Classification of OPERATING ROOM MORTALITY

With the number of patients living with congenital heart disease steadily increasing, relevant training in anesthesia care for these patients is becoming ever more important. Written by experts in the field, this highly illustrated book succinctly reviews the pathophysiology of congenital cardiac lesions along with important anesthetic implications for each. Case scenarios cover patients of wide-ranging ages, with a focus on care in non-cardiac operating room settings, including the general operating room, cardiac catheterization laboratory and radiology. Divided into sections corresponding to the anatomic classification of each cardiac lesion, the book includes keywords for easy cross-referencing. Several lesions have multiple scenarios presented in order to allow readers to learn how to discern more critically ill patients. The stepwise approach to understanding complex lesions provides a readily accessible guide for all anesthesia providers who care for patients with congenital heart disease. The book is also a useful tool for intraoperative teaching.

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Communication failures in the operating room: an observational classification of recurrent types and effects

BMJ Quality & Safety ◽

10.1136/qshc.2003.008425 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 330-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 744

Author(s):

L Lingard

Keyword(s):

Operating Room

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Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900053080 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 21-23

Author(s):

Y. Fujita

Keyword(s):

Infrared Region ◽

Spectral Classification ◽

Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

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Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100068096 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 220-221

Author(s):

Gerald Fine ◽

Azorides R. Morales

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Myxoma ◽

Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

Amelanotic Melanoma ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Light Microscopic Level ◽

Mesenchymal Tumors ◽

Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

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Ultrastructure of mesotheliomas

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100110775 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 98-101

Author(s):

Irving Dardick

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Latent Period ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽

Metastatic Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cell Sarcoma ◽

Cytological Features ◽

Industrial Use ◽

Degree Of Differentiation

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.

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Interpreting HVEM of muscle-cell impulse networks

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012103x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 126-127

Author(s):

Paul DeCosta ◽

Kyugon Cho ◽

Stephen Shemlon ◽

Heesung Jun ◽

Stanley M. Dunn

Keyword(s):

Structural Analysis ◽

Muscle Cell ◽

Electron Micrographs ◽

Relative Size ◽

Automatic Classification ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Analysis Algorithm ◽

Structural Networks

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).

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Biomedical applications: Pitfalls in the practice

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100169626 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 378-379

Author(s):

J. D. Shelburne ◽

Peter Ingram ◽

Victor L. Roggli ◽

Ann LeFurgey

Keyword(s):

Operating Room ◽

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Microprobe Analysis ◽

Tissue Sample ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Asbestos Fibers

At present most medical microprobe analysis is conducted on insoluble particulates such as asbestos fibers in lung tissue. Cryotechniques are not necessary for this type of specimen. Insoluble particulates can be processed conventionally. Nevertheless, it is important to emphasize that conventional processing is unacceptable for specimens in which electrolyte distributions in tissues are sought. It is necessary to flash-freeze in order to preserve the integrity of electrolyte distributions at the subcellular and cellular level. Ideally, biopsies should be flash-frozen in the operating room rather than being frozen several minutes later in a histology laboratory. Electrolytes will move during such a long delay. While flammable cryogens such as propane obviously cannot be used in an operating room, liquid nitrogen-cooled slam-freezing devices or guns may be permitted, and are the best way to achieve an artifact-free, accurate tissue sample which truly reflects the in vivo state. Unfortunately, the importance of cryofixation is often not understood. Investigators bring tissue samples fixed in glutaraldehyde to a microprobe laboratory with a request for microprobe analysis for electrolytes.

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Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147089 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 248-249

Author(s):

Jacob S. Hanker ◽

Dale N. Holdren ◽

Kenneth L. Cohen ◽

Beverly L. Giammara

Keyword(s):

Contact Lenses ◽

Ocular Infection ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Staining ◽

Ocular Infections ◽

Different Types ◽

Culture Positive ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

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