scholarly journals Sex- and Age-Related Changes in Epitestosterone in Relation to Pregnenolone Sulfate and Testosterone in Normal Subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 2225-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Havlíková ◽  
Martin Hill ◽  
Richard Hampl ◽  
Luboš Stárka
Keyword(s):  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Pregnenolone Sulfate ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Prepubertal Boys ◽  
Age Related Changes

Epitestosterone has been demonstrated to act at various levels as a weak antiandrogen. So far, its serum levels have been followed up only in males. Epitestosterone and its major circulating precursor pregnenolone sulfate and T were measured in serum from 211 healthy women and 386 men to find out whether serum concentrations of epitestosterone are sufficient to exert its antiandrogenic actions. In women, epitestosterone exhibited a maximum around 20 yr of age, followed by a continuous decline up to menopause and by a further increase in the postmenopause. In men, maximum epitestosterone levels were detected at around 35 yr of age, followed by a continuous decrease. Pregnenolone sulfate levels in women reached their maximum at about age 32 yr and then declined continuously, and in males the maximum was reached about 5 yr earlier and then remained nearly constant. Epitestosterone correlated with pregnenolone sulfate only in males. In both sexes a sharp decrease of the epitestosterone/T ratio around puberty occurred. In conclusion, concentrations of epitestosterone and pregnenolone sulfate are age dependent and, at least in prepubertal boys and girls, epitestosterone reaches or even exceeds the concentrations of T, thus supporting its role as an endogenous antiandrogen. The dissimilarities in the course of epitestosterone levels through the lifespan of men and women and its relation to pregnenolone sulfate concentrations raise the question of the contribution of the adrenals and gonads to the production of both steroids and even to the uniformity of the mechanism of epitestosterone formation.

Age-related changes in sleep in depressed and normal subjects

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Christian Gillin ◽  
Wallace C. Duncan ◽  
Dennis L. Murphy ◽  
Robert M. Post ◽  
Thomas A. Wehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Age-dependent Increases in Adrenal Cytochrome b5 and Serum 5-Androstenediol-3-sulfate

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 4585-4593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juilee Rege ◽  
Shigehiro Karashima ◽  
Antonio M. Lerario ◽  
Joshua M. Smith ◽  
Richard J. Auchus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B5 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Adrenocortical Cells ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

Context: Adrenal production of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) increases throughout childhood owing to expansion of the zona reticularis (ZR). ZR features cells with a steroidogenic phenotype distinct from that of the adjacent zona fasciculata, with higher expression of cytochrome b5 type A (CYB5A) and steroid sulfotransferase type 2A1 but decreased 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD3B2). In addition to DHEA-S, three adrenal Δ5-steroid sulfates could provide additional tools to define adrenal maturation. Objective: This study sought to simultaneously measure serum levels of four adrenal Δ5-steroid sulfates, pregnenolone sulfate (Preg-S), 17α-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate (17OHPreg-S), DHEA-S, and 5-androstenediol-3-sulfate (Adiol-S) as a function of age and relate their production to the age-dependent adrenal localization of CYB5A. Participants and Methods: Δ5-steroid sulfates were quantified by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in sera from 247 normal children (129 males,118 females) age 1.5–18 y and 42 adults (20 males, 22 females). Immunofluorescence localized HSD3B2 and CYB5A in normal adrenal glands from subjects age 2–35 y. Finally, HAC15 adrenocortical cells were transduced with lentiviral short hairpin RNA to suppress CYB5A expression. Results: Of the Δ5-steroid sulfates quantified, DHEA-S was most abundant. Adiol-S increased in parallel with DHEA-S. Steroid ratios (17OHPreg-S/DHEA-S) suggested increases in 17,20-lyase activity during childhood. Immunofluorescence analysis showed age-related increases in ZR CYB5A immunoreactivity. Furthermore, silencing CYB5A in HAC15 adrenocortical cells significantly reduced DHEA-S and Adiol-S production. Conclusion: Adiol-S shows a similar age-related increase to that of DHEA-S. This likely results from the childhood expansion of CYB5A-expressing ZR, which enhances 17,20-lyase activity and the production of DHEA-S and Adiol-S.

Relationship between Serum Tryptophan and Tryptophan Metabolite Levels after Tryptophan Ingestion in Normal Subjects and Age-Related Cataract Patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger J. W. Truscott ◽  
Anthony J. Elderfield
Keyword(s):  
Anthranilic Acid ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Xanthurenic Acid ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hydroxyanthranilic Acid ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cataract Patients

1. Cataract is the single major cause of blindness worldwide; however, the reasons for the development of this condition remain unknown. It has been suggested that the essential amino acid tryptophan may be implicated in the aetiology but definitive evidence has been lacking. 2. The serum levels of tryptophan and seven of its metabolites have been measured in both cataract patients and control subjects, after administration of tryptophan, in order to determine the typical response profile and to discover whether differences could be found in tryptophan metabolism in the two groups. 3. Tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan and anthranilic acid were measured by HPLC with dual electrochemical and programmable wavelength fluorescence detection. Fasting cataract patients (n = 42) and control subjects (n = 37) were given an oral dose of l-tryptophan and sera were sampled at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. 4. Statistically significant differences in the distribution of data between the two groups were observed. The responses of kynurenine and 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid were higher in cataract patients, but those of kynurenic acid and total tryptophan were lower than in control subjects. No statistically significant differences in free tryptophan, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, xanthurenic acid or 5-hydroxytryptophan levels were noted. 5. We conclude that there is a major subgroup of age-related cataract patients with a dysfunction in the metabolism of tryptophan. This may be related to the onset of cataract. The mechanism remains to be established but may operate via the action of tryptophan metabolites, such as 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid, which become reactive towards protein upon oxidation.

scholarly journals The Age-Related Performance Decline in Ironman 70.3

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2148
Author(s):  
Kristian Jäckel ◽  
Caio Sousa ◽  
Elias Villiger ◽  
Pantelis Nikolaidis ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Performance Decline ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Ironman Distance

Although the age-related decline in sport events has been well studied, little is known on such a decline in recreational triathletes for the Half Ironman distance. Indeed, the few existing studies concentrated on specific aspects such as top events, elite groups, some consecutive years, single locations, or age categories instead of analyzing all the data available. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine recreational triathletes’ performance in three split disciplines (swimming, cycling, and running) as well as in overall race time by analyzing all data of Half Ironman finishers found on ironman.com (i.e., 690 races; years 2004 through 2018; 206,524 women (24.6%) and 633,576 men (75.4%), in total 840,100 athletes). The age-dependent decline in Half Ironman started earliest in swimming (from the very first age group on) with a smallest age group delta between 35–49 years in men and 40–54 years in women. The performance decline started at 26 and 28 years in men and women for running; at 34 years for men and 35 years for women in cycling; and at 32 years for men and 31 years for women with regard to overall race time. The results may be used by coaches and recreational athletes alike to plan a triathlon career.

PP026 AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN MUSCLE MASS IN JAPANESE MEN AND WOMEN

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Y. Tanimoto ◽  
W. Sun ◽  
C. Hirota ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
K. Kono
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals miR-155 Predicts Long-Term Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Younger than 65 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Tacke ◽  
Martina E. Spehlmann ◽  
Mihael Vucur ◽  
Fabian Benz ◽  
Mark Luedde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Similar Accuracy

Introduction. Alterations in miR-155 serum levels have been described in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Moreover, a role for miR-155 in aging and age-related diseases was recently suggested. We therefore analyzed a potential age-dependent prognostic value of circulating miR-155 as a serum-based marker in critical illness. Methods. Concentrations of circulating miR-155 were determined in 218 critically ill patients and 76 healthy controls. Results. By using qPCR, we demonstrate that miR-155 serum levels are elevated in patients with critical illness when compared to controls. Notably, levels of circulating miR-155 were independent on the severity of disease, the disease etiology, or the presence of sepsis. In the total cohort, miR-155 was not an indicator for patient survival. Intriguingly, when patients were subdivided according to their age upon admission to the ICU into those younger than 65 years, lower levels of miR-155 turned out as a strong marker, indicating patient mortality with a similar accuracy than other markers frequently used to evaluate critically ill patients on a medical ICU. Conclusion. In summary, the data provided within this study suggest an age-specific role of miR-155 as a prognostic biomarker in patients younger than 65 years. Our study is the first to describe an age-dependent miRNA-based prognostic biomarker in human diseases.

Age-related changes in resting energy expenditure in normal weight, overweight and obese men and women

Maturitas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Siervo ◽  
Clio Oggioni ◽  
Jose Lara ◽  
Carlos Celis-Morales ◽  
John C. Mathers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes ◽  
Resting Energy
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