Bayesian inference methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-120
Author(s):  
Sujit K. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Inference Methods

Xylodon bambusinus and X. xinpingensis spp. nov. (Hymenochaetales) from southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 511 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
XIANG MA ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

Two new species, Xylodon bambusinus and X. xinpingensis, are proposed based on morphological and molecular evidences. Both species share the annual growth habit, resupinate basidiomata and monomitic hyphal system with clamped, colorless generative hyphae, smooth, thin-walled basidiospores, but X. bambusinus is characterized by the smooth to tuberculate hymenial surface, presence of capitate and fusiform cystidia, broad ellipsoid basidiospores, while X. xinpingensis by the reticulate hymenophore with cream hymenial surface, and subglobose basidiospores (4.5–6 × 3.5–5 µm). Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data of ITS and ITS+nLSU sequences showed that X. bambusinus was sister to X. subclavatus, while X. xinpingensis grouped with X. astrocystidiatus and X. paradoxus. The nLSU dataset revealed that X. bambusinus grouped with X. asperus and X. brevisetus with lower supports, and that X. xinpingensis grouped with X. astrocystidiatus and X. paradoxus and then with X. rimosissimus without supports. Both morphological and molecular evidences confirmed the placement of two new species in Xylodon. Description and figures from the new species and a key to the known species of Xylodon from China are presented.

scholarly journals Bayesian inference methods to calibrate crowd dynamics models for safety applications

2022 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 105586
Author(s):  
Marion Gödel ◽  
Nikolai Bode ◽  
Gerta Köster ◽  
Hans-Joachim Bungartz
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Inference Methods ◽  
Dynamics Models ◽  
Safety Applications

scholarly journals Bayesian inference across multiple models suggests a strong increase in lethality of COVID-19 in late 2020 in the UK

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258968
Author(s):  
Patrick Pietzonka ◽  
Erik Brorson ◽  
William Bankes ◽  
Michael E. Cates ◽  
Robert L. Jack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Model Evidence ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Inference Methods

We apply Bayesian inference methods to a suite of distinct compartmental models of generalised SEIR type, in which diagnosis and quarantine are included via extra compartments. We investigate the evidence for a change in lethality of COVID-19 in late autumn 2020 in the UK, using age-structured, weekly national aggregate data for cases and mortalities. Models that allow a (step-like or graded) change in infection fatality rate (IFR) have consistently higher model evidence than those without. Moreover, they all infer a close to two-fold increase in IFR. This value lies well above most previously available estimates. However, the same models consistently infer that, most probably, the increase in IFR preceded the time window during which variant B.1.1.7 (alpha) became the dominant strain in the UK. Therefore, according to our models, the caseload and mortality data do not offer unequivocal evidence for higher lethality of a new variant. We compare these results for the UK with similar models for Germany and France, which also show increases in inferred IFR during the same period, despite the even later arrival of new variants in those countries. We argue that while the new variant(s) may be one contributing cause of a large increase in IFR in the UK in autumn 2020, other factors, such as seasonality, or pressure on health services, are likely to also have contributed.

Kinematic calibration of serial manipulators using Bayesian inference

Robotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elie Shammas ◽  
Shadi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Confidence Bounds ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
Serial Manipulators ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Three Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Inference Methods

SUMMARYIn this paper, a new calibration method for open-chain robotic arms is developed. By incorporating both prior parameter information and artifact measurement data, and by taking recourse to Bayesian inference methods, not only are the robot kinematic parameters updated but also confidence bounds are computed for all measurement data. In other words, for future measurement data not only the most likely end-effector configuration is estimated but also the uncertainty represented as 95% confidence bounds of that pose is computed. To validate the proposed calibration method, a three degree-of-freedom robotic arm was designed, constructed, and calibrated using both typical regression methods and the proposed calibration method. The results of an extensive set of experiments are presented to gauge the accuracy and utility of the proposed calibration method.

Gloeodontia yunnanensis sp. nov. (Russulales, Basidiomycota) from China, evidenced by morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 432 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
LU CHEN ◽  
ZHENG-JUN SHI ◽  
CHUN-HUA WU ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Gloeodontia yunnanensis, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and DNA data. The species is characterized by an annual, resupinate basidiomata with smooth hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with thin-walled, clamped generative hyphae and obclavate cystidia and subglobose to globose, hyaline, thick-walled, asperulate, strongly amyloid, acyanophilous basidiospores measuring 3.3–4.3 × 2.5–3.5 µm. Sequences of ITS and 28S gene regions of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Inference methods. The analyses based on ITS+28S sequences showed that G. yunnanensis nested in the Gloeodontia clade and formed a monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BS, 100% BP, 1.00 BPP).

Acceptance Sampling Scheme with Warranty for Life Testing Using Bayesian Inference Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 20180476
Author(s):  
Jianping Zhu ◽  
Junge Sun ◽  
Hua Xin ◽  
Chenlu Zheng ◽  
Tzong-Ru Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Sampling Scheme ◽  
Acceptance Sampling ◽  
Life Testing ◽  
Inference Methods

Phlebia nigrodontea sp. nov. in Meruliaceae (Polyporales) with a black hymenial surface

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 458 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
RUO-XIA HUANG ◽  
KAI-YUE LUO ◽  
CHANG-LIN ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Phlebioid Clade ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Inference Methods

A new wood-inhabiting fungus, Phlebia nigrodontea, is proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. The species is characterized by a grandinioid hymenophore with vinaceous brown to black colour, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and ellipsoid, colourless, thin-walled, smooth basidiospores (3.9–4.9 × 2.3–3.1 µm). Sequences of ITS and LSU nrRNA gene regions of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses carried out using maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses based on the molecular data of ITS+nLSU sequences showed that P. nigrodontea nested within the phlebioid clade. A further investigation of more representative taxa from Phlebia, based on ITS+nLSU sequences, demonstrated that the species P. nigrodontea formed a monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BS, 100% BT, 1.00 BPP) and closely grouped with P. chrysocreas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document