scholarly journals Effect of Obesity and Exercise Training on Plasma Amino Acids and Amino Metabolites in American Indian Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 3249-3261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Short ◽  
Jennifer Q Chadwick ◽  
April M Teague ◽  
Mary A Tullier ◽  
Lisa Wolbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents

AbstractContextAmino acids (AAs) and their metabolites are altered with obesity and may be predictive of future diabetes in adults, but there are fewer studies on AAs, as well as conflicting findings on how they vary with obesity, in adolescents.ObjectiveTo determine whether plasma AAs vary with body composition and insulin sensitivity and are altered in response to exercise training.DesignCross-sectional, and an exercise intervention.SettingTribal wellness center.ParticipantsAmerican Indian boys and girls, 11 to 17 years of age with obesity (Ob, n = 58) or normal weight (NW, n = 36).InterventionThe Ob group completed 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training.Main Outcome MeasureA panel of 42 plasma AAs.ResultsCompared with the NW group, the Ob group had lower aerobic fitness and insulin sensitivity (interactive homeostasis model assessment 2), 17 AAs that were higher, and 7 AAs that were lower. Branched-chain AAs (+10% to 16%), aromatic AAs (+15% to 32%), and glutamate were among the higher AAs; all were positively correlated with body fat and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity. The lysine metabolite 2-aminoadipic acid (2-AAA) and the valine metabolite β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA) were 47% higher and 29% lower, respectively, in the Ob group, and were positively (2-AAA) and negatively (BAIBA) correlated with insulin sensitivity. Exercise training increased aerobic fitness by 10%, but body composition, insulin sensitivity, and AAs were not significantly changed.ConclusionsSeveral plasma AAs are altered in American Indian adolescents with obesity and are associated with insulin sensitivity, but they were not altered with this exercise intervention.

scholarly journals Exercise Intervention Improves the Metabolic Profile and Body Composition of South western American Indian Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vallabh Shah ◽  
Leslie Colip ◽  
Mark R. Burge ◽  
Phillip Sandy ◽  
Donica Ghahate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents

The Weight Loss Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin B6: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Obese and Overweight Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Shakibay Novin ◽  
Saeed Ghavamzadeh ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), with vitamin B6 have been reported to improve fat metabolism and muscle synthesis. We hypothesized that supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 would result in more weight loss and improve body composition and blood markers related to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the mentioned supplementation would affect weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors during weight loss intervention. To this end, we performed a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in 42 overweight and obese women (BMI = 25–34.9 kg/m2). Taking a four-week moderate deficit calorie diet (–500 kcal/day), participants were randomized to receive BCAA (6 g/day) with vitamin B6 (40 mg/day) or placebo. Body composition variables measured with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis, homeostatic model assessment, and plasma insulin, Low density lipoprotein, High density lipoprotein, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were measured. The result indicated that, weight loss was not significantly affected by BCAA and vitamin B6 supplementation (–2.43 ± 1.02 kg) or placebo (–1.64 ± 1.48 kg). However, significant time × treatment interactions in waist to hip ratio (P = 0.005), left leg lean (P = 0.004) and right leg lean (P = 0.023) were observed. Overall, supplementation with BCAA and vitamin B6 could preserve legs lean and also attenuated waist to hip ratio.

Prevalence, Co-Occurrence, and Correlates of Substance and Behavioral Addictions Among American Indian Adolescents in California

2021 ◽  
pp. 004723792110170
Author(s):  
Steve Sussman ◽  
Jennifer B. Unger ◽  
Cynthia Begay ◽  
Lou Moerner ◽  
Claradina Soto
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Behavioral Addictions ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents

The present study investigated the prevalence and co-occurrence of addictions to tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, food/eating, the internet, texting, video games, shopping, love, sex, exercise, work, and gambling among American Indian (AI) youth in California. As with previous work in other cultural groups, the most prevalent addictions were love, internet, and exercise, though prevalence and co-occurrence of these addictions were relatively high among AI youth. A negative life events measure was associated with all the addictions, suggesting that life stressors are associated with high rates of multiple types of addictions among AI youth. There is a need for more research to better understand the relations of life stressors with multiple addictions among AI youth as well as how to remediate these behaviors.

Depressive Symptoms Among Reservation-based Pregnant American Indian Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golda S. Ginsburg ◽  
Elena Varipatis Baker ◽  
Britta C. Mullany ◽  
Allison Barlow ◽  
Novalene Goklish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents

scholarly journals Clinical Utility of miRNA-1, miRNA-29g and miRNA-133s Plasma Levels in Prostate Cancer Patients With High-Intensity Training After Androgen-Deprivation Therapy

2019 ◽  
pp. S139-S147
Author(s):  
A. GAZOVA ◽  
A. SAMAKOVA ◽  
E. LACZO ◽  
D. HAMAR ◽  
M. POLAKOVICOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

The randomized trials showed that the addition of training resistance program to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) had many beneficial effects for prostate cancer (PC) patients (significant protective effect on the volume of muscle mass) and the studies have revealed a panel of miRNAs, which are deregulate in PC and may serve as promising biomarkers of PC risk. The primary aim of our present study was to investigate the effect of exercise training to changes in body composition (muscle strength) and the secondary endpoint was to investigate the impact of an exercise training program on plasma levels of selected myogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) (miRNA-1, miRNA-29b, and miRNA-133) in PC patients undergoing the ADT. Effect of ADT and exercise intervention showed significant increase (experimental group vs. control group) the changes in body composition, free testosterone levels, IL-6 and plasma levels of myogenic miRNAs and significant reduced insulin serum levels. In conclusion, resistance training with ADT in the treatment of PC significantly changed the physical and metabolic function and the plasma levels of specific myogenic miRNAs. Our data support with the other publicized results.

scholarly journals Are rural American Indian adolescents becoming a race of angels?

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
John Cournane
Keyword(s):  
American Indian ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Ego Development ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents

This article discusses the importance of identity formation and the development in young Aboriginal persons as important in the early years of education. Education is an important anchor that would help ensure a reduction in adolescent suicides and improve ego development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document