scholarly journals Hormones and Mammary Cell Fate—What Will I Become When I Grow Up?

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (9) ◽  
pp. 4317-4321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. LaMarca ◽  
Jeffrey M. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Stem Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Mammary Cell ◽  
Mammary Stem ◽  
Gland Development

Systemic hormones are key regulators of postnatal mammary gland development and play an important role in the etiology and treatment of breast cancer. Mammary ductal morphogenesis is controlled by circulating hormones, and these same hormones are also critical mediators of mammary stem cell fate decisions. Recent studies have helped further our understanding of the origin, specification, and fate of mammary stem cells during postnatal development. Here we review recent studies on the involvement of hormone receptors and several transcription factors in mammary stem/progenitor cell differentiation and lineage commitment.

scholarly journals Mammary development in the embryo and adult: new insights into the journey of morphogenesis and commitment

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (22) ◽  
pp. dev169862
Author(s):  
Christine J. Watson ◽  
Walid T. Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lineage Specification ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Mammary Stem ◽  
Psychosocial Benefits ◽  
Gland Development

ABSTRACTThe mammary gland is a unique tissue and the defining feature of the class Mammalia. It is a late-evolving epidermal appendage that has the primary function of providing nutrition for the young, although recent studies have highlighted additional benefits of milk including the provision of passive immunity and a microbiome and, in humans, the psychosocial benefits of breastfeeding. In this Review, we outline the various stages of mammary gland development in the mouse, with a particular focus on lineage specification and the new insights that have been gained by the application of recent technological advances in imaging in both real-time and three-dimensions, and in single cell RNA sequencing. These studies have revealed the complexity of subpopulations of cells that contribute to the mammary stem and progenitor cell hierarchy and we suggest a new terminology to distinguish these cells.

The combination of valproic acid and lithium delays hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell differentiation

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (13) ◽  
pp. 3050-3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta A. Walasek ◽  
Leonid Bystrykh ◽  
Vincent van den Boom ◽  
Sandra Olthof ◽  
Albertina Ausema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions

Abstract Despite increasing knowledge on the regulation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) self-renewal and differentiation, in vitro control of stem cell fate decisions has been difficult. The ability to inhibit HSPC commitment in culture may be of benefit to cell therapy protocols. Small molecules can serve as tools to manipulate cell fate decisions. Here, we tested 2 small molecules, valproic acid (VPA) and lithium (Li), to inhibit differentiation. HSPCs exposed to VPA and Li during differentiation-inducing culture preserved an immature cell phenotype, provided radioprotection to lethally irradiated recipients, and enhanced in vivo repopulating potential. Anti-differentiation effects of VPA and Li were observed also at the level of committed progenitors, where VPA re-activated replating activity of common myeloid progenitor and granulocyte macrophage progenitor cells. Furthermore, VPA and Li synergistically preserved expression of stem cell–related genes and repressed genes involved in differentiation. Target genes were collectively co-regulated during normal hematopoietic differentiation. In addition, transcription factor networks were identified as possible primary regulators. Our results show that the combination of VPA and Li potently delays differentiation at the biologic and molecular levels and provide evidence to suggest that combinatorial screening of chemical compounds may uncover possible additive/synergistic effects to modulate stem cell fate decisions.

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