scholarly journals Inconsistency in reporting potentially traumatic events

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Hepp ◽  
Alex Gamma ◽  
Gabriella Milos ◽  
Dominique Eich ◽  
Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

BackgroundResearch on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relies mainly on self-reports of exposure to trauma and its consequences.AimsTo analyse the consistency of the reporting of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) over time.MethodA community-based cohort, representative of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland, was interviewed at the ages of 34–35 years (in 1993) and 40–41 years (in 1999). A semi-structured diagnostic interview, including a section on PTSD, was administered.ResultsOf the 342 participants who attended both interviews, 169 reported some PTE (1993, n=110; 1999, n=120). In 1999, 56 participants (33.1%) reported for the first time PTEs that actually occurred before 1993, but which had not been reported in the 1993 interview. In total, 68 participants (40.2%) who had reported a PTE in 1993 did not report it in 1999. The overall frequency of inconsistent reporting was 63.9%.ConclusionsThe high level of inconsistency in the reporting of PTEs has implications for therapy as well as for research.

scholarly journals Potentially Traumatic Events, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression among Adults in Puerto Rico

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassie Overstreet ◽  
Erin C. Berenz ◽  
Christina Sheerin ◽  
Ananda B. Amstadter ◽  
Glorisa Canino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events

Organizations and Exposure to Trauma at a Collective Level

2017 ◽  
pp. 18-56
Author(s):  
Idil Isik
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
Business Cases ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Organizational Trauma ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Organizational trauma is a contemporary construct that highlights long-lasting negative psychological consequences of various internal and external events that overwhelm the capacity of people in organizational settings. This chapter proposes that a typology of “potentially traumatic events” (PTEs) and the taxonomy of these events' attributes can be developed by conducting a comprehensive literature review. The search of databases for the period of 1995-2016 revealed 81 articles on which inductive qualitative content analysis was conducted. Analysis brought three PTEs: “events resulting from organizational processes”; “adverse experiences in trauma-prone occupations/sectors”, and “catastrophic events caused by economic/social/environmental conditions”. These events' attributes appeared distinctive under three themes: “features of traumatic events”;“human behaviours”;“internal and external organizational environment”. As the final step, the proposed taxonomy was applied to real traumatic business cases happened in 2015 and early 2016 so that the taxonomic model was tested.

Criteria and Concurrent Validity of DIVA 2.0: A Semi-Structured Diagnostic Interview for Adult ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga ◽  
Viviana Nasillo ◽  
Vanesa Richarte ◽  
Montserrat Corrales ◽  
Felipe Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
First Time

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess for the first time the criterion validity of the semi-structured Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), and its concurrent validity in comparison with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV (CAADID) and other ADHD severity scales, following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria. Method: A transversal study was performed on 40 out-patients with ADHD to check the criteria and concurrent validity of the DIVA 2.0 compared with the CAADID. Results: The DIVA 2.0 interview showed a diagnostic accuracy of 100% when compared with the diagnoses obtained with the CAADID interview. The concurrent validity demonstrated good correlations with three self-reported rating scales: the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS; r = .544, p < .0001), the ADHD-Rating Scale ( r = .720, p < .0001), and Sheehan’s Dysfunction Inventory ( r = .674, p < .0001). Conclusion: The DIVA 2.0 is a reliable tool for assessing and diagnosing Adult ADHD and is the only one that offers free online access for clinical and research purposes.

Psychiatric Disorders and Future Violent Arrests: A Prospective Study Among Detained Girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier F. Colins ◽  
Lore Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Structured Diagnostic Interview ◽  
A Prospective Study

This study scrutinizes if detained girls with psychiatric disorders were at risk for future violent arrests during adolescence. A structured diagnostic interview was performed to determine the presence of various psychiatric disorders in 313 detained girls. Official juvenile arrest records were collected. With three exceptions that are in need of replication, psychiatric disorders (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, subtypes of conduct disorder), psychiatric disorder categories (e.g., anxiety disorders), and psychiatric comorbidity patterns were not prospectively related to future violent arrests. Our findings suggest that detained girls with psychiatric disorders should not be considered more dangerous than their counterparts without disorders, at least not during adolescence.

scholarly journals Reported exposure to trauma among adult patients referred for psychological services at the Free State Psychiatric Complex, Bloemfontein

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurisa Van Zyl ◽  
Carla Nel ◽  
Martie Du Toit ◽  
Gina Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Traumatic Death ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
State Psychiatric ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

Background: Information regarding lifetime exposure to potentially traumatic events is critical in the management of various psychiatric disorders. Recent South African research suggests high levels of trauma exposure in the general population, however, the prevalence and type of potentially traumatic events among tertiary psychiatric patients are unknown.Objective: The study aimed to explore and describe the extent and nature of reported potentially traumatic events and associated variables in adult patients referred for psychological services at the Free State Psychiatric Complex (FSPC), Bloemfontein.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, demographic information, diagnostic morbidity and co-morbidity, and presence and type of reported trauma exposure reported by patients during the initial assessment were obtained from files of adult patients seen during a one-year period (2010) at the out-patient unit and the in-patient affective ward at the FSPC. Data were captured on data record forms by the researchers and analysed by means of descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and logistic regression (SAS version 9.1).Results: Of the 192 adults (71.9% White and 67.2% female) referred for psychological services,75.5% were diagnosed with mood disorders, 17.2% with anxiety disorders, 22.4% with substance-related disorders and 20.9% with cluster B personality disorders or traits. A total of 145 (75.5%) reported past trauma exposure. The most frequently reported types of trauma exposure were traumatic death/injury of a loved one (37.0%), physical assault (24.5%), witnessed/threatened violence (19.3%), and sexual assault (17.7%). Women were more likely to have been exposed to trauma than men (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.87–8.62), in particular to traumatic death of a loved one (OR 3.13), physical assault (OR 4.08), or sexual assault (OR 5.43).Conclusions: The findings of this study contribute to current data regarding the prevalence of exposure to trauma and its possible association with mental illness. The importance of comprehensive trauma exposure screening in routine psychiatric interviewing practices is highlighted.

Traumatic Stress Disorders in Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette M. La Greca ◽  
Cortney J. Taylor ◽  
Whitney M. Herge
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Psychological Impairment

Many children and adolescents who experience potentially traumatic events, such as natural disasters, acts of violence, physical injuries, child abuse, and life-threatening medical illnesses, display significant stress symptoms. In fact, these potentially traumatic events can lead to the development of acute stress disorder (ASD) and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cause significant psychological impairment. In this chapter, we discuss the types of potentially traumatic events that lead to ASD or PTSD in youth, as well as various aspects of trauma exposure. We next review available evidence on the definition, prevalence, and course of ASD and PTSD in youth, and the risk factors associated with their development. To date, relatively few studies have examined ASD and existing evidence calls into question the validity of dissociative symptoms as part of the existing ASD diagnostic criteria for youth. In contrast, many studies have evaluated PTSD and its symptoms in youth exposed to trauma, although PTSD prevalence rates vary substantially depending on a host of factors, including the type of traumatic event experienced, the degree of exposure to the event, and the informant for PTSD symptoms, among other factors. We also discuss developmental considerations for the ASD and PTSD diagnoses and directions for future research. The chapter closes with a brief summary of proposed changes to the diagnostic criteria for ASD and PTSD in youth that are being considered for the DSM-5.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document