scholarly journals Evolving Treatment Paradigms for Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ryan K. Cleary ◽  
Anthony J. Cmelak
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distinct Disease ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Distinct Disease Entity

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing in incidence in the United States and in many countries worldwide primarily as a result of increasing rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HPV-positive OPSCC represents a distinct disease entity from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma caused by traditional risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol, with different epidemiology, patterns of failure, and expected outcomes. Because patients with HPV-positive OPSCC have a younger median age and superior prognosis compared with their HPV-negative counterparts, they live longer with the morbidity of treatment, which can be severe. Therefore, efforts are under way to de-escalate therapy in favorable-risk patients while maintaining treatment efficacy. Additional work is being undertaken to discover new therapies that may benefit both HPV-positive and HPV-negative patient subsets. Herein, we will review the available data for the evolving treatment paradigms in OPSCC as well as discuss ongoing clinical trials.

Salivary HPV Persistence Following Treatment of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110556
Author(s):  
Alexandra E. Quimby ◽  
Pagona Lagiou ◽  
Bibiana Purgina ◽  
Martin Corsten ◽  
Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Dna

Objective: To determine the persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection following treatment of HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV + OPSCC). Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken at The Ottawa Hospital (Ottawa, ON, Canada), a tertiary academic hospital and regional cancer center. Adult patients who were diagnosed with HPV + OPSCC between the years of 2014 and 2016 and treated with curative intent, and who were alive and willing to consent were eligible for inclusion. A saliva assay was used to test for the presence of HPV DNA in a random sample of patients. qPCR was used to amplify DNA from saliva samples. Results: Saliva samples were obtained from 69 patients previously treated with HPV + OPSCC. All patients had a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. 5 patients tested positive for HPV: 2 were positive for HPV-16, 2 for HPV-18, and 1 “other” HPV type. No patient in our study cohort had suffered recurrence post-treatment. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate the prevalence of persistent oncogenic HPV DNA in saliva following treatment for HPV + OPSCC. This prevalence appears to be low, despite the fact that persistent HPV infection is a precursor for the development of HPV + OPSCC. This finding raises questions about what factors influence the clearance or persistence of HPV DNA in saliva after treatment for HPV + OPSCC, and may add to our understanding about the longitudinal effects of HPV infection in these cancers.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation and HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Takuya Nakagawa ◽  
Tomoya Kurokawa ◽  
Masato Mima ◽  
Sakiko Imamoto ◽  
Harue Mizokami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Aberrant Dna Methylation

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), especially oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), has recently been found to be significantly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The incidence of OPSCC has been increasing and surpassed the number of cervical cancer cases in the United States. Although HPV-associated OPSCC has a relatively better prognosis than HPV-negative cancer, approximately 20% of HPV-associated HNSCC patients show a poor prognosis or therapeutic response, and the molecular mechanism behind this outcome in the intermediate-risk group is yet to be elucidated. These biological differences between HPV-associated HNSCC and HPV-negative HNSCC are partly explained by the differences in mutation patterns. However, recent reports have revealed that epigenetic dysregulation, such as dysregulated DNA methylation, is a strikingly common pathological feature of human malignancy. Notably, viral infections can induce aberrant DNA methylation, leading to carcinogenesis, and HPV-associated HNSCC cases tend to harbor a higher amount of aberrantly methylated DNA than HPV-negative HNSCC cases. Furthermore, recent comprehensive genome-wide DNA-methylation analyses with large cohorts have revealed that a sub-group of HPV-associated HNSCC correlates with increased DNA methylation. Accordingly, in this review, we provide an overview of the relationship between DNA methylation and HPV-associated HNSCC.

scholarly journals Brush cytology for the detection of high-risk HPV infection in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 732-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina A. Broglie ◽  
Wolfram Jochum ◽  
Diana Förbs ◽  
René Schönegg ◽  
Sandro J. Stoeckli
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Brush Cytology ◽  
High Risk Hpv

40-year incidence trends for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the United States

Oral Oncology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nosayaba Osazuwa-Peters ◽  
Matthew C. Simpson ◽  
Sean T. Massa ◽  
Eric Adjei Boakye ◽  
Jastin L. Antisdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Incidence Trends

scholarly journals Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the United States Across Time

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Stein ◽  
Sandeep Saha ◽  
Menggang Yu ◽  
Randall J. Kimple ◽  
Paul F. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Transoral Robotic Surgery in Oropharyngeal Carcinoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
pp. 1389-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel N. Helman ◽  
Thomas Schwedhelm ◽  
Sameep Kadakia ◽  
Yanhua Wang ◽  
Bradley A. Schiff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Robotic Surgery ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Open Surgery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transoral Robotic Surgery ◽  
Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Transoral Surgery

Context The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has increased during the past decade and is related primarily to the human papillomavirus. This change in etiology, from tobacco and alcohol to human papillomavirus, has resulted in improved survival for the disease. In the United States, open resection had largely been replaced by concurrent chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy by the early 2000s. The advent of transoral surgery has led to an increase in surgery as the primary treatment for both early- and advanced-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma because it has potential advantages over open surgery and nonsurgical modalities. Objective To provide an overview of transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and contrast it with other surgical and nonsurgical modalities. Data Sources Articles from 2000 to 2014 were accessioned on PubMed and reviewed for utility by the primary authors. Conclusions Transoral surgery has become more commonly used as a minimally invasive approach to treat oropharyngeal tumors. Other strategies, including radiation, chemotherapy with radiation, and open surgery, are still important treatment approaches. The treatment options for an individual patient rely on multiple factors, including the tumor location and size, features of the tumor, and patient comorbidities. The continued study of these techniques is important to match the patient with the most appropriate treatment.

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