scholarly journals Predictors of cannabis and tobacco co-use in youth: exploring the mediating role of age at first use in the population assessment of tobacco health (PATH) study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Lederhos Smith ◽  
Brittany Rhoades Cooper ◽  
Andre Miguel ◽  
Laura Hill ◽  
John Roll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Population Assessment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Psychosocial Difficulties ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background Adolescents often use substances such as tobacco and cannabis. Co-use of these substances can lead to physical, mental, and psychosocial difficulties beyond that which would be anticipated by simple additivity of their individual effects. Methods We aimed to examine the mediating role of age at first use of cannabis or tobacco (AU) between youth factors of internalizing, externalizing, and sensation seeking and two co-use outcomes (lifetime; last 30 days). Path analytic modeling using data from youth age 12–17 who had tried cannabis or tobacco at least once in their lives and participated in the Population Assessment of Tobacco Health (PATH) waves one and two (collected 2013–2015; n=3,847; approximately 46% female) study allowed us to examine these relationships. Results The lifetime use model indicated significant direct (internalizing (B = 0.18), externalizing (B = 0.30), sensation seeking (B = 0.15)) and indirect relationships (internalizing (B = 0.18), externalizing (B = 0.33), sensation seeking (B = 0.10)) between each of the three youth factors, the mediator (AU) and the lifetime co-use outcome (p < 0.05 for all). A direct relationship between AU and lifetime co-use was also observed (B = − 1.54). In the past 30-day use model, significant direct paths from AU (B = − 0.49) and sensation seeking (B = 0.06) to past 30-day use were present (p < 0.05 for all). Discussion Examination of mediation by AU in the relationships between youth factors and youth co-use of cannabis and tobacco is an important step in understanding these complex relationships. This study is strengthened by the use of a large, nationally representative sample, yet is limited by several factors, such as the use of a secondary dataset and the use of youth self-report. Conclusions Based on the findings, programs or interventions targeting youth factors of internalizing, externalizing, and sensation seeking as well as interventions aiming to stave off AU should promote decreased tobacco and cannabis co-use. Sensation seeking and AU appear to be the most influential factors and should be considered when developing and promoting prevention policies/programs for higher risk youth populations.

Examining the Role of Power-Control Theory and Self-Control to Account for Computer Hacking

2020 ◽  
pp. 001112872098189
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Kevin F. Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Criminological Theory ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Computer Hacking ◽  
Using Data

Criminological inquiry consistently identifies a gender difference in offending rates, which are also evident among certain forms of cybercrime. The gender difference in cybercrime offending is particularly large within computer hacking, though few have specifically addressed this issue through applications of criminological theory. The current study attempted to account for the gender disparity in hacking through a test of power-control theory, which considers the role of class and family structure. This analysis also incorporated an extension of power-control theory through the influence of low self-control. Using data from the Second International Self-Report of Delinquency study (ISRD-2), logistic regression analyses were estimated, producing partial support for both theories to account for hacking. Implications for theory and research were explored in detail.

scholarly journals Impact of Anger on Suicidal Ideation: Mediating Role of Perceived Emotional Distress in Late Adolescents and Emerging Adults with Psychological Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-312
Author(s):  
Soulat Khan ◽  
Tahira Mubashar ◽  
Tanvir Akhtar ◽  
Tayyab Ali Butt
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Mediating Role

The present study addresses impact of anger on suicidal ideation with the mediating role of perceived emotional distress in 40 late adolescents and emerging adults (Girls = 24, Boys = 16) with psychological problems. Participants’ aged between 18 to 25 years (M = 21.65, SD = 1.84). The sample was recruited from counseling centers of two public sector universities. Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory (Osman, Gotierrez, Kropper, Barrios, Chiros, 1998), Perceived Emotional Distress inventory (Moscoso, 2011) and Anger Self-Report (Burney, 2001) were used to assess study variables. Findings indicated that anger and emotional distress had significant positive relationship with suicidal ideation and significant negative relationship with protective thoughts and ideation. Mediation Analysis through Process Macro revealed that perceived emotional distress significantly mediates the relationship between anger and suicidal ideations. No gender differences were found between study variables. The study outcomes highlighted that future strategies for prevention of suicidal ideation must focus on managing emotional distress and anger.

scholarly journals Protege Locus of Control and Psychosocial Mentoring: Mediating Role of Mentoring Initiation and Moderating Role of Trust

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Muhammad Baig ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
External Work ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Work Locus Of Control ◽  
Psychosocial Mentoring ◽  
Moderating Role

This study examined proteges work-locus of control, mediating role of mentoring initiation and moderating role of trust in mentor for successful psychosocial mentoring relationships at work. Data were collected using a self report questionnaire from a sample of 79 employees of a large commercial bank in Pakistan. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that proteges external work-locus of control was negatively associated with psychosocial mentoring. However proteges mentoring initiation and trust on mentor did not play mediating and moderating role respectively in this relationship. The study discusses implications for theory and practice.

Boredom Proneness and Aggression Among People With Substance Use Disorder: The Mediating Role of Trait Anger and Impulsivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Qilong Cao ◽  
Jing An
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Boredom Proneness ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Multiple Mediator Model ◽  
The Relationship

Boredom proneness has been linked to aggressive behaviors; however, the relationship between them is not well understood. To better understand the mechanism underlying the relationship between boredom proneness and aggression, a serial multiple mediator model was built, where boredom proneness impacted aggression simultaneously through (a) impulsivity, (b) trait anger, and (c) impulsivity to trait anger. Using data collected among Chinese substance users, a battery of interview questionnaires was completed. Results from this study indicate a positive relationship between boredom proneness, impulsivity, trait anger, and aggression. Moreover, the mediating role of impulsivity, trait anger, and both impulsivity and trait anger in serial were found. This study reflects that the link from boredom proneness to aggression among substances users could be partially explained via impulsivity and anger.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Effect of Nucleus Accumbens Volume on Adolescent Drinking: The Mediating Role of Sensation Seeking in the NCANDA Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica M. Morales ◽  
Stephen J. Boyd ◽  
Kristen L. Mackiewicz Seghete ◽  
Alicia J. Johnson ◽  
Michael D. De Bellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Adolescent Drinking

Burnout Among Primary Government School Teachers: The Mediating Role of Work– Family Conflict

2020 ◽  
pp. 097168582095398
Author(s):  
Arjun Chakravorty ◽  
Pankaj Singh
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Government School ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Impact

Although the impact of job demands and work–family conflict (WFC) on burnout has been extensively discussed and analysed in the past literature, the role of WFC as a generative mechanism has been neglected. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of WFC between job demands and burnout. The studied sample consisted of 713 Indian primary school government teachers who completed a self-report questionnaire assessing job demands, WFC and burnout. The results confirmed that WFC partially mediates the adverse association of job demands with burnout. Primary schools should, therefore, be encouraged to provide effective practices to manage work–family interfaces.

scholarly journals How Collaborative Culture Supports for Competitive Advantage: The Mediating Role of Organizational Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lei ◽  
Phong Ba Le ◽  
Hanh Thi Hong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Collaborative Culture ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The paper aims to clarify the influences of collaborative culture and specific aspects of organizational learning on competitive advantage. Structural equations modeling (SEM) is applied to test degree of influence of each variable has on each other through using data collected from 298 participants at 150 large manufacturing and service firms. The result shows that organizational learning act as mediating roles in the relationship between collaborative culture and competitive advantage. Our results indicate that collaborative culture practices will yield significant effects to competitive advantage directly or indirectly through improving specifics aspects of organizational learning. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis, which can be used to analyze relationships between collaborative culture, specifics aspects of organizational learning and competitive advantage. From a practical perspective, the study brings more deeply understanding for CEOs/managers about the necessary factors to encourage and promote firm’s competitive advantage.

Restaurant Employee Service Sabotage and Customer Deviant Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Corporate Reputation

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126-1152
Author(s):  
Hsin-Hui Hu “Sunny” Hu ◽  
Hung-Sheng “Herman” Lai ◽  
Brian King
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Reputation ◽  
Relational Quality ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Service Sabotage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Hospitality Employee ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

This article provides a timely exploration of the relationship between hospitality employee service sabotage and customer deviant behaviors in Taiwan. The authors also examine the mediating role of relational quality and the moderating role of corporate reputation. The proposed research framework was tested using data from 226 customers of casual dining restaurants who responded to a questionnaire-based survey that was administered in northern Taiwan. The results indicate that employee service sabotage is positively related to customer deviant behaviors and potentially increases the incidence of the latter. Moreover, the relationship between employee service sabotage and customer deviant behaviors is mediated by relational quality, including satisfaction and commitment. It was found that the relationship between employee service sabotage and customer deviant behaviors is negatively moderated by corporate reputation. Employee service sabotage has less effect on customer deviant behaviors when customers perceive corporate reputation more positively. The study contributes to knowledge by proposing an empirically developed and tested conceptual model that offers an enhanced understanding of the relationship between employee service sabotage and customer deviant behaviors.

scholarly journals ‘My friends love to tan’: examining sensation seeking and the mediating role of association with friends who use tanning beds on tanning bed use intentions

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Shelly Campo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Tanning Beds ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Tanning Bed

Abstract This paper explored how sensation seeking contributes to the likelihood of tanning bed use intentions both directly and indirectly through the way it shapes interaction with peers who use tanning beds and attitudes toward tanning bed. Eight hundred and ninety six (n = 896) male and female college students were recruited for the study. Measured variables included sensation seeking, association with friends who use tanning beds, attitudes toward tanning and tanning bed use intentions. Structural equation modeling was performed to test the hypotheses. In general, results supported the proposed hypotheses and documented that sensation seeking is indirectly associated with tanning bed use intentions through the mediation of association with peers who use tanning beds and attitudes toward tanning. The article discusses theoretical and methodological implications of the findings demonstrating the pathways of influence of sensation seeking on tanning bed use intentions.

scholarly journals Predictive Influence of Executive Functions, Effortful Control, Empathy, and Social Behavior on the Academic Performance in Early Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Zorza ◽  
Julián Marino ◽  
Alberto Acosta Mesas
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Social Preference ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mediating Role

In this study, we explored the predictive role of behavioral measures of Executive Functions (EFs) and a self-report measure of Effortful Control (EC) on the academic performance of early adolescents. We also analyzed the mediating role of self-reported empathy and social behavior rated by peers (i.e., prosocial behavior and social preference) and by the lead teacher (i.e., social competence). A sample of 244 adolescents aged between 12 and 13 years participated in the study. The resulting structural equation model indicated that EFs and EC predict academic performance in a complementary and independent way. Results also confirmed the mediating role of empathy and social behavior. The final model explained 64% of academic performance. We discuss the appropriateness of obtaining complementary measures of EFs and EC in predictions of academic performance as well as the importance of introducing activities involving self-regulation, empathy, and socioemotional skills in the school setting.

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