Nitrogen Conservation in Starvation: Graded Responses to Intravenous Glucose

ABSTRACT The insulin secretory response in the rat to intravenous glucose was found to be greatly impaired by fasting for three days, whereas that to orally administered glucose was not significantly affected. Rats fasted for two days were given either protein or starch pellets for six hours, and then fasted for a further eighteen hours before the intravenous glucose test. The protein pre-feeding failed to affect significantly the subsequent insulin secretory response to intravenous glucose, whereas starch prefeeding greatly enhanced it. It is suggested that intestinal hormones released by glucose ingestion may exert not only an acute effect on insulin release, but also a 'priming' effect on the insulin release mechanism of the β cell, which enables it to respond to the subsequent stimulus of glucose alone.

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A subcutaneously implanted glucose sensor: sensor signal and blood glucose following intravenous glucose load or insulin administration in normal and diabetic rats

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.117s181 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 117 (4_Suppl) ◽

pp. S181 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. DOLDERER ◽

R. V. WARHADPANDE ◽

C. ZAWADIL ◽

H. ZIER ◽

W. KERNER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Sensor ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Insulin Administration ◽

Glucose Load ◽

Sensor Signal ◽

Intravenous Glucose ◽

Intravenous Glucose Load

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APPLICATION DE LA DOUBLE ÉPREUVE D'HYPERGLYCÉMIE INTRAVEINEUSE À L'ÉTUDE DU DIABÈTE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxiii0157 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXIII (II) ◽

pp. 157-167

Author(s):

T. Rodari ◽

G. Specchia

Keyword(s):

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Pancreatic Islet ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Intravenous Glucose ◽

Intravenous Glucose Tolerance ◽

Glucose Assimilation

ABSTRACT The double intravenous glucose tolerance test does not modify the assimilation coefficient in normal and thin diabetic subjects. On the contrary, in fat diabetic subjects the second coefficient of assimilation increases significantly, but not the first one. From these researches it is evident that the valuation of glucose assimilation by double venous hyperglycaemic test indicates the functional behaviour of the pancreas in different diabetic states. The interpretation of this behaviour of pancreatic islet response to the double venous hyperglycaemic test is discussed.

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Acute hepatic porphyrias for the neurologist: current concepts and perspectives

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x20200096 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Paulo Victor Sgobbi de Souza ◽

Bruno de Mattos Lombardi Badia ◽

Igor Braga Farias ◽

Eduardo Augusto Gonçalves ◽

Wladimir Bocca Vieira de Rezende Pinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System Involvement ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Inborn Errors ◽

Intravenous Glucose ◽

Inherited Metabolic Disorders ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Acute Porphyrias ◽

Diagnostic Work ◽

Atypical Presentations ◽

Interfering Rna

ABSTRACT Background: Acute hepatic porphyrias represent an expanding group of complex inherited metabolic disorders due to inborn errors of metabolism involving heme biosynthesis. Objective: We aimed to review the main clinical and therapeutic aspects associated with acute hepatic porphyrias. Methods: The authors provided a wide non-systematic review of current concepts and recently acquired knowledge about acute hepatic porphyrias. Results: Acute neurovisceral attacks are the most common and life-threatening presentation of this group and are often considered the main clinical manifestation by clinicians during differential diagnosis and the start of proper diagnostic work-up for acute porphyrias. However, atypical presentations with central nervous system involvement, neuropsychiatric disturbances, and some subtypes with photosensitivity usually make the definite diagnosis difficult and late. Early therapeutic interventions are essential during emergency treatment and intercritical periods to avoid recurrent severe presentations. The availability of new disease-modifying therapeutic proposals based on small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapies, complementary to the classic intravenous glucose infusion and hemin-based treatments, emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and genetic counseling of patients. Conclusions: This review article highlights the main biochemical, pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of acute hepatic porphyrias in clinical practice.

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