scholarly journals Childhood growth and development and DNA methylation age in mid-life

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Maddock ◽  
Juan Castillo-Fernandez ◽  
Andrew Wong ◽  
George B. Ploubidis ◽  
Diana Kuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Age At Menarche

Abstract Background In the first study of its kind, we examine the association between growth and development in early life and DNAm age biomarkers in mid-life. Methods Participants were from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (n = 1376). Four DNAm age acceleration (AgeAccel) biomarkers were measured when participants were aged 53 years: AgeAccelHannum; AgeAccelHorvath; AgeAccelLevine; and AgeAccelGrim. Exposure variables included: relative weight gain (standardised residuals from models of current weight z-score on current height, and previous weight and height z-scores); and linear growth (standardised residuals from models of current height z-score on previous height and weight z-scores) during infancy (0–2 years, weight gain only), early childhood (2–4 years), middle childhood (4–7 years) and late childhood to adolescence (7–15 years); age at menarche; and pubertal stage for men at 14–15 years. The relationship between relative weight gain and linear growth and AgeAccel was investigated using conditional growth models. We replicated analyses from the late childhood to adolescence period and pubertal timing among 240 participants from The National Child and Development Study (NCDS). Results A 1SD increase in relative weight gain in late childhood to adolescence was associated with 0.50 years (95% CI 0.20, 0.79) higher AgeAccelGrim. Although the CI includes the null, the estimate was similar in NCDS [0.57 years (95% CI − 0.01, 1.16)] There was no strong evidence that relative weight gain and linear growth in childhood was associated with any other AgeAccel biomarker. There was no relationship between pubertal timing in men and AgeAccel biomarkers. Women who reached menarche ≥ 12 years had 1.20 years (95% CI 0.15, 2.24) higher AgeAccelGrim on average than women who reached menarche < 12 years; however, this was not replicated in NCDS and was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions Our findings generally do not support an association between growth and AgeAccel biomarkers in mid-life. However, we found rapid weight gain during pubertal development, previously related to higher cardiovascular disease risk, to be associated with older AgeAccelGrim. Given this is an exploratory study, this finding requires replication.

scholarly journals Childhood growth and development and DNA methylation age in mid-life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Maddock ◽  
Juan Castillo-Fernandez ◽  
Andrew Wong ◽  
George B Ploubidis ◽  
Diana Kuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Z Scores

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn the first study of its kind, we examine the association between growth and development in early life and DNAm age biomarkers in mid-life.MethodsParticipants were from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development(n=1,376). Four DNAm age acceleration(AgeAccel) biomarkers were measured when participants were aged 53y:AgeAccelHannum, AgeAccelHorvath, AgeAccelLevine and AgeAccelGrim. Exposure variables included relative weight gain (standardised residuals from models of current weight z-score on current height, and previous weight and height z-scores) and linear growth (standardised residuals from models of current height z-score on previous height and weight z-scores) during infancy (0-2y, weight gain only), early childhood(2-4y), middle childhood(4-7y) and late childhood to adolescence(7- 15y), age at menarche and pubertal stage for men at 14-15y. The relationship between relative weight gain and linear growth and AgeAccel was investigated using conditional growth models. We replicated analyses from the late childhood to adolescence period and pubertal timing among 240 participants from The National Child and Development Study(NCDS).ResultsA 1 SD increase in relative weight gain in late childhood to adolescence was associated with 0.50y(95% CI:0.20,0.79) higher AgeAccelGrim. This was replicated in NCDS (0.57y(95%CI:-0.01, 1.16). A I SD increase in linear growth during early childhood was associated with lower AgeAccelLevine(−0.39y [95% CI:-0.74,-0.04) however we did not have the data to replicate this finding in NCDS. There was no strong evidence that relative weight gain and linear growth in childhood was associated with any other AgeAccel biomarker. There was no relationship between pubertal timing in men and AgeAccel biomarkers. Women who reached menarche ≥12y had 1.20y(95% CI:0.15,2.24) higher AgeAccelGrim on average than women who reached menarche <12y; however this was not replicated in NCDS.ConclusionsOur findings generally do not support an association between growth and AgeAccel biomarkers in mid-life. However, rapid weight gain during pubertal development, which we found to be related to older AgeAccelGrim and had previously been related to higher cardiovascular disease risk, warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Age at menarche in urban school-going girls: association between socio-economic status, BMI and physical activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 666
Author(s):  
Amrita Behel ◽  
Leena Raje
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Background: Menarche, one of the most reliable markers of pubertal maturity, is a result of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Since accelerated pubertal development is an important determinant of prognostic disease risk, especially in developing countries, attention must be focused on this important public health aspect.  Methods: Total 200 school-going girls aged between 10-15 years studying in municipal, public-funded and private schools in Mumbai were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria of having attained menarche only in the last three months. Sociodemographic and anthropometric details were collected using a structured schedule and physical activity data was collected using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents.Results: Socioeconomic status and family size were found to significantly influence the age of onset of menarche (p<0.001). Anthropometric indices of height, weight and BMI were found to have significant negative correlations indicating that taller, heavier girls reached menarche earlier than their shorter and lighter peers (p<0.000). Level of physical activity was also found to be an important contributing factor to age at menarche such that a higher level of physical activity was observed in girls with higher mean menarcheal age (p<0.000).  Conclusions: Age at menarche was found to be influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, BMI and physical activity.   

Early growth and changes in blood pressure during adult life

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sandboge ◽  
C. Osmond ◽  
E. Kajantie ◽  
J. G Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Childhood Growth

Previous studies suggest that the inverse association between birth weight and adult blood pressure amplifies with age. Rapid childhood growth has also been linked to hypertension. The objective of this study was to determine whether the association between childhood growth and adult blood pressure amplifies with age. The study comprised 574 women and 462 men from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study who attended a clinical study in 2001–2004 and a follow-up in 2006–2008. Mean age at the clinic visits was 61.5 and 66.4 years, respectively. Blood pressure was measured at both occasions. Conditional growth models were used to assess relative weight gain and linear growth. We studied the associations between conditional growth and blood pressure as well as the presence of hypertension. Relative weight gain and linear growth between ages 2 and 11 years were inversely associated with systolic blood pressure at mean age 66.4 years, after adjustment for sex, blood pressure at mean age 61.5 years, as well as other covariates. A one s.d. increase in linear growth between 2 and 11 years was associated with an OR of 0.61 for hypertension at mean age 66.4 years. Contrary to previous studies, we have shown an inverse association between childhood growth and adult blood pressure. There were, however, no associations between childhood growth and systolic blood pressure at mean age 61.5 years indicating that the beneficial effects of a more rapid than expected childhood growth might become more apparent with increasing age.

scholarly journals Associations of infant feeding and timing of linear growth and relative weight gain during early life with childhood body composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M de Beer ◽  
T G M Vrijkotte ◽  
C H D Fall ◽  
M van Eijsden ◽  
C Osmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Relative Weight

scholarly journals Associations of Linear Growth and Relative Weight Gain in Early Life with Human Capital at 30 Years of Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 85-91.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Lessa Horta ◽  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Christian Loret de Mola ◽  
Luciana Quevedo ◽  
Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Relative Weight

scholarly journals The associations between adult body composition and abdominal adiposity outcomes, and relative weight gain and linear growth from birth to age 22 in the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort, South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e0190483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Prioreschi ◽  
Richard J. Munthali ◽  
Juliana Kagura ◽  
Rihlat Said-Mohamed ◽  
Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Adult Body

scholarly journals Maternal investment, life-history trajectory of the off-spring and cardiovascular disease risk in Emirati females in the United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rola Al Ghali ◽  
Linda Smail ◽  
Maryam Muqbel ◽  
Dalia Haroun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Life History ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Maternal Investment ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Menarcheal Age

Abstract Background Variations in cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) are suggested to be partly influenced by factors that affect prenatal growth patterns and outcomes, namely degree of maternal investment (proxied by birth weight and gestational age). Using the life history trajectory model, this study investigates whether maternal investment in early prenatal life associates with menarcheal age and whether maternal investment affects CVD risk in adulthood and predicts adult size and adiposity levels. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 94 healthy Emirati females. Birth weight, gestational age and menarcheal age were obtained. Anthropometrical measurements, body composition analysis, and blood pressure values were collected. Regression analyses were conducted to establish associations. Results There was no association between birth weight standard deviation score (SDS) and age at menarche. When investigating the associations of birth weight SDS and age at menarche with growth indices, it was found that only birth weight was positively and significantly associated with both height (β = 1.342 cm, 95% CI (0.12, 2.57), p = 0.032) and leg length (β = 0.968 cm, 95% CI (0.08, 1.86), p = 0.034). Menarcheal age was significantly and inversely associated with fat mass index (FMI) (β = − 0.080 cm, 95% CI (− 0.13, − 0.03), p = 0.002), but not with waist circumference and fat free mass index (FFMI) (p > 0.05). Birth weight SDS was positively and significantly associated with waist circumference (β = 0.035 cm, 95% CI (0.01, 0.06), p = 0.009), FMI (β = 0.087 cm, 95% CI (0.01, 0.16), p = 0.027), and FFMI (β = 0.485 cm, 95% CI (0.17, 0.80), p = 0.003). Birth weight SDS was not significantly associated with either systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p > 0.05). However, FMI, waist circumference, and FFMI were positively and significantly associated with SBP. Regarding DBP, the relationship was negatively and significantly associated with only FFMI (β = − 1.6111 kg/m2, 95% CI (− 2.63, − 0.60), p = 0.002). Conclusion Although the results do not fully support that Emirati females fast-life history is associated with increased chronic disease risk, the data does suggest a link between restricted fetal growth in response to low maternal investment and metabolic and reproductive health.

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