collected in the palettes at the height of 3 m. We detected co-occurrence of species in the oviposition palettes; according to the null model, such species distribution was not random. Conclusions The exploitation of oviposition sites by mosquito species can represent an event forced by population density facilitated by the ecological valence of individuals of one species. Understanding the aggregate distribution of larvae at the oviposition site allows us to conduct more in-depth studies of the oviposition behavior of female mosquitoes. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Oviposition behavior of wild yellow fever vector mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayenne Olsson Freitas Silva ◽  
Cecilia Ferreira de Mello ◽  
Ronaldo Figueiró ◽  
Tatiana Docile ◽  
Michele Serdeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Janeiro State

AbstractAlthough there are many studies on the control of mosquito vectors of the yellow fever virus (YFV) in tropical forests, there are still few ecological studies regarding abiotic factors effect on these mosquitoes. Here we characterize these effects on oviposition behavior, abundance, and diversity of mosquito vectors of YFV. The study was conducted in Córrego da Luz Municipal Park, in Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, from July 2018 to December 2019. Ovitraps were placed at ground level and 3 m high. The data were tested for normality using the Shapiro–Wilk test, followed by an independent sample analysis, the Mann–Whitney test. The Shannon Diversity Index was used to evaluate the abundance of mosquitos' eggs collected at both ground level and 3 m high. We highlight the presence of Haemagogus janthinomys and Hg. leucocelaenus, primary YFV vectors in forest areas. The abundance of Hg. leucocelaenus (63%), Hg. janthinomys (75%), and Aedes terrens (58%) was higher at the height of 3 m, while Ae. albopictus (52%) was higher at ground level. Aedes albopictus was positively correlated with temperature. Culicidae monitoring is essential for assessing the YFV transmission cycle in Atlantic forest fragments.

scholarly journals Bionomy of Mosquitoes in Bamboo Internodes in an Atlantic Forest Remnant of the State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
Amanda Queiroz Bastos ◽  
Paulo José Leite ◽  
Cecilia Ferreira de Mello ◽  
Daniele Aguiar Maia ◽  
Sergio Lisboa Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Immature Development ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Mosquito Oviposition

ABSTRACT Living bamboo stalks are one of the most specialized habitats for mosquito oviposition and immature development. Most of the mosquito species that breed in these habitats are sylvatic, and some are of importance for public health as possible vectors of pathogens. Perforated internodes are a very specialized environment due to the difficulty of access. Furthermore, due to their relatively simple fauna, they represent a valuable model for ecological studies that may be applicable to more complex environments. This study aims to assess the mosquito bionomics of species raised in bamboo internodes. Therefore, the diversity of mosquito species and the influence of abiotic variables (pH and temperature) on the distribution of mosquitoes that breed in this habitat were analyzed. The study area is a fragment of Atlantic Forest within the Association of da Armada (ATA) in Nova Iguaçu, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Immature mosquitoes were sampled with suction tubes (mouth aspirators) between August 2017 and July 2018. A total of 3,170 larvae were collected in 5 bamboo plants, each with 8 stalks perforated. Of these, 688 larvae reached the adult stage, representing 10 genera and 19 species. The most common species were Culex neglectus (43%), Trichoprosopon digitatum (22%), Culex iridescens (8%), Sabethes identicus (7%), and Orthopodomyia albicosta (7%). The richness of the immatures collected in the ATA was 19 species, with a diversity of 1.10 and Shannon evenness of 0.57. A diverse composition of Culicidae in bamboo stalks was found, although dominance was low.

Seasonality and habitat influence on bat assemblage structure in an urban Atlantic Forest remnant from Southeastern Brazil

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Leonan M. Novaes ◽  
Renan F. Souza ◽  
Saulo Felix ◽  
André C. Siqueira ◽  
Rafael S. Laurindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Feeding Guilds ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

AbstractThe Brazilian Atlantic Forest is a severely threatened biodiversity hotspot and many remnants exist only as fragments. In order to understand how bat assemblage structure within a forest fragment surrounded by an urban matrix might respond to seasonality and different habitats, we sampled bats over 39 nights in the forest fragment of Gericinó-Mendanha Massif, Rio de Janeiro State. From February 2006 to January 2010, we captured 874 bats, belonging to 25 species and eight different feeding guilds. Frugivorous species were the most abundant, representing 83.33% of captures, and the gleaning insectivores were the least abundant (1.47%). We did not find changes in bat species composition between seasons, although capture rate was higher in the rainy season. However, we did find significant differences in species abundance between seasons. The habitat influence did not significantly differentiate the assemblages, but species richness was higher in the mature ombrophilous forest. The community composition indicates that this conservation unit is an important remaining fragment for maintaining the diversity and richness of bats, although it is possible that historical processes of environmental exploitation have already resulted in a loss of species.

scholarly journals Tree structure and richness in an Atlantic Forest fragment: distance from anthropogenic and natural edges

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Taquiguthi Ribeiro ◽  
Flavio Nunes Ramos ◽  
Flavio Antonio Maës Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Standing Dead ◽  
Total Study Area ◽  
Tree Branch

Approximately 7.2% of the Atlantic rainforest remains in Brazil, with only 16% of this forest remaining in the State of Rio de Janeiro, all of it distributed in fragments. This forest fragmentation can produce biotic and abiotic differences between edges and the fragment interior. In this study, we compared the structure and richness of tree communities in three habitats - an anthropogenic edge (AE), a natural edge (NE) and the fragment interior (FI) - of a fragment of Atlantic forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°50'S and 42°28'W). One thousand and seventy-six trees with a diameter at breast height > 4.8 cm, belonging to 132 morphospecies and 39 families, were sampled in a total study area of 0.75 ha. NE had the greatest basal area and the trees in this habitat had the greatest diameter:height allometric coefficient, whereas AE had a lower richness and greater variation in the height of the first tree branch. Tree density, diameter, height and the proportion of standing dead trees did not differ among the habitats. There was marked heterogeneity among replicates within each habitat. These results indicate that the forest interior and the fragment edges (natural or anthropogenic) do not differ markedly considering the studied parameters. Other factors, such as the age from the edge, type of matrix and proximity of gaps, may play a more important role in plant community structure than the proximity from edges.

scholarly journals Australian mosquito assemblages vary between ground and sub-canopy habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boni F. Sebayang ◽  
Tanya L. Russell ◽  
Kyran M. Staunton ◽  
Michael Townsend ◽  
Christopher Paton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Resting Behaviour ◽  
Trap Height ◽  
Host Blood ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background The surveillance and control of mosquito-borne diseases is dependent upon understanding the bionomics and distribution of the vectors. Most studies of mosquito assemblages describe species abundance, richness and composition close to the ground defined often by only one sampling method. In this study, we assessed Australian mosquito species near the ground and in the sub-canopy using two traps baited with a variety of lures. Methods Mosquitoes were sampled using a 4 × 4 Latin square design at the Cattana Wetlands, Australia from February to April 2020, using passive box traps with octenol and carbon dioxide and three variations of a sticky net trap (unbaited, and baited with octenol or octenol and carbon dioxide). The traps were deployed at two different heights: ground level (≤ 1 m above the ground) and sub-canopy level (6 m above the ground). Results In total, 27 mosquito species were identified across the ground and sub-canopy levels from the different traps. The abundance of mosquitoes at the ground level was twofold greater than at the sub-canopy level. While the species richness at ground and sub-canopy levels was not significantly different, species abundance varied by the collection height. Conclusions The composition of mosquito population assemblages was correlated with the trap types and heights at which they were deployed. Coquillettidia species, which prefer feeding on birds, were mainly found in the sub-canopy whereas Anopheles farauti, Aedes vigilax and Mansonia uniformis, which have a preference for feeding on large mammals, were predominantly found near the ground. In addition to trap height, environmental factors and mosquito bionomic characteristics (e.g. larval habitat, resting behaviour and host blood preferences) may explain the vertical distribution of mosquitoes. This information is useful to better understand how vectors may acquire and transmit pathogens to hosts living at different heights. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Mammals of a forest fragment in Cambuci municipality, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermano Gomes Albuquerque ◽  
Paula Ferreira Martins ◽  
Flávia Soares Pessôa ◽  
Thiago Carvalho Modesto ◽  
Júlia Lins Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Species List ◽  
Current State ◽  
Socioeconomic Model

The Atlantic Forest is considered a hotspot due to its current state of vast degradation and high indexes of biodiversity. This biome has been degraded through the years by processes resulting from the Brazilian socioeconomic model of development. The seasonal semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest is a poorly studied phytophysiognomy specially degraded by human activities in the state of Rio de Janeiro. In the present study we report the results of a rapid mammalian inventory conducted in the municipality of Cambuci, in a fragment of seasonal semi-deciduous forest. We used live traps and pitfall traps to capture non-volant small mammals, and mist-nets of different lengths to collect bats. To sample medium and large-sized mammals we used camera traps. We recorded 27 mammal species in the region, of which 16 are volant mammals. We emphasize the distribution extension of Trinomys setosus in 150 km (that enabled its insertion in the species list of Rio de Janeiro) and the capture of Lonchophylla peracchii, a recently described species apparently restricted to Atlantic Forest. Both facts show the importance of the fragment for the region biodiversity.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis Between Sampling Methods for Immature Mosquitoes in an Atlantic Forest Fragment in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Daniele de Aguiar Maia ◽  
Amanda Queiroz Bastos ◽  
Paulo José Leite ◽  
Hélcio Reinaldo Gil-Santana ◽  
Júlia dos Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Female Mosquito ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Bamboo Traps ◽  
Mosquito Monitoring ◽  
Janeiro State

ABSTRACT In this study, traps were set out to improve mosquito monitoring, study their viability, and determine the most suitable traps for female mosquito species of epidemiological importance during oviposition. The effectiveness of 3 types of traps (bamboo traps, tire traps, and ovitraps) were compared at 2 sampling sites. A total of 24 traps were installed on the ground at elevations of 3 m, 6 m, and 9 m in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The samplings took place every 2 wk from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 1,854 mosquitoes belonging to 16 different species were identified, of which 2 species are involved in the transmission of arbovirus: Haemagogus leucocelaenus (Dyar and Shannon) and Aedes albopictus Skuse. Larval tire traps were the most effective at trapping females laying eggs, followed by ovitraps. The results were consistent with the usual habitats of certain species that were found in tire traps, which are artificial objects commonly found in human environments.

scholarly journals Diversity, community structure and conservation status of an Atlantic Forest fragment in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Costa Cysneiros ◽  
Joaquim de Oliveira Mendonça-Junior ◽  
Tatiana Dias Gaui ◽  
Denise Monte Braz
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Forest Remnant

The State of Rio de Janeiro still holds unknown portions of the Atlantic Forest, which represent gaps in the knowledge of this ecosystem. Paracambi and neighbor municipal districts comprise a vast stretch of virtually unknown forest that makes up part of the Serra do Mar biodiversity corridor. The following study describes the tree community structure in a stretch of the ombrophilous Atlantic Forest, in the Parque Natural Municipal do Curió (Curio MNP), Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, which serves as the basis to evaluate species diversity and conservation status. The altitudes in the area ranges from 100 to 690 m and the climate varies from mild subtropical to tropical hot and humid. Forty plots (10x10m) were randomly placed along the area, where all the stems equal to or greater than five centimeters (5 cm) diameter at breast high from ground level were measured. A total of 749 individuals, pertaining to 128 genera and 210 species were recorded, eight of which are listed as threatened of extinction in the Brazilian flora. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H′) was 4.7 nat.ind.-1 and the species with greater importance value was Pseudopiptadenia contorta (1.6460 m2; 18 individuals) while the most common species wereSenefeldera vertcilata (48) and Actinostemon verticilatus (47 individuals). Despite the sample area being a little smaller than that commonly adopted in tropical studies, data pointed to a richness hitherto not registered in any other study for the State of Rio de Janeiro, no matter the inclusion criteria used, and also confirmed by the two estimator indices used, which have revealed very similar results. The vertical forest structure, the values associated to the successional stage of the species and other aspects of community structure indicate that the Curio MNP encompasses forest stretches in advanced stages of ecological succession. Besides its key location for the connectivity of forest fragments in the region, the results emphasize the ecological importance of this forest remnant and the need for its conservation.

scholarly journals Amphibians and reptiles from the Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Brazil, one of the world’s largest urban forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Arnt Dorigo ◽  
Carla Costa Siqueira ◽  
Jane C. F. Oliveira ◽  
Luciana Ardenghi Fusinatto ◽  
Manuela Santos-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Janeiro State

Abstract: The Parque Nacional da Tijuca in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is considered to be one of the world’s largest urban forests, however no systematic inventory of its herpetofauna is available. In the present study, we surveyed the amphibians and reptiles of this park to assess its species composition (including secondary data) and obtain estimates of species richness and abundance. We conducted active searches (460 hours) between January 2013 and December 2015. We identified the taxa endemic to either the Atlantic Forest or Rio de Janeiro state, and verified the conservation status of each species in the international, Brazilian, and state red lists. We also estimated the species richness and sampling sufficiency by rarefaction curves and Bootstrap richness estimator, and analyzed the distribution of the species abundance in Whittaker plots. We recorded 3,288 individuals over 36 months, representing 24 species of amphibians and 25 reptiles. The cumulative species curves, rarefaction, and the richness estimated indicated that sampling effort was adequate. Species abundance adjusted to the log-series model in both amphibians and reptiles. The four most abundant amphibians represented 70% of the individuals recorded in this group, while the two most abundant reptiles represented 60% of the total individuals. The inclusion of the secondary data raised the number of amphibian species to 38, and the number of reptiles to 36. Approximately 80% of the amphibian species and 28% of the reptile species recorded are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, and six of the amphibian species are endemic to Rio de Janeiro state. Six amphibian species and one reptile species are classified under some threat of extinction, and two reptile species were exotic. The considerable diversity of the herpetofauna of the Parque Nacional da Tijuca, which includes endemic and threatened species, reflects the effectiveness of the reforestation of this protected area and emphasizes the importance of its conservation.

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