Social Relationships, Adversity and Neurosis: A Study of Associations in a General Population Sample

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson ◽  
D. G. Byrne ◽  
P. Duncan-Jones ◽  
Ruth Scott ◽  
Sylvia Adcock
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Systematic Sample

SummaryA standardized study of the point prevalence of non-psychotic disorder was carried out on a systematic sample of Canberra residents (N = 756). Rates were estimated for PSE CATEGO diagnoses and the Index of Definition. The association between neurosis and deficiencies in social relationships was examined, using the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction (ISSI). An objective measure of exposure to adversity was also obtained at interview. Both attachment and social integration (affectionally close and more diffuse relationships) were found to be negatively associated with neurosis. This association holds in its own right, in addition to an interaction with the load of adversity. The associations are weaker for men.The significance of this work lies in its demonstration of an association between neurosis and the lack of social ties, and in its attempt to obtain a specification of those elements in social relationships which, when deficient, may be associated with neurosis. The direction of causality has now to be investigated.

Measuring social relationships The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson ◽  
P. Duncan-Jones ◽  
D. G. Byrne ◽  
Ruth Scott
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Interview Schedule

SYNOPSISIt is generally recognized that social relationships occupy a central position in psychiatry. To examine the role of social relationships in the onset of minor psychiatric morbidity it is necessary to construct an instrument which will meet the need for a valid, reliable and comprehensive index of social relationships. Such an instrument has now been developed and used in a sample of the general population.The Interview Schedule for Social Interaction arose from a research need, and was constructed to assess the availability and perceived adequacy for any individual of a number of facets of social relationships. These consist both of persons and of the provisions obtained through them. Data from a general population sample suggest this instrument to be sufficiently valid and reliable, and also sensitive to predictable variations between sociodemographic groups, to justify its use in clinical and epidemiological studies, both in psychiatry and general medicine.

scholarly journals Teacher’s Reasons for Trust and Distrust in Scientific Evidence: Reflecting a “Smart But Evil” Stereotype?

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110285
Author(s):  
Tom Rosman ◽  
Samuel Merk
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

We investigate in-service teachers’ reasons for trust and distrust in educational research compared to research in general. Building on previous research on a so-called “smart but evil” stereotype regarding educational researchers, three sets of confirmatory hypotheses were preregistered. First, we expected that teachers would emphasize expertise—as compared with benevolence and integrity—as a stronger reason for trust in educational researchers. Moreover, we expected that this pattern would not only apply to educational researchers, but that it would generalize to researchers in general. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the pattern could also be found in the general population. Following a pilot study aiming to establish the validity of our measures (German general population sample; N = 504), hypotheses were tested in an online study with N = 414 randomly sampled German in-service teachers. Using the Bayesian informative hypothesis evaluation framework, we found empirical support for five of our six preregistered hypotheses.

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