scholarly journals Serum chitinase-3-like 1 protein is a useful biomarker to assess disease activity in ANCA-associated vasculitis: an observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Soo Ahn ◽  
Taejun Yoon ◽  
Yong-Beom Park ◽  
Maria Prendecki ◽  
Gurjeet Bhangal ◽  
...  

Abstract Background To investigate whether serum chitinase-3-like 1 protein (YKL-40) is associated with disease activity in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Methods ELISA was performed in serum samples from AAV patients who were enrolled in our prospective observational cohort to estimate levels of YKL-40. Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) (version 3), five factor score (FFS), and short form-36 (SF-36), as well as clinical and laboratory data were collected. Kidney expression of YKL-40 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining using renal biopsy tissues from ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis patients (AAGN). Severe AAV and FFS were defined as BVAS ≥ 12 and FFS ≥ 2, and the correlations between laboratory variables, BVAS, FFS, and SF-36 score were assessed using linear regression analysis. The optimal cut-off of serum YKL-40 for severe AAV and high FFS was calculated using the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Results Of the included 60 patients, 32 (53.3%), 17 (28.3%), and 11 (18.3%) were classified as microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The median BVAS and FFS were 7.0 and 1.0, whereas the mean SF-36 physical and mental component scores were 50.5 and 58.3. Serum YKL-40 level was higher in patients with severe AAV and high FFS compared to those without (p = 0.007 and p < 0.001); multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that serum YKL-40 was independently associated with BVAS, FFS, and SF-36 scores. On kidney tissues obtained from AAGN patients, strong cytoplasmic staining of YKL-40 was found in cells present in inflammatory lesions. In addition, AAV patients had higher levels of serum YKL-40 compared to those with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and healthy control. The proportion of patients having severe AAV and high FFS was significantly higher in those with serum YKL-40 > 221.3 ng/mL and > 227.1 ng/mL than those without (relative risk 2.852 and 7.000). In 12 patients with serial YKL-40 testing, 11 patients (91.7%) exhibited a reduction in serum YKL-40 levels following a decrease in disease activity (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our findings suggest that serum YKL-40 may be a clinically useful biomarker to assess AAV disease activity. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 668.2-669
Author(s):  
S. Monti ◽  
P. Delvino ◽  
C. Klersy ◽  
G. Coppa ◽  
A. Milanesi ◽  
...  

Background:Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are currently poorly integrated in the clinical evaluation of disease activity in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV).Objectives:To assess the distribution of the Patient Global Assessment (PtGA) in patients with AAV in stable remission, and to identify correlates of PtGA; to assess the discordance between PtGA score and PhGA.Methods:Patients with a diagnosis of AAV [eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis] in stable, complete remission (defined by a BVAS=0) and with a Physician Global Assessment (PhGA)=0 were included. A questionnaire including several aspects of disease captured by PROs was collected. PtGA on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was assessed, with higher scores representing higher/worse levels of disease activity. Similarly, VAS for pain, chronic damage according to the patient’s opinion, general health (GH), fatigue, and sleep quality were collected. The worst symptom in the patient’s opinion affecting the overall assessment of disease activity was recorded. The Cragg Hurdle model was used to assess the predictors of PtGA.Results:65 patients were included, female 57%, mean age 61±12 years. Mean disease duration at enrollment was 8±6 years. Mean vasculitis damage index (VDI) was 4.4 ±2.3, with 45% of patients having a VDI ≥ 5. Despite having been classified as being in remission, PtGA was elevated in 37% of patients. We explored several correlates of PtGA. Higher degree of damage accrual (VDI) did not influence the patient’s evaluation of current disease activity. Similarly, we did not identify a correlation between older age, educational level, number of organ-systems involved, number of comorbidities, the number of previous major or minor relapses, higher disease duration, nor the type of AAV diagnosis (figure 1, panel A). Only sex significantly correlated with PtGA scores: 19 (51%) of female patients reported an elevated PtGA compared to only 5 (18%) of male (p=0.009). PtGA resulted to be significantly correlated with other (mostly modifiable) PROs including VAS pain, perception of the level of chronic damage accrual, GH, and fatigue (figure 1, panel B). The agreement between patients’ and physicians’ assessments of disease activity was 63%. Patients reported pain, followed by chronic respiratory symptoms to be the worst-experienced ongoing manifestations affecting their evaluation of disease activity.Conclusion:A significant proportion of patients with AAV considered to be in remission by the physician still declares to have persistent aspects of uncontrolled disease. PtGA is significantly influenced by persistent pain and fatigue, which warrant better assessment in the future.Disclosure of Interests:None declared


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1548-1548
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
L. MA ◽  
L. Jiang

Background:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) are a group of multisystem, autoimmune, inflammatory disease characterized by pauci- necrotizing vasculitis affecting small blood vessels. The clinical manifestations of the AAV are diverse and can be confined to one organ, or multiple organs and even life-threatening. However, there has been no specific index for assessing the activity of AAV at diagnosis.Objectives:The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and serological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in eastern China using data from a hospital-based study. And looking for indicators that can predict disease activity.Methods:We retrospectively studied patients with newly diagnosed AAV evaluated from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018. In total, 219 patients diagnosed were classified according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria and/or revised Chapel Hill 2012 definitions, and their clinical and serological features were evaluated. The association of laboratory data with disease activity was assessed via regression models.Results:Of 219 incident cases of AAV, 37/219 (16.9%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 172/219 (78.5%) were microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 10/219 (4.6%) had eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The mean age at diagnosis of patients with GPA were 51.5 years MPA were 61.7 years, and EGPA were 49.8 years, respectively. Patients with MPA were significantly older than GPA and EGPA at diagnosis (p<0.001). ANCAs tested positive in 207 (94.5%) of cases: 167 (80.7%) were MPO-ANCA and 40 (19.3%) were PR3-ANCA. Lung, skin, nervous system symptoms were the most common in EGPA. For GPA, ear–nose–throat (ENT) symptoms and lungs involvement were the most common. Renal and lung involvement occurs most frequently in MPA. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher anti-MPO antibody (149.4 IU/ml), higher hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 62.5 mg/L), lower hemoglobin (113.5g/L), and higher complement 4 (C4, >0.215 g/L) were proved to be independent risk factors for active disease. Further research showed that C4 had higher sensitivity (70.0%) and specificity (83.4%) than the other three indicators.Conclusion:MPO-ANCA-positive MPA is the most common form of AAV in Chinese patients. Serum C4 concentrations at diagnosis might be a useful biomarker of disease activity in AAV.References:[1]Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, Basu N, Cid MC, Ferrario F, et al. 2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides.Arthritis Rheum2013, 65:1-11.[2]Choi H, Kim Y, Jung SM, Song JJ, Park Y-B, Lee S-W. Low serum complement 3 level is associated with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis at diagnosis.Clinical and Experimental Nephrology2018, 23:223-230.[3]Leavitt RY, Fauci AS, Bloch DA, Michel BA, Hunder GG, Arend WP, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Wegener’s granulomatosis.Arthritis Rheum1990, 33:1101-1107.[4]Masi AT, Hunder GG, Lie JT, Michel BA, Bloch DA, Arend WP, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatosis and angiitis).Arthritis Rheum1990, 33:1094-1100.[5]Mukhtyar C, Lee R, Brown D, Carruthers D, Dasgupta B, Dubey S, et al. Modification and validation of the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (version 3).Ann Rheum Dis2009, 68:1827-1832.[6]Markiewski MM, Lambris JD. The role of complement in inflammatory diseases from behind the scenes into the spotlight.Am J Pathol2007, 171:715-727.Disclosure of Interests:None declared


2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1090
Author(s):  
Emily France ◽  
Vic Velanovich

Generic health-related quality-of-life (QoL) instruments are increasingly used to assess the outcomes of surgical interventions. However, it is unclear to what extent the patient's associated comorbidities have on the responsiveness of these instruments to measure changes caused by the operation. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative influence of comorbidities to surgical disease in how patients answered the items of the most frequently used generic instrument, the SF-36. Sixty-nine preoperative patients completed the SF-36, which contains 36 items covering eight domains and a health transition question. For each of the 36 items, patients were asked to rate the influence of their surgical disease and their comorbidities on how they answered the items from 1 to 10. The surgical disease, comorbidities, and medications were recorded. Data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test and linear regression analysis. Of the 36 items of the SF-36, patients reported that their surgical disease influences nine items greater than their comorbidities (P < 0.05). Using linear regression analysis, the number of comorbidities did not effect the influence of the surgical disease in any item; however, this number had a direct relationship (P < 0.05) with the influence of comorbidities on how the patient answered the item. However, the magnitude of the influence was low. There was an inverse (negative slope, P < 0.05) relationship between the number of comorbidities and the score of six of eight domains. Although the surgical disease has more of an influence on how patients answered the items of the SF-36, as the number of comorbidities increased, these seem to have more influence. Therefore, the SF-36 would be a good choice for assessing QoL in most surgical disease. However, as the overall magnitude of this influence was low, this may be a cause of the lack of responsiveness of generic QoL instruments in measuring the effect of operations on QoL. Importantly, as the number of comorbidities increased, the scores of the SF-36 decreased, implying that the effect of the surgical disease would be greater in patients with fewer comorbidities.


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Raikin ◽  
Kristin Sandrowski ◽  
Justin M. Kane ◽  
David Beck ◽  
Brian S. Winters

Background: Ankle arthritis is a debilitating condition that causes severe functional impairment. While arthrodesis has been the gold standard of surgical treatment for this condition, significant improvements in total ankle arthroplasty have made it a viable alternative. The purpose of this study was to look at the midterm follow-up of the Agility total ankle. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted on 127 consecutive Agility total ankles implanted between 2002 and 2009. Charts were reviewed to collect patient demographics. In addition, coronal alignment, overall arc of motion, tibiotalar component motion, syndesmotic fusion, zones of osteolysis, and subsidence were determined. A Kaplan-Meier survival and linear regression analysis were used to predict implant failure. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess whether radiographic measures were predictive of patient satisfaction. Results: Ninety (78.2%) of 115 patients retained their primary implant, of which 105 were available for evaluation, with an average follow-up of 9.1 years. Twenty-five had their implant removed. The average score for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) activities of daily living subscale was 82.4, FAAM sport subscale 55.3, postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for pain 12.7, and Short Form-12 (SF-12) Health Survey physical component 45.8 and SF-12 mental component 56.1. Average arc of motion across the implant was 22.3 and 6.3 degrees in adjacent joints. Osteolysis most commonly occurred in zones 1 and 6. No statistical differences were found in the rate or location of subsidence. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that age at the time of surgery was predictive of failure ( P = .036). Inflammatory and atraumatic arthritis demonstrated higher likelihoods of revision. No correlation was detected between radiographic parameters and outcomes scores ( P > .05; rho >0.2). A significant reduction in mean VAS pain scores by 67.6% was maintained at an average of 8 years. Discussion: Our results were improved over the nondesigner outcomes published in the current literature. Survivorship approached 80% at 9 years, with Kaplan-Meier 14-year survival calculated at 70.4%. Patients with their original implant were functioning with a high level of satisfaction based on statistically validated outcome scores, which was independent of the radiographic appearance of their implant. Age at the time of surgery and inflammatory/atraumatic arthritis were predictive of failure. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1480-1486
Author(s):  
Ryan G. Rogero ◽  
Daniel J. Fuchs ◽  
Daniel Corr ◽  
Rachel J. Shakked ◽  
Steven M. Raikin

Background: The open anterior approach to ankle arthrodesis offers a technique that provides several advantages for surgeons, such as easier visualization of the joint for deformity correction and preservation of the malleoli for potential future conversion to total ankle arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes in a large series of patients undergoing open ankle arthrodesis via a fibular-sparing anterior approach. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients undergoing primary ankle arthrodesis with a single fellowship-trained foot and ankle orthopedic surgeon between 2009 and 2017. Patients were excluded if an approach other than anterior was performed. Patient-reported outcome measures (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure–Activities of Daily Living [FAAM-ADL], Short-Form 12 [SF-12], and visual analog scale [VAS] pain) were subsequently collected at a minimum of 24 months (2 years) following index surgery, along with outcome satisfaction and likelihood to repeat surgery. Fusion of the tibiotalar joint at the time of last radiographic follow-up was also assessed. Paired t tests were performed to assess change in pre- to postoperative outcomes, while linear regression analysis was performed to identify any patient factors associated with outcomes. Eighty-one patients, including 31 women and 50 men, with a mean age of 51.5 years and a mean follow-up of 58.9 (range, 24-104) months, were included. Results: Sixty-two patients reported significant improvement in mean FAAM-ADL ( P < .0001), SF-12 Physical Composite Scale ( P < .0001), and VAS pain ( P < .0001), while the SF-12 Mental Composite Scale also improved, though not significantly ( P = .2854). Twelve patients (14.8%) experienced complications following their arthrodesis procedure. Seventy-nine patients (97.5%) achieved fusion at their last radiographic follow-up. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed age ( B = 0.071 [0.004, 0.128]; P = .0373) to have a positive association with postoperative VAS pain. Conclusion: Ankle arthrodesis utilizing a fibular-sparing anterior approach combined with the transarticular screw fixation technique offers surgeons several advantages, along with a low postoperative complication rate, high rate of radiographic evidence of joint fusion, and substantially large improvement in pain and functional levels. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Liu ◽  
Lili Ma ◽  
Zongfei Ji ◽  
Rongyi Chen ◽  
Xiufang Kong ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and serological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in eastern China using data from a hospital-based study. And looking for indicators that can predict disease activity. Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with newly diagnosed AAV evaluated from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018 . In total, 219 patients diagnosed were classified according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria and/or revised Chapel Hill 2012 definitions, and their clinical and serological features were evaluated. The association of laboratory data with disease activity was assessed via regression models. Results: Of 219 incident cases of AAV, 37/219 (16.9%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 172/219 (78.5%) were microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 10/219 (4.6%) had eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The mean age at diagnosis of patients with GPA were 51.5 years (male/female, 18/19), MPA were 61. 7 years (male/female, 84/88), and EGPA were 49.8 years ( male/female, 7/3), respectively. Patients with MPA were significantly older than GPA and EGPA at diagnosis ( p <0.001). ANCAs tested positive in 207 (94.5%) of cases: 167 (80.7%) were MPO-ANCA and 40 (19.3%) were PR3-ANCA. Lung, skin, nervous system symptoms were the most common in EGPA. For GPA, ear–nose–throat (ENT) symptoms and lungs involvement were the most common. Renal and lung involvement occurs most frequently in MPA. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher anti-MPO antibody ( 149.4 IU/ml), higher hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 62.5 mg/L), lower hemoglobin ( 113.5g/L), and higher complement 4 (C4, >0.215 g/L) were proved to be independent risk factors for active disease. Further research showed that C4 had higher sensitivity (70.0%) and specificity (83.4%) than the other three indicators. Conclusion: MPO-ANCA-positive MPA is the most common form of AAV in Chinese patients. Serum C4 concentrations at diagnosis might be a useful biomarker of disease activity in AAV.


Author(s):  
Muhammad Rois Rois ◽  
Manarotul Fatati Fatati ◽  
Winda Ihda Magfiroh

This study aims to determine the effect of Inflation, Exchange Rate and Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) to Return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia Stock Fund period 2014-2017. The study used secondary data obtained through documentation in the form of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia Monthly Net Asset (NAB) report. Data analysis is used with quantitative analysis, multiple linear regression analysis using eviews 9. Population and sample in this research are PT Nikko Securities Indonesia. The result of multiple linear regression analysis was the coefficient of determination (R2) showed the result of 0.123819 or 12%. This means that the Inflation, Exchange Rate and Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) variables can influence the return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia's equity fund of 12% and 88% is influenced by other variables. Based on the result of the research, the variables of inflation and exchange rate have a negative and significant effect toward the return of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia's equity fund. While the variable of Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) has a negative but not significant effect toward Return of Equity Fund of PT Nikko Securities Indonesia


Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanti Budiasih

The objectives of this study are to analyze changes in organizational structure, job design, organizational culture and its influence on employee productivity at PT. XX in Jakarta and to identify variables that have a dominant influence on the productivity of employees. The research method used is using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the all variables simultaneously and partially change the organizational structure, job design, and organizational culture has a significant impact on employee productivity at PT. XXin Jakarta.


10.32698/0642 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Wiwi Delfita ◽  
Neviyarni S. ◽  
Riska Ahmad

Some students perceive lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) positively, even though LGBT is a sexual deviation that is not appropriate with values and norms. There are several factors that influence an individual's perception of LGBT, including sexual identity. This study aims at looking at the contribution of sexual identity to student perceptions about LGBT. This research used a quantitative approach with a descriptive method and a simple linear regression analysis. The sample of this research was 385 taken from 15.752 undergraduate students of Universitas Negeri Padang which the sample was drawn by using the Slovin formula and continued with a Proportional Random Sampling technique. The instrument used was the Guttman model's sexual identity scale and the scale of students' perceptions of the LGBT Likert model. After analyzing the data with the descriptive technique and the simple linear regression analysis, the results showed that sexual identity significantly contributed to the students' perceptions of LGBT. This research has implications as a basis for counselors to help students avoid sexual identity mismatches and prevent the emergence of positive perceptions of LGBT.


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