scholarly journals Increased prevalence of intellectual disabilities in higher-intensity mental healthcare settings

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanet G. Nieuwenhuis ◽  
Peter Lepping ◽  
Niels L. Mulder ◽  
Henk L. I. Nijman ◽  
Mike Veereschild ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background It has been suggested that people with intellectual disabilities have a higher likelihood to develop psychiatric disorders, and that their treatment prognosis is relatively poor. Aims We aimed to establish the prevalence of intellectual disability in different mental healthcare settings, and estimate percentage of cognitive decline. We hypothesised that the prevalence of intellectual disabilities increases with intensity of care. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in different settings in a mental healthcare trust in the Netherlands. We used the Screener for Intelligence and Learning Disabilities (SCIL) to identify suspected mild intellectual disability (MID) or borderline intellectual functioning (BIF). We identified patients with a high level of education and low SCIL score to estimate which patients may have had cognitive decline. Results We included 1213 consecutive patients. Over all settings, 41.4% of participating patients were positive for MID/BIF and 20.2% were positive for MID only. Prevalence of suspected MID/BIF increased by setting, from 27.1% in out-patient settings to 41.9% in flexible assertive community treatment teams and admission wards, to 66.9% in long-stay wards. Only 85 (7.1%) of all patients were identified as possibly having cognitive decline. Of these, 25.9% were in long-stay wards and had a diagnosis of schizophrenia or substance use disorder. Conclusions Low intellectual functioning is common in Dutch mental healthcare settings. Only a modest number of patients were identified as suffering from cognitive decline rather than suspected MID/BIF from birth. Therefore, we recommend improved screening of psychiatric patients for intellectual functioning at the start of treatment.

scholarly journals Not recognized enough: The effects and associations of trauma and intellectual disability in severely mentally ill outpatients

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanet Grietje Nieuwenhuis ◽  
Hedwig Johanna Henrica Smits ◽  
Eric Onno Noorthoorn ◽  
Cornelis Lambert Mulder ◽  
Engelbertus Johannes Maria Penterman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severely Mentally Ill

AbstractBackground:Little is known about the association between trauma and intellectual disability in SMI patients.Aim:To establish the prevalence of trauma and its association with intellectual functioning in SMI outpatients.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in two mental health trusts in the Netherlands. We used the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) to screen for trauma and PTSD, and the Screener for Intelligence and Learning disabilities (SCIL) for suspected MID/BIF. Chi-square and t-tests were used to test differences in outcome over patient characteristics. Post-hoc analysis was used to investigate gender differences between patients with and without MID/BIF on trauma and sexual trauma.Results:Any trauma was found in 86% of 570 patients and 42% were suspected for PTSD. The SCIL suggested that 40% had Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF), half of whom were suspected of having Mild Intellectual Disability (MID). These patients had more traumatic experiences (1.89 in BIF, 1.75 in MID, against 1.41 in SCIL-negative patients). Female MID/BIF patients (61%) had experienced significantly more sexual abuse than male MID/BIF patients (23%).Conclusions:Significantly more SMI outpatients who screened positive for MID/BIF reported having experienced traumatic events than those who screened negative. Rates of all trauma categories were significantly higher in the screen-positive group, who were also more likely to have PTSD. Sexual abuse occurred more in all females but the SCIL positive women are even more often victim. Clinical practice has to pay more attention to all of these issues, especially when they occur together in a single patient.

Peer victimization and its relationship to self-esteem in children with mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning in regular and special schools: An exploratory study in urban Bengaluru

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Nambiar ◽  
Kavita Jangam ◽  
BN Roopesh ◽  
Adhin Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning

The Research in the field of mental health and educational needs of children with intellectual disabilities has increased over the years. However, the focus on milder disabilities such as mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning (MBID; intelligence quotient: 50–85) is still limited. The current study aimed at understanding peer victimization and its relationship to the self-esteem of children with MBID in regular and special schools. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design with a sample of 40 children who met the inclusion criteria. On analysis, the results showed that peer victimization was more common in regular schools ( U = 51, p ≤ 0.001), wherein the peer victimization had a significant negative correlation with their self-esteem ( r = −0.536, p ≤ 0.001). Overall, the findings implied the need for promotion of inclusive education in regular schools by sensitization against peer victimization of children with disabilities.

Hyperkinetic disorder in a community service for people with intellectual disability

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sonn Patel ◽  
Evan Yacoub
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Hyperkinetic Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Adults And Children

BackgroundThere appears to be a higher rate of prevalence of hyperkinetic disorder in the intellectual disability (ID) population, although there is a large variability in rates in previous studies. Hyperkinetic disorder can be a challenge to diagnose in a population with ID and can present a barrier to the development of the activities of daily living in an already vulnerable population.ObjectivesOur objective was to examine the point prevalence of hyperkinetic disorder in the ID population in a community ID service and also to determine the prevalence of hyperkinetic disorder based on the level of ID.MethodsA cross-sectional review of the Online Information Service ‘OLIS’ database was undertaken to establish the total number of patients with ID and those with comorbid hyperkinetic disorder. The overall point prevalence and prevalence based on the level of ID was calculated from the collected data.ResultsThe point prevalence of hyperkinetic disorder in the population with ID was similar to that found in studies in the general population at 3.1% in adults and 32.6% in children. When divided by the level of disability, the calculated point prevalence in both adults and children was highest in the population with mild ID and decreased as the level of disability increased.ConclusionThis report contributes to previous research establishing the rates of hyperkinetic disorder in an ID population and establishes the point prevalence of hyperkinetic disorder in individuals diagnosed with ID in a clinical sample.

School Readiness Program

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-106
Author(s):  
BS Chavan ◽  
Wasim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Practical Model

The chapter highlights the importance of a school readiness program for children with disabilities (preferably mild category of developmental disabilities) in achieving successful inclusive education. A practical model of school readiness program for children with mild intellectual disability which is practiced at Government Rehabilitation Institute for Intellectual Disabilities (GRIID), Chandigarh, India has been highlighted in this chapter. The school readiness program for children with mild developmental disabilities is offered at primary lower (age 5-7 years) and primary upper (age 7-9 years) levels. Several age-appropriate functional and social skills are being taught to young children admitted under the school readiness program of GRIID. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the school readiness program that can be replicated at different places to achieve a successful and meaningful transition from a special school to an inclusive school.

scholarly journals Demanding disability – an analysis of opportunities and threats related to the functioning of people with mild intellectual disabilities Part 1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Parys ◽  
Sławomir Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Mild Intellectual Disability ◽  
Present Text ◽  
Adam Mickiewicz

Katarzyna Parys, Sławomir Olszewski, Demanding disability – an analysis of opportunities and threats related to the functioning of people with mild intellectual disabilities. Part 1. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 15–38. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.01The thesis considered in the article is the statement that mild intellectual disability is a demanding disability. Three dimensions were distinguished in the description of the situation of persons with a mild intellectual disability:1. Attributes of the phenomenon of mild intellectual disability2. Attributes of the population of people with mild intellectual disabilities3. Attributes of selected elements of the mesosystem of people with mild intellectualdisabilitiesThe key phenomena for these dimensions were analysed. The ambiguity of these phenomena has become the basis for considering the opportunities and threats that they may pose. Due to the extensiveness of the issues raised, the issues discussed are presented in two parts. The present text is considers the first two of the dimensions listed.

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