scholarly journals Translocation of residual ethoprophos and tricyclazole from soil to spinach

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Yuan ◽  
Junghak Lee ◽  
Heeju Han ◽  
Boeun Ju ◽  
Eunyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Safe Management ◽  
Residual Amount

AbstractThe dissipation of ethoprophos and tricyclazole in soil and their translocation tendency to spinach were investigated. Prior to field trials, the analytical method for the determination of these pesticide residues was optimized and validated on soil and spinach. The field trial was conducted under greenhouse conditions for two different pretreatment periods with the pesticides. After treating with pesticides 30 (PBI-30) and 60 days (PBI-60) before seeding, soil samples were collected on different days for the dissipation study of soil. Spinach samples were harvested from the soil, and 50% and 100% mature spinach samples were collected. The initial amounts of ethoprophos residue in the PBI-60 and PBI-30 soils were 0.21 and 2.74 mg/kg, respectively, and these both decreased to less than 0.01 mg/kg on the day of spinach harvest. Similar initial residues of tricyclazole were observed in the PBI-60 (0.87 mg/kg) and PBI-30 soils (0.84 mg/kg), and these decreased to 0.44 and 0.34 mg/kg, respectively. The half-lives of ethoprophos in the soils were calculated as 7.6 and 4.8 days, respectively, while relatively long half-lives of 36.5 and 77.0 days were calculated for tricyclazole. According to the pesticide residue amounts in the spinach, the translocation rate from the soil to the spinach was determined. In the case of ethoprophos, the residual amount was already rapidly degraded in the soil, and the translocation rate could not be confirmed. On the other hand, for tricyclazole, it was confirmed that 1.19 to 1.61% of the residual amount in soil was transferred to spinach. According to these results, safe management guidelines for tricyclazole in soil were suggested considering the maximum residue limit on spinach.

Determination of the Herbicide Tordon (4-Amino-3,5,6- trichloropicolinic Acid) in Soil by Electron Capture Gas Chromatography

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-641
Author(s):  
J G Saha ◽  
L A Gadallah
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Minimum Amount

Abstract A method is presented for determining the herbicide tordon (4-amino-3,5,6-trichIoropicolinic acid) in soil. It involves extraction of tordon as the free acid with acetone and phosphoric acid, followed by esterification with diazomethane and estimation of the methyl ester by electron capture gas chromatography. Recoveries of tordon added to soil samples at 0.05—1.0 ppm were between 83 and 92%. The minimum amount detectable by this method was 0.01 ppm. The difficulties of developing an analytical method for this compound are discussed in the light of its structure and solubility

scholarly journals Determination of uranium concentration and burn-up of irradiated reactor fuel in contaminated areas in Belarus using uranium isotopic ratios in soil samples

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Mironov ◽  
J. L. Matusevich ◽  
V. P. Kudrjashov ◽  
P. I. Ananich ◽  
V. V. Zhuravkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Reactor Fuel ◽  
Isotopic Ratios

SummaryAn analytical method is described for the estimation of uranium concentrations, of

scholarly journals Comparison of different methods for the determination of total organic carbon and humic substances in Brazilian soils

Revista CERES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Bragança Alves Fernandes ◽  
Ildeu Afonso de Carvalho Junior ◽  
Emerson Silva Ribeiro Junior ◽  
Eduardo de Sá Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Reference Method ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
External Heating ◽  
Humin Fraction ◽  
Humic Fractions ◽  
Dry Combustion

ABSTRACTAiming to compare three different methods for the determination of organic carbon (OC) in the soil and fractions of humic substances, seventeen Brazilian soil samples of different classes and textures were evaluated. Amounts of OC in the soil samples and the humic fractions were measured by the dichromate-oxidation method, with and without external heating in a digestion block at 130 °C for 30 min; by the loss-on-ignition method at 450 °C during 5 h and at 600 °C during 6 h; and by the dry combustion method. Dry combustion was used as reference in order to measure the efficiency of the other methods. Soil OC measured by the dichromate-oxidation method with external heating had the highest efficiency and the best results comparing to the reference method. When external heating was not used, the mean recovery efficiency dropped to 71%. The amount of OC was overestimated by the loss-on-ignition methods. Regression equations obtained between total OC contents of the reference method and those of the other methods showed relatively good adjustment, but all intercepts were different from zero (p < 0.01), which suggests that more accuracy can be obtained using not one single correction factor, but considering also the intercept. The Walkley-Black method underestimated the OC contents of the humic fractions, which was associated with the partial oxidation of the humin fraction. Better results were obtained when external heating was used. For the organic matter fractions, the OC in the humic and fulvic acid fractions can be determined without external heating if the reference method is not available, but the humin fraction requires the external heating.

Early seedling growth and forage production of diploid and tetraploid crested wheatgrass and Russian wildrye cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G Jefferson ◽  
Bruce Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Russian Wildrye

Cultivars selected for improved seedling vigour may also differ in seedling growth and subsequent forage production. The objective of this project was to compare three cultivars of crested wheatgrass (CWG) and four cultivars of Russian wildrye (RWR) for seedling growth in a greenhouse (GH) trial and two field trials when seeded at 15, 30 and 45 mm depths. Cultivars were Goliath, Kirk and Parkway CWG and SCR39903, Swift, Tetracan, and Tom RWR. Seedling emergence, tiller number, and seedling biomass were determined at 28 d after seeding (DAS) in all three trials. In addition, forage dry matter (DM) yield was determined for 2 yr in the field trials. Small-seeded diploid Parkway crested wheatgrass had reduced emergence at 45 mm seeding depth compared with larger-seeded tetraploid Kirk and Goliath. Goliath had reduced tillering compared with the other two CWG cultivars. The emergence of Tetracan tetraploid RWR was greater at deeper seeding depth than diploid cultivars, SCR39902, Swift and Tom in Field Trial 2, but not in Field Trial 1 and the GH trial. Seedling tiller number of Tetracan RWR was less than that of the other three cultivars. Two-year total CWG forage DM yield in the field was best correlated to emergence. In contrast, 2-yr total RWR forage DM was best correlated to seedling tiller number in GH and Field Trial 2 despite the low tiller numbers at 28 d after seeding. Field emergence of Russian wildrye did not appear to be limiting to seedling establishment in contrast to previous reports. Selection in RWR should include seedling tiller number in combination with seedling emergence in order to improve both seedling vigour and forage productivity. Key words: Establishment, tiller, emergence, forage yields, seedling depth

scholarly journals A study of the construction of the correlation matrix of 241Pu(nth,f) isobaric fission yields

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Julien-Laferrière ◽  
Abdelaziz Chebboubi ◽  
Grégoire Kessedjian ◽  
Olivier Serot
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Scheme ◽  
Fission Yields

Two blind analyses for 241Pu(nth,f) isobaric fission yields have been conducted, one analysis using a mix of a Monte-Carlo and an analytical method, the other one relying only on analytical calculations. The calculations have been derived from the same analysis path and experimental data, obtained on the LOHENGRIN mass spectrometer at the Institut Laue-Langevin. The comparison between the two analyses put into lights several biases and limits of each analysis and gives a comprehensive vision on the construction of the correlation matrix. It gives confidence in the analysis scheme used for the determination of the fission yields and their correlation matrix.

A rapid method for accurate determination of 241Am by sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and its application to Sellafield site soil samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2034-2040
Author(s):  
Z. T. Wang ◽  
J. Zheng ◽  
T. Imanaka ◽  
S. Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A rapid sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry based 241Am analytical method for nuclear emergency response.

Sensitive Methodology for Simultaneous Determination of Residues of Imidacloprid and its Metabolites in Sugarcane Leaves and Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Sharma ◽  
Kousik Mandal ◽  
Balwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hplc Grade Acetonitrile ◽  
Concentration Levels

Abstract An analytical method to quantify imidacloprid and its metabolites in sugarcane leaves and soil using HPLC has been developed. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile + water (80 + 20, v/v), soil samples partitioned with dichloromethane, and leaf samples with hexane + ethyl acetate (9 + 1, v/v) and dichloromethane. Further, the extracts were dried, filtered, and concentrated under vacuum into HPLC-grade acetonitrile. Residues were estimated using an HPLC equipped with a photodiode array detector system, C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile + water (40 + 60, v/v) at 0.3 mL/min to separate imidacloprid and its six metabolites in single run of 20 min. The mean percent recoveries of imidacloprid and its metabolites ranged from 80.45 to 99.80 from sugarcane leaves and 80.20 to 99.70 from sugarcane soils. The analytical method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, reproducibility, repeatability, and accuracy. The repeatability values ranged from 0.24 to 3.15% and 1.69 to 4.94%, along with 2.73 to 3.82% and 1.12 to 4.96%, for imidacloprid and its metabolites in leaves and soil, respectively. The reproducibility of imidacloprid and its metabolites in leaves and soil ranged from 2.20 to 4.27% and 2.53 to 4.08%, respectively, and all measurements were within 15% at all concentration levels.

scholarly journals Determination of pre-harvest interval for dimethoate and quinalphos in selected vegetables

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Md Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afroza Begum ◽  
Debasish Sarker
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Maximum Residue Limit ◽  
Hyacinth Bean

The study was undertaken to determine the pre-harvest interval (PHI) for dimethoate and quinalphos in cauliflower, eggplant and hyacinth bean depending on Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) set by European Union. Six supervised field trials were conducted and sprayed with the recommended dose (2 ml/L of water) of each pesticide. Samples were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 days after spray (DAS). The collected samples were analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) with Flame Thermionized Detector (FTD) for the determination of pesticide residue. The quantities of residue were above MRL up to 9 DAS for quinalphos in cauliflower, 7 DAS in hyacinth bean, 8 DAS in eggplant; 11 DAS for dimethoate in cauliflower, 10 DAS in hyacinth bean, and 9 DAS in eggplant. At 11 DAS, no residue was detected from any of the tested samples except dimethoate in cauliflower. The determined PHI for quinalphos was 10 DAS in cauliflower, 8 DAS in hyacinth bean and 9 DAS in eggplant. In case of dimethoate it was 12 DAS in cauliflower, 11 DAS in hyacinth bean and 10 DAS in eggplant. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (1), 42-47

scholarly journals Determination of Phosphorus in Soil by ICP-OES Using an Improved Standard Addition Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yang ◽  
Jingwen Bai ◽  
Meiyu Liu ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Shoutong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Effect ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Addition Method ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Addition Method ◽  
Significant Difference

In this study, an improved standard addition method (ISAM) was developed for the determination of phosphorus in soil by ICP-OES based on the conventional standard addition method (CSAM) and calibration curve method (CCM). Certified standard soils were analyzed by the proposed ISAM method. The values obtained by ISAM method agreed with the certified values. Additionally, the results obtained by ISAM method were compared with those determined by the other two methods (CSAM and CCM). All the values obtained by the ISAM agreed with those from the other two methods. The detection limit, quantification limit, and recovery rate of each method were calculated, and the recovery rates of soil samples and the blank were all within the range of 90%–110%. Finally, the proposed method was applied to determine phosphorous in soil samples from Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, China, and the meadow soil from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. The relative errors between the results from ISAM and CCM were all within 10%, and t-test showed that the results between ISAM and CCM had no significant difference (P>0.05). Therefore, the proposed method overcame the matrix effect in some extent and was an acceptable method for the rapid and accurate batch analysis of P content in soil sample, especially batch samples with obvious matrix effect.

scholarly journals Determination of residue of diazinon and carbosulfan in brinjal and quinalphos in yard long bean under supervised field trial

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH Kabir ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
MDH Prodhan ◽  
MW Akon
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Residue Level ◽  
Maximum Residue Level

The present study was undertaken to detect and quantify the left over residue of Diazinon and Carbosulfan in brinjal and Quinalphos in yard long bean and comparison between the detected residue level with maximum residue level (MRL) set by FAO (1970). Three supervised field trials (two for brinjal and one for yard long bean) were carried out sprayed with the field dose (1.5 ml/L of water) of Diazinon, Carbosulfan, and Quinaiphos. Samples were collected daily after spraying till residue were found. In case of Diazinon, left over residue was found upto 6 days after spray (DAS), and upto 3 DAS, the level of residue was above the MRL. Carbosulfan residue was detected till 7 DAS and the detected quantity of residue was above MRL upto 3 DAS. Left over residue of Quinalphos in yard long bean sample was detected upto 6 DAS and upto 4 DAS the level of residue was above the MRL. Key Words: Residue, Diazinon, Carbosulfan, Quinalphos. brinjal, yard long bean. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1609 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 503-513, September 2008

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