Viral hepatitis and Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (17) ◽  
pp. 1630-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Pakpoor ◽  
Alastair Noyce ◽  
Raph Goldacre ◽  
Marianna Selkihova ◽  
Stephen Mullin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Episodes Of Care

Objective:To study associations between viral hepatitis and Parkinson disease (PD).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was done by analyzing linked English National Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data (1999–2011). Cohorts of individuals with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and HIV were constructed, and compared to a reference cohort for subsequent rates of PD.Results:The standardized rate ratio (RR) of PD following hepatitis B was 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28–2.37) (p < 0.001), based on 44 observed compared with 25 expected cases. The RR of PD following hepatitis C was 1.51 (95% CI, 1.18–1.9) (p < 0.001), based on 48.5 expected and 73 observed cases. There was no significant association between autoimmune hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis or HIV, and subsequent PD. When including only those episodes of care for PD that occurred first at least 1 year following each exposure condition, the RR for hepatitis B and hepatitis C were 1.82 (1.29–2.5) and 1.43 (1.09–1.84), respectively.Conclusions:We report strong evidence in favor of an elevation of rates of subsequent PD in patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis C. These findings may be explained by factors peculiar to viral hepatitis, but whether it reflects consequences of infection, shared disease mechanisms, or the result of antiviral treatment remains to be elucidated. Further work is needed to confirm this association and to investigate pathophysiologic pathways, potentially advancing etiologic understanding of PD more broadly.

scholarly journals Changing Trends in Viral Hepatitis-Associated Hospitalizations in the American Indian/Alaska Native Population, 1995–2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy K. Byrd ◽  
John T. Redd ◽  
Robert C. Holman ◽  
Dana L. Haberling ◽  
James E. Cheek
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
American Indian ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Alaska Native ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Significant Change

Objective. We described the changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis among the American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) population that uses Indian Health Service (IHS) health care. Methods. We used hospital discharge data from the IHS National Patient Information Reporting System to determine rates of hepatitis A-, B-, and C-associated hospitalization among AI/ANs using IHS health care from 1995–2007 and summary periods 1995–1997 and 2005–2007. Results. Hepatitis A-associated hospitalization rates among AI/AN people decreased from 4.9 per 100,000 population during 1995–1997 to 0.8 per 100,000 population during 2005–2007 (risk ratio [RR] = 0.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1, 0.2). While there was no significant change in the overall hepatitis B-associated hospitalization rate between time periods, the average annual rate in people aged 45–64 years increased by 109% (RR=2.1, 95% CI 1.4, 3.2). Between the two time periods, the hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate rose from 13.0 to 55.0 per 100,000 population (RR=4.2, 95% CI 3.8, 4.7), an increase of 323%. The hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate was highest among people aged 45–64 years, males, and those in the Alaska region. Conclusions. Hepatitis A has decreased to near-eradication levels among the AI/AN population using IHS health care. Hepatitis C-associated hospitalizations increased significantly; however, there was no significant change in hepatitis B-associated hospitalizations. Emphasis should be placed on continued universal childhood and adolescent hepatitis B vaccination and improved vaccination of high-risk adults. Prevention and education efforts should focus on decreasing hepatitis C risk behaviors and identifying people with hepatitis C infection so they may be referred for treatment.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C: Crioglobulinemia y vasculitis cutánea con acronecrosis. Reporte de un caso.

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa MOSTORINO ELGUERA ◽  
Eduardo GOTUZZO HERENCIA ◽  
Víctor ULLOA PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Extrahepatic Manifestations ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

The C Hepatitis, it is a RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family, that introduces within their spectra of infection, manifestations liverworts and extrahepatic, being these last few frequent. Crioglobulinas could be detected in a third of patient with C hepatitis, but in only 1-2% of the cases develop cutaneous manifestations, some of this manifestatios are vaculitis with acronecrosis. The infection for C hepatitis occurs in other countries with diferent prevalence, they have more prevalence than in our countrie, being different to the prevalence for other types of viral hepatitis (B hepatitis). We are introduced the case of a patient attended to in our department with infection for C hepatitis and extrahepatic manifestations(acronecrosis) associate to presence of crioglobulinas.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Knowledge of Viral Hepatitis and HIV Among People Who Use Drugs Attending Methadone Therapy Clinic in Tanzania: A Cross-sectional Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semvua Kilonzo ◽  
Daniel W. Gunda ◽  
David C. Majinge ◽  
Hyasinta Jaka ◽  
Paulina M. Manyiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Methadone therapy clinics have been recently introduced in Tanzania, aiming at reducing risk behaviors and infection rates of viral hepatitis and HIV among people who use drugs. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence, associated factors and knowledge level of these conditions among people who use drugs attending a methadone clinic in Tanzania.Methods: We enrolled 253 People who using drugs receiving Methadone therapy. Clinical data was retrospectively collected from the medical records and face-to face interviews were conducted to determine the behavioral risk factors and respondents’ knowledge on viral hepatitis and HIV.Results: An overall seroprevalence of viral hepatitis (either hepatitis B surface antigen or anti-hepatitis C virus) was 6.3%, while that of hepatitis B virus mono infection was 3.5% and anti-hepatitis C virus mono infection was 3.5%. Seroprevalence of HIV was 12.6%. Viral hepatitis was strongly predicted by advanced age (>35 years) (p=0.02) and staying at Kirumba area (p=0.004), and HIV infection was predicted by increased age (>37 years) (p=0.04) and female sex (p<0.001). Regarding the knowledge of viral hepatitis, majority of the respondents were unaware of the transmission methods and availability of hepatitis B virus vaccines and only 17% were classified as well informed (provided ≥ 4 correct answers out of 7 questions). Good knowledge was highly predicted by higher education level of the individual (p=0.001).Conclusions: Despite the efforts to curb viral hepatitis and HIV infections through Methadone clinics, infection rates among people who use drugs are still high and the general knowledge on preventive measures is inadequate.

scholarly journals Marijuana Use in Hepatitis C Infection does not Affect Liver Biopsy Histology or Treatment Outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Liu ◽  
Glen T Howell ◽  
Lucy Turner ◽  
Kimberley Corace ◽  
Gary Garber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Sustained Virological Response ◽  
Virological Response ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Ottawa Hospital

BACKGROUND: Marijuana smoking is prevalent among hepatitis C virus-infected patients. The literature assessing the influence of marijuana on liver disease progression and hepatitis C virus antiviral treatment outcomes is conflicting.METHODS: The authors evaluated hepatitis C virus RNA-positive patients followed at The Ottawa Hospital Viral Hepatitis Clinic (Ottawa, Ontario) from 2000 to 2009. Using The Ottawa Hospital Viral Hepatitis Clinic database and charts, information regarding demographics, HIV coinfection, alcohol use, liver biopsy results, treatment outcomes and self-reported marijuana use was extracted. Biopsy characteristics and hepatitis C virus antiviral treatment outcomes were assessed for association with categorized marijuana use by adjusted logistic regression; covariates were specified according to clinical relevance a priori.RESULTS: Information regarding marijuana use was available for 550 patients, 159 (28.9%) of whom were using marijuana at the time of first assessment. Biopsy fibrosis stage and marijuana use data were available for 377 of these 550 (F0-2=72.3%). Overall, marijuana use did not predict fibrosis stage, inflammation grade or steatosis. Sustained virological response and marijuana use data were available for 359 of the 550 cohort participants; a total of 211 (58.8%) achieved a sustained virological response. Marijuana use was not associated with premature interruption of therapy for side effects, the likelihood of completing a full course of therapy or sustained virological response.CONCLUSION: Marijuana use did not influence biopsy histology or alter key hard outcomes of hepatitis C virus antiviral therapy.

scholarly journals Chronic viral hepatitis induced by hepatitis C but not hepatitis B virus infection correlates with increased liver angiogenesis

Hepatology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mazzanti ◽  
L. Messerini ◽  
L. Monsacchi ◽  
G. Buzzelli ◽  
A. L. Zignego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Assessing testing rates for viral hepatitis B and C by general practitioners in Flanders, Belgium: a registry-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e026464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Bielen ◽  
Özgür M Koc ◽  
Dana Busschots ◽  
Geert Robaeys ◽  
Bert Aertgeerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Life Testing ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Testing Uptake ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Primary Care Practices

ObjectivesChronic infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have a major impact on mortality worldwide. Although effective treatments are available for both HBV and HCV infection, <50% of the patients are even diagnosed in Belgium. This study assessed the real-life testing—and diagnosis rate by general practitioners (GPs) in Flanders, Belgium.SettingWe assessed the testing rate for HBV and HCV in 48 primary care practices with electronic medical records linked into one central registry in Flanders, Belgium.ParticipantsThe registry contains data of 440 140 patients over 20 years, which corresponds to 2.2% of the total Flemish population yearly. The primary care practices are distributed across Flanders and the patient population is representative for the distribution of age, gender and socioeconomic status at the community level.ResultsOf 440 140 patients included in the registry, 7892 (1.8%) patients were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 7206 (1.6%) for hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab) of whom 369 (4.7%) and 163 (2.3%) tested positive, respectively. Of 14 059 patients with chronic liver enzyme elevation, 1112 (7.9%) and 1395 (9.9%) were tested for HBsAg and HCV Ab, respectively. There was no improvement in testing rates over time.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that real-life testing uptake for viral hepatitis B and C is suboptimal in the general practices in Flanders, even in patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes. As GPs play a crucial role in prevention, diagnosis and linkage to care, efforts and strategies to increase the testing uptake for HBV and HCV are urgently needed.

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