External costs in short sea shipping based intermodal transport chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
M.M. Ramalho ◽  
T.A. Santos ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
External Costs ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Short Sea Shipping

scholarly journals The Impact of the Internalization of External Costs in the Competitiveness of Short Sea Shipping

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Mónica M. Ramalho ◽  
Tiago A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
Marginal Costs ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Internal Costs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

This paper applies a methodology for computing external costs in an intermodal transport network that includes short sea shipping to explore the impact of external costs in its competitiveness. The network, which includes roads, freight railways, maritime and inland waterway connections, considers the specific characteristics of different transport alternatives and vehicle types, providing a fair comparison of the various modes. A case study focused on freight transportation between Northern Portugal and 75 destinations (NUTS2 regions) in north-western Europe is presented. The potential of different intermodal routes that include short sea shipping is assessed, including not only internal costs and times but also external costs per mode and unit of cargo. The impact of the different cost approaches in each country of transit is shown along with the progress that has been made in the integration of external costs, using the most recent EU estimates on marginal costs coverage ratios per country for freight transport modes. The results support the modal shift from road to sea in this corridor, providing means for modal comparison and for the development of short sea shipping’s image as a sustainable mode of transportation.

Transshipment Equipments for Road-Rail Intermodal Transport

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 3377-3380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Li ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Xiao Nian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Road Transport ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Intermodal Transport

Due to the large external costs of road transport, many developed countries have begun to shift the balance between road and rail transport, i.e. enhance the proportion of railway in the transport sector, especially in freight transport. The paper firstly analyzes the necessity of such balance shift, which requires the development of road-rail intermodal transport. Then, the paper focuses on the issue of transshipment equipments to solve the obstacles of road-rail intermodal transport, whose analysis includes both the drawbacks of traditional vertical transshipment equipments and the advantages of innovative horizontal transshipment equipments. Finally, the conclusions are drawn and further suggestions are suggested.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Air Pollutants and Greenhouse Gases Emissions in Intermodal Transport Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Mónica M. Ramalho ◽  
Tiago A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Operational Profile ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Emissions Scenarios

This paper discusses the most attractive emission compliance options (emission abatement technologies and cleaner fuels) in intermodal transport chains that include short sea shipping. Most studies on emissions-based transport chain comparisons have estimated high levels of nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions in maritime transportation, decreasing its competitiveness. However, the consequences of regulatory and technological developments and the integration of maritime transport in intermodal transport chains have not yet been considered in detail. In order to address this research gap, a numerical model for computing emissions from different transport modes in an intermodal transport network, under the effect of these developments, is presented that is based on bottom–up emission factors that depend on the fuel type, engine type, and operational profile of each vehicle. Different emissions scenarios are chosen for specific unimodal and intermodal routes (short sea shipping-based) between Portugal and northwestern Europe. Conclusions are drawn on estimated values of air pollutant emissions and greenhouse emissions, in CO2-eq per unit of cargo, in each scenario. These results allow the identification of the most environmentally friendly transport chains, thus supporting the development of adequate transport policies.

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential of Short Sea Shipping and the Benefits in Terms of External Costs: Application to the Mediterranean Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 5383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Comi ◽  
Antonio Polimeni
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
External Costs ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

The paper aims to investigate short sea shipping services as a competitive, sustainable freight transport system which is able to respond to economic, social and environmental needs. An assessment methodology is proposed which considers an aggregate discrete choice model, simulating the split between the competitive transport alternatives in the Mediterranean basin. The proposed methodology was used to assess the potential of short sea shipping (SSS) and the net benefits deriving from lower external costs in the north-western Mediterranean basin. Two future scenarios are considered: introduction of new SSS services as envisaged by current EU projects and plans, and the introduction of new SSS routes and an increase in frequencies of existing services. Significant results were obtained in terms of shifting freight traffic from the road network as well as external benefits.

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