Communication about physical activity in an underserved patient population

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 17012-17012
Author(s):  
J. Carroll ◽  
R. Epstein ◽  
K. Fiscella ◽  
P. Jean-Pierre ◽  
C. Figueroa-Moseley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Office Visits ◽  
Patient Recall ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Predominantly Female

17012 Background: Promoting physical activity may help reduce the incidence of several cancers. The 5A model, used to promote other patient behavior changes in clinical practice, may be applicable to physical activity. Our goal was to determine clinicians’ use of the 5A (Ask, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) guidelines when communicating about physical activity and cancer risk with an underserved patient population. Methods: Analysis of 50 audiotaped transcribed office visits with adult patients and their clinicians in two community health centers in Rochester, NY. We conducted post-visit interviews to assess patient recall of communication about physical activity.We used descriptive statistics to assess patient demographics and the frequency of each of the 5As occurring in the audiotaped visits. Analysis of the transcripts of the visits explored other contextual factors related to use of the 5As for communication about physical activity and cancer risk. Results: Patients were predominantly female (70%) and were African American (50%), Caucasian (35%) and other/mixed ethnicity (15%). In the 50 office visits, there were twelve (24%) Ask, twelve (24%) Advise, three (6%) Agree, two (4%) Assist, and one (2%) Arrange statement. Physical activity communication was mostly (92%) clinician-initiated; the only discussion which included all 5As was patient-initiated. No discussion linked physical activity to cancer risk or cancer prevention. Patients recalling the most communication about physical activity with their clinician reported that it was contextualized to their specific health needs, included support and encouragement, and consisted of clear, simple advice. Conclusions: Communication about physical activity incorporating the Agree and Arrange steps of the 5As was infrequent. Cancer prevention interventions should target these steps and prompt the patient to initiate communication to improve physical activity in underserved populations. This project was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute, R25- CA102618. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Weight Management and Physical Activity for Breast Cancer Prevention and Control

2019 ◽  
pp. e22-e33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Ligibel ◽  
Karen Basen-Engquist ◽  
Jennifer W. Bea
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Secondary Breast Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Observational evidence has consistently linked excess adiposity and inactivity to increased breast cancer risk and to poor outcomes in individuals diagnosed with early-stage, potentially curable breast cancer. There is less information from clinical trials testing the effect of weight management or physical activity interventions on breast cancer risk or outcomes, but a number of ongoing trials will test the impact of weight loss and other lifestyle changes after cancer diagnosis on the risk of breast cancer recurrence. Lifestyle changes have additional benefits beyond their potential to decrease primary or secondary breast cancer risk, including improvements in metabolic parameters, reduction in the risk of comorbidities such as diabetes and heart disease, improvement of physical functioning, and mitigation of side effects of cancer therapy. Despite these myriad benefits, implementation of lifestyle interventions in at-risk and survivor populations has been limited to date. This article reviews the evidence linking lifestyle factors to breast cancer risk and outcomes, discusses completed and ongoing randomized trials testing the impact of lifestyle change in primary and secondary breast cancer prevention, and reviews efforts to implement and disseminate lifestyle interventions in at-risk and breast cancer survivor populations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an online knowledge translation intervention to promote cancer risk reduction behaviours: findings from a randomized controlled trial

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Neil-Sztramko ◽  
Emily Belita ◽  
Anthony J. Levinson ◽  
Jennifer Boyko ◽  
Maureen Dobbins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Knowledge Translation Strategies ◽  
Prevention Guidelines

Abstract Background Many cancers are preventable through lifestyle modification; however, few adults engage in behaviors that are in line with cancer prevention guidelines. This may be partly due to the mixed messages on effective cancer prevention strategies in popular media. The goal of the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (the Portal) is to increase access to trustworthy health information. The purpose of this study was to explore if and how knowledge translation strategies to disseminate cancer prevention evidence using the Portal influence participants’ knowledge, intentions and health behaviors related to cancer risk. Methods Adults ≥40 years old, with no cancer history were randomized to a 12-week intervention (weekly emails and social media posts) or control group. Quantitative data on knowledge, intentions and behaviors (physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and use of tobacco products) were collected at baseline, end of study and 3 months later. Participant engagement was assessed using Google Analytics, and participant satisfaction through open-ended survey questions and semi-structured interviews. Results Participants (n = 557, mean age 64.9) were predominantly retired (72%) females (81%). Knowledge of cancer prevention guidelines was higher in the intervention group at end of study only (+ 0.3, p = 0.01). Intentions to follow cancer prevention guidelines increased in both groups, with no between-group differences. Intervention participants reported greater light-intensity physical activity at end of study (+ 0.7 vs. 0.1, p = 0.03), and reduced alcohol intake at follow u (− 0.2 vs. + 0.3, p < 0.05), but no other between-group differences were found. Overall satisfaction with the Portal and intervention materials was high. Conclusions Dissemination of evidence-based cancer prevention information through the Portal results in small increases in knowledge of risk-reduction strategies and with little to no impact on self-reported health behaviours, except in particular groups. Further tailoring of knowledge translation strategies may be needed to see more meaningful change in knowledge and health behaviours. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03186703, June 14, 2017.

scholarly journals Gene-Environment Interactions Between PPARG2 Variant and Lifestyle Factors in Relation to Cancer RIsk: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1496-1496
Author(s):  
Lieu Tran ◽  
Gerd Bobe ◽  
Gayatri Arani ◽  
Zhenzhen Zhang ◽  
Jackilen Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Dietary Factors

Abstract Objectives A genetic variant in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARG2 Pro12Ala; rs1801282) has been linked to both carcinogenesis and lifestyle factors such as energy balance and fat intake and identified as modifiers of risk in several different cancers. However, to date, no systematic review has been conducted. We conducted a systematic literature review to summarize the current evidence on whether associations between lifestyle factors and risk of cancer are modified by the PPARG2 Pro12Ala variant. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review of studies published before July 2019 using the PubMed database. We included observational studies that: 1) included diet, anthropometrics and physical activity as lifestyle factors; 2) had the risk of incident cancer in any site as an outcome; 3) included controls (participants free of cancer); and 4) reported a statistical significance of interaction effects between the PPARG2 variant and lifestyle factors. Results After applying the inclusion criteria to 3424 identified abstracts, 14 studies of cancers in colon/rectum (n = 6), breast (n = 3), prostate (n = 3), pancreas (n = 1) and endometrium (n = 1) were selected, which included a total of 22,267 participants with 9290 cancer cases. Alcohol consumption had a statistically significant interaction with the PPARG2 variant in all three studies of colorectal and breast cancers investigating this interaction. Dietary factors such as fried food intake, refined grain intake, dietary vitamin A intake, lutein intake and Prudent dietary pattern significantly interacted with the PPARG2 variant, whereas other dietary factors such as dietary fat and meat intakes did not. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio and physical activity level did not significantly interact with the PPARG2 variant in all six studies of colorectal, breast, prostate, pancreatic and endometrial cancers, except for one study on body mass index and prostate cancer. Conclusions Our systematic review shows statistically significant, although inconsistent, interactions between PPARG2 Pro12Ala variant and lifestyle factors on cancer risk. This suggests that lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention may need to be tailored based on genetic factors such as PPARG2 Pro12Ala variant. Funding Sources This study was funded by the OHSU/OSU Cancer Prevention and Control Initiative.

scholarly journals Skin Cancer Risk and Other Health Risk Behaviors

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Williams Merten ◽  
Jessica L. King ◽  
Kim Walsh-Childers ◽  
Melissa J. Vilaro ◽  
Jamie L. Pomeranz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Skin Cancer Prevention ◽  
Skin Cancer Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. To present results of a scoping review focused on skin cancer risk behaviors and other related health risk behaviors. Skin cancer is highly preventable, yet it is the most common form of cancer in the United States with melanoma rates increasing. Limited research has been conducted examining the relationship between skin cancer prevention behaviors and other health risks, yet multiple behavioral health risk interventions have shown great promise for health promotion and reduced health care costs. Methods. Online databases were searched for research articles on skin cancer risk behaviors and related health risk behaviors. Results. Thirty-seven articles met inclusion criteria examining skin cancer behaviors including risk, sun protection behaviors, sunburn, and indoor tanning. The majority of existing studies focused on the relationship between skin cancer prevention behaviors and physical activity, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol abuse. Adults were the primary population of interest with some studies of adolescents. Conclusions. Poor skin cancer prevention behaviors were associated with alcohol use, marijuana use, and smoking among adolescents and adults. Studies on body mass index and physical activity had mixed relationships with skin cancer prevention behaviors and warrant further investigation. Indoor tanning was associated with other risky behaviors but other skin cancer prevention behaviors were not studied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an online knowledge translation intervention to promote cancer risk reduction behaviours: findings from a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Neil-Sztramko ◽  
Emily Belita ◽  
Anthony Levinson ◽  
Jennifer Boyko ◽  
Maureen Dobbins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Knowledge Translation Strategies ◽  
Prevention Guidelines

Abstract Background: Many cancers are preventable through lifestyle modification; however, few adults engage in behaviours that are in line with cancer prevention guidelines. This may be partly due to the mixed messages on effective cancer prevention strategies in popular media. The goal of the McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (the Portal) is to increase access to trustworthy health information. The purpose of this study was to explore if and how knowledge translation strategies to disseminate cancer prevention evidence using the Portal influence participants’ knowledge, intentions and health behaviors related to cancer risk. Methods: Adults ≥40 years old, with no cancer history were randomized to a 12-week intervention (weekly emails and social media posts) or control group. Quantitative data on knowledge, intentions and behaviors (physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and use of tobacco products) were collected at baseline, end of study and three months later. Participant engagement was assessed using Google Analytics, and participant satisfaction through open-ended survey questions and semi-structured interviews. Results: Participants (n = 557, mean age 64.9) were predominantly retired (72%) females (81%). Knowledge of cancer prevention guidelines was higher in the intervention group at end of study only (+0.3, p = 0.01). Intentions to follow cancer prevention guidelines increased in both groups, with no between-group differences. Intervention participants reported greater light-intensity physical activity at end of study (+0.7 vs. 0.1, p = 0.03), and reduced alcohol intake at follow u (-0.2 vs. + 0.3, p < 0.05), but no other between-group differences were found. Overall satisfaction with the Portal and intervention materials was high. Conclusions: Dissemination of evidence-based cancer prevention information through the Portal results in small increases in knowledge of risk-reduction strategies and with little to no impact on self-reported health behaviours, except in particular groups. Further tailoring of knowledge translation strategies may be needed to see more meaningful change in knowledge and health behaviours. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03186703, registered June 14, 2017

scholarly journals Linking population-based survey and cancer registry data to examine the association between behaviours consistent with cancer prevention recommendations and cancer risk in Ontario

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Young ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Mohammad Haque ◽  
Julie Klein-Geltink ◽  
Elisa Candido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Reporting Behaviour ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
The Difference

IntroductionCertain subject behaviours and characteristics increase the risk of some cancer types (e.g., obesity, alcohol intake) while others reduce cancer risk (e.g., physical activity). In 2007, the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) published recommendations to reduce cancer risk related to these behaviours. Objectives and ApproachThe objective is to examine the association between self-reported behaviour consistent with WCRF/AICR recommendations for body fatness, physical activity, vegetable/fruit consumption, and alcohol intake and the risk of all cancers combined and specific cancer types. The study cohort, comprised of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Ontario sample, will be linked with health administrative databases, including the Ontario Cancer Registry to determine cancer outcomes. Individuals will be assessed for behaviours consistent with WCRF/AICR recommendations based on their responses to CCHS questions and the association of these behaviours with cancer risk will be explored using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models. ResultsTo detect a log hazard ratio of 1.10 (where a=0.05, power=0.80, proportion of the sample assigned to the exposure group=0.25 and R2=0.20), a sample size of 4,538 is required. Based on the number of records in the CCHS data frame (159,474) and an assumption that the CCHS sample experiences cancer incidence at a similar rate to the rest of the Ontario population, we expect to have 5,000 cancer cases for these analyses. Upon completion of the analysis, we will report hazard ratios that estimate the difference in cancer risk between individuals reporting behaviour consistent with the WCRF/AICR recommendations and those reporting behaviour not consistent with the recommendations. Conclusion/ImplicationsWCRF/AICR recommendations were developed as the basis for primary cancer prevention, both for individuals and population-wide policies and programs. The current study will quantify the difference in overall cancer risk between individuals who do and do not adhere to selected WCRF/AICR recommendations for the first time in a Canadian population.

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