Clinical Diagnosis Value of Chest X-Ray and Ultrasound in Recurrence in Patients With Favorable-Histology Wilms Tumor

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (14) ◽  
pp. 1264-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulu Xie ◽  
Baihui Liu ◽  
Kuiran Dong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Favorable Histology ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals Impact of Surveillance Imaging Modality on Survival After Recurrence in Patients With Favorable-Histology Wilms Tumor: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34) ◽  
pp. 3396-3403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Mullen ◽  
Yueh-Yun Chi ◽  
Emily Hibbitts ◽  
James R. Anderson ◽  
Katarina J. Steacy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Favorable Histology ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Imaging ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Chest X Ray

Purpose The use of computed tomography (CT) for routine surveillance to detect recurrence in patients with Wilms tumor (WT) has increased in recent years. The utility of CT, despite increased risk and cost, to improve outcome for these patients is unknown. We conducted a retrospective analysis with patients enrolled in the fifth National Wilms Tumor Study (NWTS-5) to determine if surveillance with CT correlates with improved overall survival (OS) after recurrence compared with chest x-ray (CXR) and abdominal ultrasound (US). Patients and Methods Overall, 281 patients with recurrent unilateral favorable-histology WT were reviewed to assess how WT recurrence was detected: sign/symptoms (SS), surveillance imaging (SI) with CT scan, or SI with CXR/US. Results The estimated 5-year OS rate after relapse was 67% (95% CI, 61% to 72%). Twenty-five percent of recurrences were detected with SS; 48.5%, with CXR/US; and 26.5%, with CT. Patients with SS had a 5-year OS rate of 59% (95% CI, 46% to 72%) compared with 70% (95% CI, 63% to 77%; P = .23) for those detected by SI. Recurrences detected by CT had a shorter median time from diagnosis to recurrence (0.60 years) compared with SS (0.91 years) or CXR/US (0.86 years; P = .003). For recurrences detected by SI, more tumor foci at relapse ( P < .001) and size of the largest focus greater than 2 cm ( P = .02) were associated with inferior OS. However, there was no difference in OS after relapse when recurrence was detected by CT versus CXR/US (5-year OS rate, 65% v 73%; P = .20). Conclusion In patients with favorable-histology WT, elimination of CT scans from surveillance programs is unlikely to compromise survival but would result in substantial reduction in radiation exposure and health care costs.

scholarly journals Deteksi Penyakit Covid-19 Berdasarkan Citra X-Ray Menggunakan Deep Residual Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
YULI SUN HARIYANI ◽  
SUGONDO HADIYOSO ◽  
THOMHERT SUPRAPTO SIADARI
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Residual Network ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Supporting Tool

ABSTRAKPenyakit Coronavirus-2019 atau Covid-19 telah menjadi pandemi global dan menjadi masalah utama yang harus segera dikendalikan. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah memutus rantai penyebaran virus tersebut dengan melakukan deteksi dan melalukan karantina. Pencitraan X-Ray dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam mempelajari Covid-19. X-Ray dianggap mampu menggambarkan kondisi paru-paru pada pasien Covid-19 dan dapat menjadi alat bantu diagnosa klinis. Pada penelitian ini, kami mengusulkan pendekatan deep learning berbasis residual deep network untuk deteksi Covid-19 melalui citra chest X-Ray. Evaluasi yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui performa metode yang diusulkan berupa precision, recall, F1, dan accuracy. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa usulan metode ini memberikan precision, recall, F1 dan accuracy masing-masing 0,98, 0,95, 0,97 dan 99%. Pada masa mendatang, studi ini diharapkan dapat divalidasi dan kemudian digunakan untuk melengkapi diagnosa klinis oleh dokter.Kata kunci: Coronavirus-2019, Covid-19, chest X-Ray, deep learning, residual network ABSTRACTCoronavirus-2019 or Covid-19 disease has become a global pandemic and is a major problem that must be stopped immediately. One of the ways that can be done to stop its spreading is to break the spreading chain of the virus by detecting and doing quarantine. X-Ray imaging can be used as an alternative in detecting Covid-19. X-Ray is considered able to describe the condition of the lungs for Covid-19 suspected patients and can be a supporting tool for clinical diagnosis. In this study, we propose a residual based deep learning approach for Covid-19 detection using chest X-Ray images. Evaluation is carried out to determine the performance of the proposed method in the form of precision, recall, F1 and accuracy. Experiments results show that our proposed method provides precision, recall, F1 and accuracy respectively 0.98, 0.95, 0.97 and 99%. In the future, this study is expected to be validated and then used to support clinical diagnoses by doctors.Keywords: Coronavirus-2019, Covid-19, chest X-Ray, deep learning, residual network

scholarly journals The echocardiographic and radiological profile of Clinically diagnosed congenital heart disease in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Dr. Sandeep Bhaskar ◽  
◽  
Dr. Sneha P ◽  
Dr. Manjunath Babu R ◽  
Dr. Chithambaram Chithambaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Chest X Ray

Introduction: Congenital heart disease (CHD) if diagnosed clinically early and confirmed by ChestX-ray and ECHO, can be appropriately managed. Objectives: To observe the clinical profile of CHDin clinically diagnosed CHD in children To correlate the clinical profile with radiological andechocardiographic findings in the study group. Methods: It’s a cross-sectional study. The durationwas 18 months. All children in the age group of 1 month to 18years of age with history & clinicalfindings suggestive of CHDs were taken, assessed, subjected to Chest X-ray & 2 DECHO & werecorrelate. Results: Total no. of cases admitted during the study period was 5423, 624 had CHDamong which 50 fulfilling the criteria were taken. Clinically CCHD was in 34%, ACHD in 66%. Clinicalcorrelation with X-ray was 83% and with ECHO was 87 %. Conclusion: ACHD is more common,Chest x-ray findings correlated closely. ECHO correlation with the clinical diagnosis was veryaccurate especially in isolated lesions and some cases were identified which had been missedclinically. Hence Clinical Diagnosis with X-ray and ECHO helps in increased identification & earlierintervention of CHDs.

scholarly journals Effect of C‐reactive protein on chest X‐ray interpretation: it’s more complicated.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Radiologic Image

A chest x-ray cannot diagnose pneumonia, it only shows shadows. Pneumonia then becomes a clinical diagnosis for which antibiotics should be considered primarily after careful clinical assessment of how sick the child appears, the presence of fever, an elevated CRP, an elevated procalcitonin, and a radiologic image of a distinct lobar or lobular infiltrate.

scholarly journals Lung ultrasound volume sweep imaging for respiratory illness: a new horizon in expanding imaging access

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000919
Author(s):  
Thomas J Marini ◽  
Justin M Weis ◽  
Timothy M Baran ◽  
Jonah Kan ◽  
Steven Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Brief Training ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Chest X Ray

BackgroundRespiratory illness is a leading cause of morbidity in adults and the number one cause of mortality in children, yet billions of people lack access to medical imaging to assist in its diagnosis. Although ultrasound is highly sensitive and specific for respiratory illness such as pneumonia, its deployment is limited by a lack of sonographers. As a solution, we tested a standardised lung ultrasound volume sweep imaging (VSI) protocol based solely on external body landmarks performed by individuals without prior ultrasound experience after brief training. Each step in the VSI protocol is saved as a video clip for later interpretation by a specialist.MethodsDyspneic hospitalised patients were scanned by ultrasound naive operators after 2 hours of training using the lung ultrasound VSI protocol. Separate blinded readers interpreted both lung ultrasound VSI examinations and standard of care chest radiographs to ascertain the diagnostic value of lung VSI considering chest X-ray as the reference standard. Comparison to clinical diagnosis as documented in the medical record and CT (when available) were also performed. Readers offered a final interpretation of normal, abnormal, or indeterminate/borderline for each VSI examination, chest X-ray, and CT.ResultsOperators scanned 102 subjects (0–89 years old) for analysis. Lung VSI showed a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 91% for an abnormal chest X-ray and a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93% for a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. When any cases with an indeterminate rating on chest X-ray or ultrasound were excluded (n=38), VSI lung ultrasound showed 92% agreement with chest X-ray (Cohen’s κ 0.83 (0.68 to 0.97, p<0.0001)). Among cases with CT (n=21), when any ultrasound with an indeterminate rating was excluded (n=3), there was 100% agreement with VSI.ConclusionLung VSI performed by previously inexperienced ultrasound operators after brief training showed excellent agreement with chest X-ray and high sensitivity and specificity for a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. Blinded readers were able to identify other respiratory diseases including pulmonary oedema and pleural effusion. Deployment of lung VSI could benefit the health of the global community.

918: B7-H1 Expression Predicts Tumor Recurrence in Patients with Favorable Histology Wilms’ Tumor

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Routh ◽  
Richard A. Ashley ◽  
Thomas J. Sebo ◽  
Christine M. Lohse ◽  
Douglas A. Husmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Recurrence ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Favorable Histology

Tuberculosis: Diagnostic Challenges in Rural Africa

Praxis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (15) ◽  
pp. 991-996
Author(s):  
Ngisi Masawa ◽  
Farida Bani ◽  
Robert Ndege
Keyword(s):  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Screening Questions ◽  
Rural Africa ◽  
Tb Diagnostics ◽  
Strip Test ◽  
Urine Strip

Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top 10 infectious diseases with highest mortality globally since the 1990s despite effective chemotherapy. Among 10 million patients that fell ill with tuberculosis in the year 2017, 36 % were undiagnosed or detected and not reported; the number goes as high as 55 % in Tanzania, showing that the diagnosis of TB is a big challenge in the developing countries. There have been great advancements in TB diagnostics with introduction of the molecular tests such as Xpert MTB/RIF, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lipoarabinomannan urine strip test, and molecular line-probe assays. However, most of the hospitals in Tanzania still rely on the TB score chart in children, the WHO screening questions in adults, acid-fast bacilli and chest x-ray for the diagnosis of TB. Xpert MTB/RIF has been rolled-out but remains a challenge in settings where the samples for testing must be transported over many kilometers. Imaging by sonography – nowadays widely available even in rural settings of Tanzania – has been shown to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Despite all the efforts and new diagnostics, 30–50 % of patients in high-burden TB countries are still empirically treated for tuberculosis. More efforts need to be placed if we are to reduce the death toll by 90 % until 2030.

Lingual Dystonia Treated with Botulinum Toxin - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
MA Hayee ◽  
QD Mohammad ◽  
H Rahman ◽  
M Hakim ◽  
SM Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 42-year-old female presented in Neurology Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College with gradually worsening difficulty in talking and eating for the last four months. Examination revealed dystonic tongue, macerated lips due to continuous drooling of saliva and aspirated lungs. She had no history of taking antiparkinsonian, neuroleptics or any other drugs causing dystonia. Chest X-ray revealed aspiration pneumonia corrected later by antibiotics. She was treated with botulinum toxin type-A. Twenty units of toxin was injected in six sites of the tongue. The dystonic tongue became normal by 24 hours. Subsequent 16 weeks follow up showed very good result and the patient now can talk and eat normally. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 75-78)

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