scholarly journals High-Risk HPV Genotypes Identified in Northern Honduras: Evidence for Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 211s-211s
Author(s):  
S. Turner ◽  
C. Studwell ◽  
S. Deharvengt ◽  
K.D. Lyons ◽  
J.A. Plata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Dartmouth College ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Pap Tests ◽  
Abnormal Pap Tests ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Honduran women. Lacking national or population-based registries, we rely on hospital registries to establish incidence: San Felipe General Hospital in 2012 diagnosed 38% of 998 women and The League against Cancer Hospital (LCC) in 2016 diagnosed 54.4% of 695 women with cervical cancer CC. According to PAHO's Honduras Profile 2013, screening coverage with Pap was 48.1%. Bruni in 2010 reported a prevalence of high risk HPV (hrHPV) infection for Central America of 13%, identifying genotypes 16, 18, 52, 31 and 58 as most frequent. Information about pathogenesis of hrHPV to induce cervical lesions is based on models of genotypes 16 and 18 only. Aim: Inform evidence of hrHPV genotypes collected in Honduras from an urban and a rural population, generate discussion and subsequent improvement of cervical cancer control strategies in our country. Methods: In 2016, 2 clinical studies funded by Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth College and the LCC accrued 913 women: 401 in Locomapa Valley (rural), 111 in La Mosquitia (remote rural), and 401 in a textile factory in San Pedro Sula (urban). Women were consented, to obtain 3 cervical samples, during a cervical cancer screening brigade. One sample for conventional cytology, and 2 for hrHPV by PCR genotyping. One local with our customized PCR device and the second at Dartmouth. An educational component and survey were included. Positive patients identified with hrHPV, pre or invasive cancer were referred to LCC for treatment and follow-up. Results: In Locomapa and the factory (rural and urban sites) 13% of participants were positive for hrHPV. Only 15% had HPV 16. The following common genotypes varied by location: urban factory HPV 59, 12% in rural location HPV 58, 10%; HPV 31, 9%; HPV 39 8%; HPV 35 and 66, 7%; HPV 45 and 51, 6%; HPV 18 and 56, 3%; HPV 33 and 52, 1%. 17% of women had multiple hrHPV coinfection. 7.7% had abnormal Pap tests. In La Mosquitia (remote rural), 24% of women were positive for hrHPV: HPV 52, 29%; HPV 16, 23%; HPV 39, 10%; HPV 68, 6%; HPV 58, 6%; HPV 45, 6%; HPV 51 and HPV 31, 18, 66, 59 and 35, 3% each. 1.8% had abnormal Pap tests; all participants identified with hrHPV were referred for follow-up. The average age was 40.3 years, parity, 3 children, education 6.0 years; and 15% were first-time users of a cervical screening program. Conclusion: Associate the burden of disease, with risk factors, will help us to generate models of prevention and care that are reproducible and effective to reduce morbi-mortality. Brigade-type screening models, with trained providers working at a community location over a single day, can offer improved access for women at risk and facilitate educational activities for health promotion. Introducing tests as hrHPV DNA detection, effectively reduces the volume of women to follow. Strengthening the capacity of primary care with novel screening techniques and ensure diligent follow-up is essential.

Prevalence of HPV 16/18 genotypes and histopathologic follow-up outcomes in women with negative cytology and positive high-risk HPV test results

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Woodard ◽  
R. Marshall Austin ◽  
Zaibo Li ◽  
Joseph Beere ◽  
Chengquan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Persistent High-Risk HPV Infection and Molecular Changes Related to the Development of Cervical Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pablo Moreno-Acosta ◽  
Alfredo Romero-Rojas ◽  
Nicolas Vial ◽  
Antonio Huertas ◽  
Jinneth Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

This article is a preliminary investigational study that is aimed at giving hints about the interesting biomarkers involved in the transition process from low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer. Our study focuses on the risk factors and tumour molecular changes in one patient. First in 1986, she was diagnosed a preinvasive cervix lesion. Then, 16 years later, she was diagnosed an invasive cervical cancer. The 2002 diagnosis was a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, stage IIIB (FIGO), whereas in 1986, she had been diagnosed a high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesion. Retrospectively, the analysis of samples of preneoplastic lesions and invasive cervical cancer confirmed the histopathological diagnoses and detected the presence of HPV type and HPV-16 variants, as well as the overexpression of proteins such as hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1. Finally, the Arg72Pro polymorphism was detected in TP53. The role of high-risk HPV and HPV-16 variants and of hTERT, IGF1Rα, IGF1Rβ, CAIX, and GLUT1 variations seemed confirmed in the development and progression of cervical cancer. As a result, analyzing the molecular changes in one and same tumour that progresses from a low-grade cervix lesion to invasive cervical cancer could provide valuable information in order to improve detection, diagnosis, and treatment in the future.

Genetic variation of high-risk HPV-16 from a cervical cancer biopsy collected in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Abida Siddiqa ◽  
Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Cancer Biopsy ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus Types 16/18 Distribution in Invasive Cervical Cancer: An Evidence for Vaccination in Bihar, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Vinita Trivedi ◽  
Richa Chauhan ◽  
Akhtar Parwez ◽  
Biplab Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cancer Tissues ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv 18

There is high incidence of cervical cancer in Bihar, India. Vaccination for cervical cancer in developed countries has played a crucial role in limiting the incidence rate of cervical cancer worldwide. In consideration of debate on clinical efficacy of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine in India, study on the prevalence of high risk HPV 16/18 strains in different regions of the nation becomes very crucial. Few individual states have started vaccination but centralised vaccination program does not exist due to lack of sufficient genotypic study of Human Papilloma Virus in different parts of India. Bihar is the third most populous state of India and HPV 16/18 distribution has not been reported yet. The nationwide data of HPV 16/18will help to develop a unified centralised vaccination program. We carried out a distribution study of high risk HPV type 16 and 18 in cervical cancer patients attending a tertiary care hospital of Bihar, India.HPV 16/18 types were analysed in cervical cancer tissues (n = 96) of patients attending the regional cancer hospital of Bihar. Tissue samples were analysed for HPV 16 and HPV 18 using a Real Time PCR technique. The results suggest very high prevalence of HPV 16/18. HPV was identified in all the samples (96/96). About, 74 (77.08%) samples presented with HPV 16 whereas, 16 (16.67%) of the samples presented with HPV 18. 6 Co-infection was presented in 6 (6.25%) of the samples of cervical cancer tissues. HPV 16/18 prevalence is more in the women aged between 41 to 61 years.We report 100% prevalence of HPV16/18 in the cervical cancer tissue samples. A way to minimise this gynaecological concern would be to introduce prophylactic vaccines and early screening in the state of Bihar. The data generated would be crucial in drafting for community screening of HPV. We strongly emphasize the prophylactic HPV Vaccination against HPV 16 to control the alarming rate of cervical cancer in one of the most populous state of India, Bihar.

scholarly journals An Organized Approach to Multi-Organ Screening in Rural Honduras

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 48s-48s
Author(s):  
L. Kennedy ◽  
S. Bejarano ◽  
E.P. Larochelle ◽  
G.J. Tsongalis
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Background: Poverty, poor healthcare infrastructure and geographic location contribute to a total lack of cancer screening for most residents of rural Honduras. Three projects built upon each other to develop, with local leaders, multiorgan screening events that mitigated barriers to screening-based early detection of cancers. Targeted barriers included transportation, cost, community perception and convenience. Aim: To test a novel system of multiorgan screening for feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness. Methods: Leveraging well-known brigade-style medical outreach methods, two large-scale weekend programs for women and one for men over four years in the same rural location screened women for cancers of the cervix, breast, oral cavity, thyroid; and men for cancers of the testes, oral cavity, skin, prostate and colon; and connected participants with follow-up care at a Honduran cancer center. Screening methods ranged from simple throat palpation for thyroid lesions to molecular screening for high risk HPV. Generally, screening began with low-tech methods onsite to triage the participants and identify those at high-risk for cancer who should have more technical follow-up at an equipped clinic. Well-trained Honduran medical students provided screening capacity and community leaders were solely responsible for promoting the screening opportunities. Masking was not possible onsite, but data analysis in the U.S. was anonymized. Results: Participants were accrued to each program's capacity (n=400) in 2013 and 2016 and near capacity in 2017 with high levels of participants completing the screening programs, community engagement with the process, and compliance with referrals for clinical follow-up at a collaborating cancer center located three hours away. Participants identified at the screenings for clinical follow-up included for women: breast 2.7% (2013) and 4.2% (2016), thyroid 1.7% (2016), cervix/positive for high risk HPV 8.2% (2013) and 11.8% (2016); and for men all in 2017: skin 0%, testes 7%, colorectal 1%, oropharynx 1 participant, and prostate 6.7%. The dominant local narrative predicted men would not participate in screening, yet 326 participated and of that group, 239 self-identified as having possible colorectal symptoms based on seeing an advertising flyer with questions about symptoms of constipation, bloody stools, or unintended weight loss. That self-identified subset took the initiative to see the local nurse in advance, obtain a colorectal sample kit, collect three days of stool samples, and bring them to the screening event. Conclusion: With community engagement and attention to planning for organized and rapid throughput, large-scale multiorgan cancer screening may be feasible in low-income rural communities. Funding: The Jornada studies were funded by Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine and a special grant from Geisel's Munck-Pfefferkorn Fund.

High-Risk HPV Genotyping in the Follow-Up of Women Treated Conservatively for Microinvasive Cervical Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Cairns ◽  
Kate S. Cuschieri ◽  
Heather A. Cubie ◽  
Margaret E. Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Genotyping ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Introduction of primary screening using high-risk HPV DNA detection in the Dutch cervical cancer screening programme: a population-based cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare A. Aitken ◽  
Heleen M. E. van Agt ◽  
Albert G. Siebers ◽  
Folkert J. van Kemenade ◽  
Hubert G. M. Niesters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Referral Rate ◽  
Cancer Screening Programme ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening Programme ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background In January 2017, the Dutch cervical cancer screening programme transitioned from cytomorphological to primary high-risk HPV (hrHPV) DNA screening, including the introduction of self-sampling, for women aged between 30 and 60 years. The Netherlands was the first country to switch to hrHPV screening at the national level. We investigated the health impact of this transition by comparing performance indicators from the new hrHPV-based programme with the previous cytology-based programme. Methods We obtained data from the Dutch nationwide network and registry of histo- and cytopathology (PALGA) for 454,573 women eligible for screening in 2017 who participated in the hrHPV-based programme between 1 January 2017 and 30 June 2018 (maximum follow-up of almost 21 months) and for 483,146 women eligible for screening in 2015 who participated in the cytology-based programme between 1 January 2015 and 31 March 2016 (maximum follow-up of 40 months). We compared indicators of participation (participation rate), referral (screen positivity; referral rate) and detection (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) detection; number of referrals per detected CIN lesion). Results Participation in the hrHPV-based programme was significantly lower than that in the cytology-based programme (61% vs 64%). Screen positivity and direct referral rates were significantly higher in the hrHPV-based programme (positivity rate: 5% vs 9%; referral rate: 1% vs 3%). CIN2+ detection increased from 11 to 14 per 1000 women screened. Overall, approximately 2.2 times more clinical irrelevant findings (i.e. ≤CIN1) were found in the hrHPV-based programme, compared with approximately 1·3 times more clinically relevant findings (i.e. CIN2+); this difference was mostly due to a national policy change recommending colposcopy, rather than observation, of hrHPV-positive, ASC-US/LSIL results in the hrHPV-based programme. Conclusions This is the first time that comprehensive results of nationwide implementation of hrHPV-based screening have been reported using high-quality data with a long follow-up. We have shown that both benefits and potential harms are higher in one screening round of a well-implemented hrHPV-based screening programme than in an established cytology-based programme. Lower participation in the new hrHPV programme may be due to factors such as invitation policy changes and the phased roll-out of the new programme. Our findings add further to evidence from trials and modelling studies on the effectiveness of hrHPV-based screening.

scholarly journals Detection Rates of Human Papillomavirus Associated with Cervical Cancer in Women of Nizhny Novgorod

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
NF Brusnigina ◽  
MA Makhova ◽  
OM Chernevskaya ◽  
KA Orlova ◽  
EA Kolesnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv

The purpose of the study was to assess detection rates of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer cases of Nizhny Novgorod. Materials and methods. We used the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to test samples of mucosa lining of the cervical canal and/or transformation zone taken from 630 women with cervical dysplasia of different degrees and 107 incident cases of cervical cancer that did not undergo treatment. The detection and differentiation of 14 genotypes of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) was carried out using the AmpliSens® HPV HCR-genotype-FRT PRC kit. Results. The overall infection rate of women with oncogenic human papillomaviruses was 41.8%. Among the genotypes, HPV 16 (39.2%), 18 (15.5%), 33 (16.6%), and 56 (11.9%) predominated. A high prevalence of oncogenic HPV was detected in the women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (58.1%) and cervical cancer (90%). The spectrum of genotypes in women with neoplasia of various degrees differed. In women with CIN II and CIN III, vaccine-preventable HPV genotypes (HPV 16 and 18) playing the leading role in the development of cervical cancer were the most frequent. The same genotypes dominated in the women with invasive cervical cancer. One oncogenic HPV genotype was usually found in the infected women (69%). The high-risk HPV infection was often combined with Ureaplasma ssp (49.3%), Mycoplasma hominis (20.1%), Cytomegalovirus (21.1%), and Herpes simplex I/II (18.2%) infections. Combinations of high-risk HPV with Chlamydia trachomatis and Herpes 6 were found in 8.3% and 5% of the cases, respectively. Conclusions. Our findings proved a wide prevalence of high carcinogenic risk HPV 16 and 18 genotypes, thus indicating the expediency of using Cervarix and Gardasil vaccines registered in the Russian Federation and containing antigens to these types of virus for specific prevention of the HPV infection.

scholarly journals The Distribution and Prevalence of High-Risk HPV Genotypes Other than HPV-16 and HPV-18 among Women Attending Gynecologists’ Offices in Kazakhstan

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Gulzhanat Aimagambetova ◽  
Aisha Babi ◽  
Alpamys Issanov ◽  
Sholpan Akhanova ◽  
Natalya Udalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Cancer Prevention ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv 18 ◽  
Great Burden ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Cervical cancer represents a great burden to public health of women. This study aimed to obtain a nationwide genotyping survey and analysis of high risk-HPV including those that are caused by HPV types other than HPV-16 and HPV-18, among women in Kazakhstan. This study was conducted based on the collection of survey and cervical swabs of 1645 women across the country. The samples were genotyped for high-risk HPV types based on real-time PCR methods. Collected data was analyzed with the focus on high-risk HPV types other than HPV-16 and -18. Infection was present in 22% of women who participated in the study. The most prevalent types were HPV-31 among single infections and HPV-68 among multiple infections. Conclusively, despite the lack of attention high-risk HPV types beyond HPV-16 and -18 get in attempts of cervical cancer prevention in Kazakhstan, their prevalence is high and plays a large role in cervical cancer epidemiological situation.

scholarly journals Cervical Dysplasia, Infection, and Phylogeny of Human Papillomavirus in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Women at a Reproductive Health Clinic in Nairobi, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Agnes Omire ◽  
Nancy L. M. Budambula ◽  
Leah Kirumbi ◽  
Hillary Langat ◽  
Danvas Kerosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Cancer Etiology ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
High Risk Hpv

High risk human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections ultimately cause cervical cancer. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected women often present with multiple high-risk HPV infections and are thus at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer. However, information on the circulating high-risk HPV genotypes in Kenya in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women is still scanty. This study is aimed at determining the phylogeny and the HPV genotypes in women with respect to their HIV status and at correlating this with cytology results. This study was carried out among women attending the Reproductive Health Clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital, a referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. A cross-sectional study recruited a total of 217 women aged 18 to 50 years. Paired blood and cervical samples were obtained from consenting participants. Blood was used for serological HIV screening while cervical smears were used for cytology followed by HPV DNA extraction, HPV DNA PCR amplification, and phylogenetic analysis. Out of 217 participants, 29 (13.4%) were HIV seropositive, while 68 (31.3%) were positive for HPV DNA. Eight (3.7%) of the participants had abnormal cervical cytology. High-risk HPV 16 was the most prevalent followed by HPV 81, 73, 35, and 52. One participant had cervical cancer, was HIV infected, and had multiple high-risk infections with HPV 26, 35, and 58. HPV 16, 6, and 81 had two variants each. HPV 16 in this study clustered with HPV from Iran and Africa. This study shows the circulation of other HPV 35, 52, 73, 81, 31, 51, 45, 58, and 26 in the Kenyan population that play important roles in cancer etiology but are not included in the HPV vaccine. Data from this study could inform vaccination strategies. Additionally, this data will be useful in future epidemiological studies of HPV in Nairobi as the introduction or development of new variants can be detected.

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