scholarly journals Repurposing Melt Degradation for the Evaluation of Mixed Amorphous-Crystalline Blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumayah Abdul-jabbar ◽  
Daniel W. Wong ◽  
Gary P. Martin ◽  
Brendon Woodhead ◽  
Paul G. Royall
Keyword(s):  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Salbutamol Sulphate ◽  
Amorphous Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Crystalline Drugs ◽  
Salt Forms ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Partial Integration

AbstractMedicine regulators require the melting points for crystalline drugs, as they are a test for chemical and physical quality. Many drugs, especially salt-forms, suffer concomitant degradation during melting; thus, it would be useful to know if the endotherm associated with melt degradation may be used for characterising the crystallinity of a powder blend. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether melt-degradation transitions can detect amorphous content in a blend of crystalline and amorphous salbutamol sulphate. Salbutamol sulphate was rendered amorphous by freeze and spray-drying and blended with crystalline drug, forming standards with a range of amorphous content. Crystalline salbutamol sulphate was observed to have a melt-degradation onset of 198.2±0.2°C, while anhydrous amorphous salbutamol sulphate prepared by either method showed similar glass transition temperatures of 119.4±0.7°C combined. Without the energy barrier provided by the ordered crystal lattice, the degradation endotherm for amorphous salbutamol sulphate occurred 50°C below the melting point, with an onset of 143.6±0.2°C. The enthalpies for this degradation transition showed no significant difference between freeze- and spray-dried samples (p>0.05). Distinct from convention, partial integration of the crystalline melt-degradation endotherm was applied to the region 193–221°C which had no contribution from the degradation of amorphous salbutamol sulphate. The linear correlation of these partial areas with amorphous content, R2=0.994, yielded limits of detection and quantification of 0.13% and 0.44% respectively, independent of drying technique. Melt-degradation transitions may be re-purposed for the measurement of amorphous content in powder blends, and they have potential for evaluating disorder more generally.

scholarly journals Kualitas Fisik Beras (Oryza sativa L.) Mutan M4 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Nanda Funna Ledita ◽  
Efendi Efendi ◽  
Rita Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mutant Line ◽  
Milled Rice ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation

Abstrak.  Beras (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang berfungsi sebagai tanaman pokok selain gandum dan jagung di Indonesia, dikarenakan mengandung nutrisi yang dibutuhkan tubuh seperti karbohidrat, protein, air  dan lemak. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk maka permintaan terhadap beras semakin meningkat. Permintaan tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh selera konsumen yang dipengaruhi oleh kualitas beras yaitu mutu fisik (ukuran dan bentuk butiran, rendemen dan pengapuran), mutu tanak (kadar amilosa dan suhu gelatinisasi) dan mutu rasa (tekstur dan aroma). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas beberapa galur padi mutan M4 hasil iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Laboratorium Analisis Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, serta Laboratorium Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, yang berlangsung pada bulan April hingga Juli 2018. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini berupa galur (G) dengan 5 taraf, yaitu i-Snb (G0) kontrol, O-39e (G1), O-57d (G2), O-57e (G3) dan O-88j (G4). Parameter yang diamati yaitu sifat fisik beras (densitas kamba, derajat sosoh, dimensi beras rendemen beras giling, dan warna). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur  mutan M4 berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kualitas sifat fisik rendemen beras giling dan warna nilai L (kecerahan). Rendemen beras giling terbaik galur O-39e (70,33%) dan warna nilai L (kecerahan) galur O-88j (117,90).  Perlakuan terbaik secara kumulatif  untuk sifat fisik beras yaitu pada i-Snb.. Physical Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L. ) M4  Mutant Results of Gamma Ray IrradiationAbstract. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of main food which the function is to be staple food beside wheat and corn in Indonesia because it contains nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, water, and fat. Towards the increasing populations, the demand of rice is increasing as well. The demand is largerly depends on the consumer taste affected by the quality of rice which are physical quality (size and grain shape, rendemen, and calcification), cooked quality (amylose content and gelatinization temperature) and flavor quality (texture and smell). The purpose of this research was to investigate the quality of rice from several M4 mutant line resulting from gamma ray irradiation. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology and Laboratory of Food and Agricultural Analysis, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from the month April to July 2018. The design used in this study was based on a non-factorial completely randomize design with 3 replications and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) level of 5% on a significant F test results. The results showed that the M4 mutant line had a very significant effect on the quality of physical properties, the yield of milled rice and the best color L (brightness), namely on the O-88j and O-39e line.

scholarly journals Comparison of Hexane and Petroleum Ether to Measure Surface Oil Content

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1729-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinodini E Buck ◽  
Sheryl A Barringer
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spray Dried

Abstract Many studies have measured surface oil on potato chips and spray dried powders using either petroleum ether or hexane. This study compared the effectiveness of the 2 solvents using aluminum squares to ensure oil stays on the surface of the sample during the measurement. Aluminum squares were sprayed with soybean oil, and surface oil was measured immediately and after 1 day. Each of the 8 aluminum samples were individually dipped for 12 s in either hexane or petroleum ether. For immediately extracted samples, there was no significant difference in the amount of oil extracted using either hexane or petroleum ether. For 1-day-old samples, hexane extracted more oil than petroleum ether. Neither method extracted all of the surface oil.

scholarly journals Sensorial Properties, Chemical Characteristicsand Fatty Acids Profile of Cheese Fortified by Encapsulated Kilka Fish Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeyedReza Hejazian ◽  
SeyedehZeynab Hatami Takami ◽  
Esmaeil Ghanbari Shendi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spray Dried

<p>However Kilka is a valuable fish in nutritional point of view, but a large part of it used in poultry feed. The main<br />reason is the undesirable odor. In this study Kilka oil was blended with milk at 1% and 2% level and then the<br />mixture spray dried. These encapsulated Kilka oil were added to cheese as a fortificant materials at 5% level.<br />Cheese without encapsulated Kilka oil was as a control treatment. Results showed that there was no significant<br />difference (p&gt;0.05) between color of fortificated cheese with control cheese. There was no significant difference<br />(p&gt;0.05) between odor of cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil that contain 1% Kilka oil (A) with control<br />cheese. There was no significant difference (p&gt;0.05) between flavor of cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil<br />that contain 1% Kilka oil (A) with cheese with 5% encapsulated Kilka oil that contain 2% Kilka oil (B) but there<br />was significant difference (p&lt;0.05) between these two treatments with control cheese. Also, the eicosapentaenoic<br />acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content of fortified cheeses had significant difference (p&lt;0.05)<br />with control cheese.</p>

P261 calorimetric investigation of spray dried salbutamol sulphate

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
G. Venthoye ◽  
K.M.G. Taylor ◽  
J.M. Newton ◽  
M.C.R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Calorimetric Investigation ◽  
Salbutamol Sulphate ◽  
Spray Dried

Compaction behavior and optimization of spray-dried lactose with various amorphous content

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ruangchayajatuporn ◽  
T. Amornsakchai ◽  
N. Sinchaipanid ◽  
A. Mitrevej
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Content ◽  
Compaction Behavior ◽  
Spray Dried

scholarly journals Physical quality of eggs of four strains of poultry

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e52738
Author(s):  
Guilherme Resende de Almeida ◽  
Michele de Oliveira Mendonça ◽  
Lidianne Carolina de Castro Weitzel ◽  
Tatiana Marques Bittencourt ◽  
Anderson Soares de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shell Thickness ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Egg Diameter ◽  
Important Activity

The layer poultry is an important activity for food production with high biological value. Measuring egg quality has great relevance to ensure safety and quality products for consumers. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the egg physical quality of four laying hen’s strains. Were used 864 eggs from four laying hens’ lines (Hisex Brown®, Hy-Line Brown®, Isa Label®, and Lohmann Brown®). The experimental design was completely randomized composed of four treatments (strains) with nine replications with four eggs each. Egg weight, egg diameter, egg length, specific gravity, yolk, albumen and shell weight and percentage, Haugh units, and shell thickness were evaluated. There was a significant difference for all parameters evaluated. The Hisex Brown® strain showed the best results for egg diameter, egg length, specific weight, albumen height, Haugh units, yolk weight, albumen%, shell weight, shell%, and shell thickness, while the Hy-Line Brown® produced bigger and heavier eggs, and Isa Label® presented the highest yolk%. The Hisex Brown® strain showed the better physical quality of eggs when compared to the other studied lines, the strain being indicated when the objective is to produce eggs with better internal and external quality.

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN DAN MUTU FISIK BIBIT KAYU KUKU (Pericopsis mooniana) PADA MEDIA TANAM TAILING PERTAMBANGAN EMAS RAKYAT DENGAN PEMBERIAN AMELIORAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Rizal Adi Saputra ◽  
Meyla Riniarti
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Acid Growth ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Mining Tailings ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Significant Difference

One of the strategies in rehabilitation of gold mining tailings is used pioneer trees. Pericopsis mooniana is one of pioneer types which capable to adapt to marginal and unproductivel lands. The objective of this research were to find out the growth and physical quality of P. mooniana seedling on artisanal gold mining tailings with the addition of compost elephant dung and humic acid. Growth observation and physical quality assessment were done to P. mooniana seedlings aged 3 months and 10 days, placed on polybag (15/7.5 cm x 20 cm). The experimental design used a completely randomized design with six growth media as treatments and five replications, (1) topsoil 100%, (2) talings 100%, (3) tailings 50% + elephant dungs 50%, (4) tailings 50% + elephant dungs 50% + humic acid (2,000 ppm), (5) tailings 75% + elephant dungs 25%,(6) tailings 75% + elephant dungs 25% + (humic acid (2,000 ppm).  Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed with a Least Significant Difference test. The stages of the research were: seedling activity, growth observations and physical quality assessment seedlings. The parameter observed were percentage of life, increment height and diameter, number of leaf, leaf area, number of nodules, total dry weight, robustness, ratio of leaves and roots, and seed quality index. The result showed that P. mooniana seedlings were able to grow and adapt to artisanal gold mining tailings with a seedlings quality indexs value of more than (0.09), but the addition of ameliorant did not have any impact yet.

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