Estimating the Health Impact of Air Pollution Fields

2016 ◽  
pp. 289-306
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impact

scholarly journals Premature mortality due to air pollution in European cities: a health impact assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Khomenko ◽  
Marta Cirach ◽  
Evelise Pereira-Barboza ◽  
Natalie Mueller ◽  
Jose Barrera-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
European Cities

scholarly journals Extreme heat in India and anthropogenic climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geert Jan van Oldenborgh ◽  
Sjoukje Philip ◽  
Sarah Kew ◽  
Michiel van Weele ◽  
Peter Uhe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Surface Cooling

Abstract. On 19 May 2016 the afternoon temperature reached 51.0 °C in Phalodi in the northwest of India – a new record for the highest observed maximum temperature in India. The previous year, a widely reported very lethal heat wave occurred in the southeast, in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, killing thousands of people. In both cases it was widely assumed that the probability and severity of heat waves in India are increasing due to global warming, as they do in other parts of the world. However, we do not find positive trends in the highest maximum temperature of the year in most of India since the 1970s (except spurious trends due to missing data). Decadal variability cannot explain this, but both increased air pollution with aerosols blocking sunlight and increased irrigation leading to evaporative cooling have counteracted the effect of greenhouse gases up to now. Current climate models do not represent these processes well and hence cannot be used to attribute heat waves in this area. The health effects of heat are often described better by a combination of temperature and humidity, such as a heat index or wet bulb temperature. Due to the increase in humidity from irrigation and higher sea surface temperatures (SSTs), these indices have increased over the last decades even when extreme temperatures have not. The extreme air pollution also exacerbates the health impacts of heat. From these factors it follows that, from a health impact point of view, the severity of heat waves has increased in India. For the next decades we expect the trend due to global warming to continue but the surface cooling effect of aerosols to diminish as air quality controls are implemented. The expansion of irrigation will likely continue, though at a slower pace, mitigating this trend somewhat. Humidity will probably continue to rise. The combination will result in a strong rise in the temperature of heat waves. The high humidity will make health effects worse, whereas decreased air pollution would decrease the impacts.

scholarly journals Health and Economic Impacts Assessment of O3 Exposure in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11646
Author(s):  
José Texcalac-Sangrador ◽  
Magali Hurtado-Díaz ◽  
Eunice Félix-Arellano ◽  
Carlos Guerrero-López ◽  
Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Avoidable Deaths

Health effects related to exposure to air pollution such as ozone (O3) have been documented. The World Health Organization has recommended the use of the Sum of O3 Means Over 35 ppb (SOMO35) to perform Health Impact Assessments (HIA) for long-term exposure to O3. We estimated the avoidable mortality associated with long-term exposure to tropospheric O3 in 14 cities in Mexico using information for 2015. The economic valuation of avoidable deaths related to SOMO35 exposure was performed using the willingness to pay (WTP) and human capital (HC) approaches. We estimated that 627 deaths (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 227–1051) from respiratory diseases associated with the exposure to O3 would have been avoided in people over 30 years in the study area, which confirms the public health impacts of ambient air pollution. The avoidable deaths account for almost 1400 million USD under the WTP approach, whilst the HC method yielded a lost productivity estimate of 29.7 million USD due to premature deaths. Our findings represent the first evidence of the health impacts of O3 exposure in Mexico, using SOMO35 metrics.

scholarly journals Greenspace availability or greenspace usability, which matters on PM2.5-related premature deaths: evidence from 360 cities in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingru Yang ◽  
Yijin Wang ◽  
Fangzheng Li ◽  
Yuge Xie ◽  
Xiaoli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Deprived Areas

Abstract Greenspace exposure is confirmed to reduce air pollution-related negative health impact. However, which type of greenspace exposure matters more on mitigating air pollution-related deaths and whether this effect is regionally different remain unclear. Here we show, greenspace usability exposure plays a more significant role in mitigating PM2.5-related premature deaths in 360 China cities generally speaking. By clustering 360 cities into urban-rural and Deprivation Index groups, we further find that greenspace availability and usability together work on respiratory health in rural regions, and greenspace availability matters more in very low deprived areas or urban and rural regions. Our results that increasing greenspace usability exposure is more helpful in reducing air pollution-related premature deaths may inform more effective and equitable greenspace planning policies in rapidly developing countries like China.

scholarly journals Air Pollution in High-Risk Sites–Risk Analysis and Health Impact

10.5772/60345 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ferrante ◽  
M. Fiore ◽  
C. Copat ◽  
S. Morina ◽  
C. Ledda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Health Impact

PROXY EXPOSURE INDICATORS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTION, HEALTH IMPACT AND DEPRIVATION IN THE MARCHE REGION, ITALY

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1741-1746
Author(s):  
Katiuscia Di Biagio ◽  
Marco Baldini ◽  
Luca Formenti ◽  
Aurora Luciani ◽  
Lara Rita Napolitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Marche Region ◽  
Exposure Indicators

VALUING THE HEALTH IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION: DEATHS, DALYS OR DOLLARS?

2006 ◽  
pp. 197-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. M. De Hollander ◽  
Johan M Melse
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Impact
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