Outcomes after adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with and without germline mutations: A large, single-institutional experience.
1502 Background: Women with germline mutations in DNA repair pathways are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer. We posit that tumors arising in these patients may be more sensitive to radiotherapy and, therefore, patients may experience improved locoregional control and survival outcomes following adjuvant radiotherapy as compared to patients without DNA repair pathway mutations. Methods: We evaluated the records of 2,221 women with stage 0-III de novo primary breast cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy who all underwent genetic testing at our institution from 1993 to 2018. Mutations were categorized as pathogenic variant, variant of unknown significance (VUS), or negative. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the locoregional recurrence rate (LRR), rate of distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) from the time of surgery. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 45 years (range 19-84). Median follow-up time was 7 years (95% confidence interval 6.6-7.4). Among 1,960 patients with evaluable radiation records, 752 (38.4%) received breast only radiation, 12 (0.6%) received chest wall only radiation, and 1,196 (61.0%) received breast/chest wall and regional nodal radiation. A total of 255 (11.4%) and 162 (7.3%) patients had a pathogenic variant mutation and a VUS only, respectively. Pathogenic variant and VUS in BRCA1/2 mutations were detected in 216 (9.7%) and 82 (3.7%) patients, respectively. Perturbations in ATM, CHEK2, MLH, MSH2/6, MUTYH, PALB2, RAD50/51, and/or TP53 were detected in 71% (85/119) of patients who tested positive for a non- BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant or VUS. On univariate analysis, there was no significant association between BRCA1/2 mutation status or any genetic mutation and rate of LRR or DM, DSS, or OS ( p > 0.10 for all). Clinicopathological features including advanced stage and lymphovascular invasion were associated with higher cumulative incidence of LRR and DM as well as shorter DFS and OS ( p < 0.01 for all). Conclusions: Herein we report on the largest cohort of women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant radiotherapy at a single institution who have undergone germline testing. Our findings suggest that the overall prognosis of breast cancer treated with adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with germline BRCA1/2 or other genetic predisposition is similar to patients with sporadic breast cancer. Further investigation to evaluate acute or late toxicities and secondary cancers as a result of radiotherapy is warranted.